NUR 200 FINAL (MOBILITY) UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
, Physiology of Cellular Components in Bone Osteoblasts build bone, osteoclasts break down bone, and osteocytes maintain
bone tissue health and mineral balance.
What is the major regulator of bone physiology in both Estrogen
women and men?
How does estrogen influence bone remodeling? It inhibits bone remodeling and reduces osteoclast activity.
What happens to bone density when estrogen levels It causes rapid bone loss.
decline during menopause?
What role does testosterone play in bone physiology? It promotes osteoblast activity and is important for skeletal growth.
How is testosterone related to estrogen in men? Testosterone is converted to estrogen, which contributes to bone maintenance.
What is the function of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) in bone It maintains blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption.
physiology?
What effect does intermittent exposure to PTH have on It promotes bone formation.
bones?
What happens to bones with chronic high levels of PTH? It causes bone loss.
What is the role of calcitriol (Vitamin D) in bone It stimulates intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
physiology?
What is essential for linear bone growth in children? Growth Hormone (GH) / IGF-1
How does Growth Hormone (GH) / IGF-1 affect adults? It helps maintain bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity.
What is the role of thyroid hormones (T3/T4) in bone They are crucial for skeletal maturation.
physiology?
What effect do excessive amounts of thyroid hormones They increase bone turnover and can weaken the skeleton.
have on bones?
Bone Healing Stages Inflammatory Stage (Days 0–7): A blood clot or hematoma forms around the break,
bringing specialized cells to remove dead tissue, reduce infection risk, and provide
temporary structural stability.
Reparative/Soft Callus Stage (Weeks 2–4): A soft callus, composed of cartilage and
collagen, replaces the blood clot and begins to span the fracture gap.
Hard Callus Stage (Weeks 4–8): The soft callus is replaced by dense, woven bone
(hard callus) via endochondral ossification, providing significant stability.
Remodeling Stage (Weeks 8–12+): The final stage can last for months to years,
where the woven bone is replaced by stronger lamellar bone, and the bone is
reshaped in response to mechanical stress, restoring its original structure
Ligaments vs Tendons ligaments connect bone to bone and tendons connect muscle to bone
Age related mobility changes Decline in ambulation & mobility begins ~70s.
and CORRECT Answers
, Physiology of Cellular Components in Bone Osteoblasts build bone, osteoclasts break down bone, and osteocytes maintain
bone tissue health and mineral balance.
What is the major regulator of bone physiology in both Estrogen
women and men?
How does estrogen influence bone remodeling? It inhibits bone remodeling and reduces osteoclast activity.
What happens to bone density when estrogen levels It causes rapid bone loss.
decline during menopause?
What role does testosterone play in bone physiology? It promotes osteoblast activity and is important for skeletal growth.
How is testosterone related to estrogen in men? Testosterone is converted to estrogen, which contributes to bone maintenance.
What is the function of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) in bone It maintains blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption.
physiology?
What effect does intermittent exposure to PTH have on It promotes bone formation.
bones?
What happens to bones with chronic high levels of PTH? It causes bone loss.
What is the role of calcitriol (Vitamin D) in bone It stimulates intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
physiology?
What is essential for linear bone growth in children? Growth Hormone (GH) / IGF-1
How does Growth Hormone (GH) / IGF-1 affect adults? It helps maintain bone density by stimulating osteoblast activity.
What is the role of thyroid hormones (T3/T4) in bone They are crucial for skeletal maturation.
physiology?
What effect do excessive amounts of thyroid hormones They increase bone turnover and can weaken the skeleton.
have on bones?
Bone Healing Stages Inflammatory Stage (Days 0–7): A blood clot or hematoma forms around the break,
bringing specialized cells to remove dead tissue, reduce infection risk, and provide
temporary structural stability.
Reparative/Soft Callus Stage (Weeks 2–4): A soft callus, composed of cartilage and
collagen, replaces the blood clot and begins to span the fracture gap.
Hard Callus Stage (Weeks 4–8): The soft callus is replaced by dense, woven bone
(hard callus) via endochondral ossification, providing significant stability.
Remodeling Stage (Weeks 8–12+): The final stage can last for months to years,
where the woven bone is replaced by stronger lamellar bone, and the bone is
reshaped in response to mechanical stress, restoring its original structure
Ligaments vs Tendons ligaments connect bone to bone and tendons connect muscle to bone
Age related mobility changes Decline in ambulation & mobility begins ~70s.
