NUR 113 UNIT 1 EXAM PERIOPERATIVE NURSING UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Perioperative Nursing • involves the care of clients before, during, and after surgery and some other
invasive procedures
• Preventable errors cause 10% of surgery-related deaths
Unintended outcomes - physical and emotional harm to patients and families
- negative financial impact
Phases of perioperative nursing 1. preoperative phase: begins at the time of decision for surgery and ends when
the client is transferred to the OR
- person prepared physically and emotionally
- preliminary studies, such as ECG and bloodwork, done
- informed consent obtained
2. intraoperative phase
3. postoperative phase
- prevention of complications
how does knowing the type of surgery help you? - identify the patient's perioperative needs
- plan patient care
- classifications can overlap
classifications of surgeries 1. body system
2. purpose
3. degree of urgency
4. degree of risk
- major: high degree of risk; vital organs, blood loss, prolonged, complicated;
significant potential for postoperative complications
- Minor: normally involves little risk and few complications; outpatient
surgeries;
, types of surgery: PURPOSE Diagnostic-Allows to confirm or establishes diagnosis.
Corrective- Excision or removal of diseased body part.
Reconstructive-Restore function or appearance to traumatized or
malfunctioning tissues.
Ablative – Removal/excision of a diseased body parts
Palliative – Relieves/ reduces pain or symptoms
Transplant – Replaces malfunctioning structures
Cosmetic- Performed to improve personal appearance.
Procurement- An organ or tissue is harvested. Related to transplant surgery.
suffixes describing surgical procedures
factors that affect surgical risk • Type of surgery
• Age
• Type of Wounds (preexisting and created incisions; clean, clean-
contaminated, contaminated; infected
• Preexisting conditions
• Mental Status
• Allergies
Psychological preparation before surgery - assess risk factors
- assess understanding of procedure
- minimize anxiety
- preop teaching (ex. exercises to decrease complications)
- lifestyle changes
- provide cultural considerations
- discharge planning- consider needs at home when discharged
planning/expected outcomes for surgery goal: prepare the pt adequately for the surgery and to deliver the pt to the OR
in the best condition possible
- able to describe procedure
- informed consent
- can state what to expect during postop period
- little anxiety
nursing interventions for surgery - preoperative coordination: preadmission diagnostic testing
- surgical preparation: providing care to pt immediately before surgery,
verifying required tests/documentation
- teaching preoperative: assisting pt to understand and mentally prepare for
surgery and post-op recovery period
evaluation for surgery did you meet the goal "prepare pt adequately"?
patient prep for surgery before transfer to or - identification
- empty bladder
- preoperative teaching
- final assessment and communication of findings to MD
- preoperative orders are complete
- chart: signed consent, lab and diagnostic reports, H&P, vitals, advanced
directives, nurse notes
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
Perioperative Nursing • involves the care of clients before, during, and after surgery and some other
invasive procedures
• Preventable errors cause 10% of surgery-related deaths
Unintended outcomes - physical and emotional harm to patients and families
- negative financial impact
Phases of perioperative nursing 1. preoperative phase: begins at the time of decision for surgery and ends when
the client is transferred to the OR
- person prepared physically and emotionally
- preliminary studies, such as ECG and bloodwork, done
- informed consent obtained
2. intraoperative phase
3. postoperative phase
- prevention of complications
how does knowing the type of surgery help you? - identify the patient's perioperative needs
- plan patient care
- classifications can overlap
classifications of surgeries 1. body system
2. purpose
3. degree of urgency
4. degree of risk
- major: high degree of risk; vital organs, blood loss, prolonged, complicated;
significant potential for postoperative complications
- Minor: normally involves little risk and few complications; outpatient
surgeries;
, types of surgery: PURPOSE Diagnostic-Allows to confirm or establishes diagnosis.
Corrective- Excision or removal of diseased body part.
Reconstructive-Restore function or appearance to traumatized or
malfunctioning tissues.
Ablative – Removal/excision of a diseased body parts
Palliative – Relieves/ reduces pain or symptoms
Transplant – Replaces malfunctioning structures
Cosmetic- Performed to improve personal appearance.
Procurement- An organ or tissue is harvested. Related to transplant surgery.
suffixes describing surgical procedures
factors that affect surgical risk • Type of surgery
• Age
• Type of Wounds (preexisting and created incisions; clean, clean-
contaminated, contaminated; infected
• Preexisting conditions
• Mental Status
• Allergies
Psychological preparation before surgery - assess risk factors
- assess understanding of procedure
- minimize anxiety
- preop teaching (ex. exercises to decrease complications)
- lifestyle changes
- provide cultural considerations
- discharge planning- consider needs at home when discharged
planning/expected outcomes for surgery goal: prepare the pt adequately for the surgery and to deliver the pt to the OR
in the best condition possible
- able to describe procedure
- informed consent
- can state what to expect during postop period
- little anxiety
nursing interventions for surgery - preoperative coordination: preadmission diagnostic testing
- surgical preparation: providing care to pt immediately before surgery,
verifying required tests/documentation
- teaching preoperative: assisting pt to understand and mentally prepare for
surgery and post-op recovery period
evaluation for surgery did you meet the goal "prepare pt adequately"?
patient prep for surgery before transfer to or - identification
- empty bladder
- preoperative teaching
- final assessment and communication of findings to MD
- preoperative orders are complete
- chart: signed consent, lab and diagnostic reports, H&P, vitals, advanced
directives, nurse notes
