WGU D115 OA | Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
Questions and Correct Answers with Complete
Solution | New Update 2026/27 | Graded A+
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWERS T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWERS
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWERS
Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWERS (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWERS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWERS increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
,How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWERS retain H and excrete
HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWERS
Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWERS Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWERS Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWERS a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWERS
Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWERS arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWERS results from failure of neural tube to
close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWERS males
, Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWERS ND-PAE, decreased brain
function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWERS Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWERS Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain
and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWERS It is an autoimmune disorder where
antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles
over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWERS inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWERS noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by
redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWERS sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWERS superficial, localized skin conditions or deep
tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
Questions and Correct Answers with Complete
Solution | New Update 2026/27 | Graded A+
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWERS T cells produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWERS
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWERS
Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWERS (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWERS Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water >
Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWERS increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
,How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWERS retain H and excrete
HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? - ANSWERS
Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWERS Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease - ANSWERS Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWERS a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. - ANSWERS
Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWERS arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWERS results from failure of neural tube to
close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWERS males
, Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWERS ND-PAE, decreased brain
function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWERS Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWERS Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain
and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWERS It is an autoimmune disorder where
antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles
over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWERS inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWERS noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by
redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWERS sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
Fungal infections - ANSWERS superficial, localized skin conditions or deep
tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
