NURS 5334 Advanced Pharm Test 1 Study Guide
Latest Update 2026 | Pass Exam Prep
1. Name two examples of second generation cephalosporins.
Cefotaxime and cefoperazone
Ceftriaxone and cefepime
Cefazolin and cephalexin
Cefaclor and cefuroxime
2. Describe why cephalosporins are classified as broad spectrum antibiotics.
Cephalosporins are only effective against gram-positive bacteria.
Cephalosporins are effective only in specific infections.
Cephalosporins are classified as broad spectrum because they are
effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Cephalosporins have no effect on bacteria.
3. Describe the implications of increased drug half-lives in older adults
regarding medication management.
Increased half-lives indicate faster drug clearance, requiring higher
doses.
Increased half-lives simplify medication schedules for older adults.
Increased half-lives have no impact on medication management.
Increased half-lives can lead to prolonged drug responses,
necessitating careful monitoring and potential dosage adjustments.
,4. What physiological change in body composition affects drug distribution in
geriatric patients?
Decreased organ size
Increased percentage of body fat
Increased water content
Decreased muscle mass
5. What type of organisms are third generation cephalosporins primarily
effective against?
Gram-negative organisms
Viruses
Fungi
Gram-positive organisms
6. If a patient taking ampicillin develops a rash and diarrhea, what steps should
a healthcare provider take?
Continue the medication without changes.
Evaluate the severity of the side effects and consider adjusting the
medication or providing supportive care.
Increase the dosage of ampicillin immediately.
Switch to a different antibiotic without assessment.
7. If a patient receiving Penicillin G develops hyperkalemia, what should the
healthcare provider consider in terms of monitoring and management?
The healthcare provider should monitor the patient's electrolyte
levels and adjust the dosage accordingly.
, The healthcare provider should increase the dosage of Penicillin G.
The healthcare provider should switch to a different antibiotic without
monitoring.
The healthcare provider should discontinue all medications
immediately.
8. Antibiotics effective against a wide range of organisms are known as:
antibacterial spectrum
wide spectrum
positive spectrum
broad spectrum
9. Describe how the drug-metabolizing capacity of newborns compares to that
of adults.
Newborns have a lower drug-metabolizing capacity compared to
adults, which increases significantly over the first few months of life.
Newborns metabolize drugs at the same rate as adults from birth.
Newborns metabolize drugs only after six months.
Newborns have a higher drug-metabolizing capacity than adults.
10. Describe the range of infections that Tetracyclines are used to treat based
on their effectiveness against specific organisms.
Tetracyclines are primarily effective against fungal infections.
Tetracyclines are used for viral infections.
Tetracyclines are used to treat infections caused by Rickettsia,
spirochetes, Brucella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, H. pylori, Borrelia
burgdorferi, Bacillus anthracis, and Vibrio cholerae.
, Tetracyclines are only effective against Gram-positive bacteria.
11. Describe the potential cardiovascular risk associated with erythromycin use.
Erythromycin is safe for patients with heart conditions.
Erythromycin has no cardiovascular risks.
It can cause hypertension and tachycardia.
There is a small risk of sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation.
12. List the three main classes of antibiotics mentioned in the text.
Fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and penicillins
Penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines
Macrolides, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides
Cephalosporins, macrolides, and antifungals
13. Describe how aging affects drug sensitivity in geriatric patients.
Aging decreases the need for medication.
Aging results in decreased drug absorption and metabolism.
Aging leads to increased sensitivity to drugs due to physiological
changes.
Aging has no effect on drug sensitivity.
14. If a patient presents with a severe gram-negative infection and has a history
of central nervous system involvement, which antibiotic class would be the
most appropriate choice?
Penicillins
Third generation cephalosporins
Latest Update 2026 | Pass Exam Prep
1. Name two examples of second generation cephalosporins.
Cefotaxime and cefoperazone
Ceftriaxone and cefepime
Cefazolin and cephalexin
Cefaclor and cefuroxime
2. Describe why cephalosporins are classified as broad spectrum antibiotics.
Cephalosporins are only effective against gram-positive bacteria.
Cephalosporins are effective only in specific infections.
Cephalosporins are classified as broad spectrum because they are
effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Cephalosporins have no effect on bacteria.
3. Describe the implications of increased drug half-lives in older adults
regarding medication management.
Increased half-lives indicate faster drug clearance, requiring higher
doses.
Increased half-lives simplify medication schedules for older adults.
Increased half-lives have no impact on medication management.
Increased half-lives can lead to prolonged drug responses,
necessitating careful monitoring and potential dosage adjustments.
,4. What physiological change in body composition affects drug distribution in
geriatric patients?
Decreased organ size
Increased percentage of body fat
Increased water content
Decreased muscle mass
5. What type of organisms are third generation cephalosporins primarily
effective against?
Gram-negative organisms
Viruses
Fungi
Gram-positive organisms
6. If a patient taking ampicillin develops a rash and diarrhea, what steps should
a healthcare provider take?
Continue the medication without changes.
Evaluate the severity of the side effects and consider adjusting the
medication or providing supportive care.
Increase the dosage of ampicillin immediately.
Switch to a different antibiotic without assessment.
7. If a patient receiving Penicillin G develops hyperkalemia, what should the
healthcare provider consider in terms of monitoring and management?
The healthcare provider should monitor the patient's electrolyte
levels and adjust the dosage accordingly.
, The healthcare provider should increase the dosage of Penicillin G.
The healthcare provider should switch to a different antibiotic without
monitoring.
The healthcare provider should discontinue all medications
immediately.
8. Antibiotics effective against a wide range of organisms are known as:
antibacterial spectrum
wide spectrum
positive spectrum
broad spectrum
9. Describe how the drug-metabolizing capacity of newborns compares to that
of adults.
Newborns have a lower drug-metabolizing capacity compared to
adults, which increases significantly over the first few months of life.
Newborns metabolize drugs at the same rate as adults from birth.
Newborns metabolize drugs only after six months.
Newborns have a higher drug-metabolizing capacity than adults.
10. Describe the range of infections that Tetracyclines are used to treat based
on their effectiveness against specific organisms.
Tetracyclines are primarily effective against fungal infections.
Tetracyclines are used for viral infections.
Tetracyclines are used to treat infections caused by Rickettsia,
spirochetes, Brucella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, H. pylori, Borrelia
burgdorferi, Bacillus anthracis, and Vibrio cholerae.
, Tetracyclines are only effective against Gram-positive bacteria.
11. Describe the potential cardiovascular risk associated with erythromycin use.
Erythromycin is safe for patients with heart conditions.
Erythromycin has no cardiovascular risks.
It can cause hypertension and tachycardia.
There is a small risk of sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation.
12. List the three main classes of antibiotics mentioned in the text.
Fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and penicillins
Penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines
Macrolides, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides
Cephalosporins, macrolides, and antifungals
13. Describe how aging affects drug sensitivity in geriatric patients.
Aging decreases the need for medication.
Aging results in decreased drug absorption and metabolism.
Aging leads to increased sensitivity to drugs due to physiological
changes.
Aging has no effect on drug sensitivity.
14. If a patient presents with a severe gram-negative infection and has a history
of central nervous system involvement, which antibiotic class would be the
most appropriate choice?
Penicillins
Third generation cephalosporins
