N309 Exam 2 Questions With
Accurate Answers
UN conventions established rights of vulnerable groups. What are two such
groups? - ANSWER Women and children
What are three ethical practices required of research with humans established
by the Belmont report? What do these mean? - ANSWER Respect for Persons
- Treat individuals as autonomous persons
- Protect individuals with diminished autonomy
Beneficence
- Maximize possible benefits
- Minimize possible harms
Justice
- The benefits and burdens of research must be distributed fairly
What are global barriers to mental health care in the developing world? -
ANSWER Those countries are mostly focusing on non communicable and
communicable diseases more than high income countries
- They need to focus on strengthening primary care first
- Limited admin capabilities
- Little experience
What are low birth weight, underweight, stunting and wasting? - ANSWER - Low
birth weight: baby born weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces
- Underweight: low weight-for-age
- Stunting: low height-for age, failure to reach linear growth potential because of
inadequate nutrition or poor health
- Wasting: low weight for height
What measures may prevent early child undernutrition? - ANSWER NEED
ANSWER
What are important effects of deficiencies in the following on the health of
mothers and children: vitamin A, iodine, and iron? - ANSWER Vitamin A: proper
immune function and prevention of night blindness and eye dryness
Iodine: growth and neurological development
, Iron: prevents iron deficiency anemia, prevents low birthweight and premature
babies
What two regions of the world have the highest rates of maternal deaths? -
ANSWER Sub-Saharan Africa
NEED SECOND PLACE
What is the leading cause of maternal mortality? - ANSWER Hemorrhage (27%)
Explain what the "three delays" are that lead to maternal mortality? - ANSWER
Delay in recognizing complications and seeking care
- Poor understanding of complications and risk factors
- Socio-cultural barriers to seeking care
Delay in transport of mother to hospital
- Distance to health center and hospital
- Availability and cost of transportation
Delay in providing needed emergency obstetric care
- Lack of medical supplies
- Lack of trained health care providers
What are the top two causes of neonatal and postneonatal-to under 5 deaths? -
ANSWER Low income countries:
- Malaria
- Lower respiratory infections
Lower Middle:
- Lower respiratory infections
- Preterm birth complications
Upper middle-income countries:
- Preterm birth complications
- Congenital defects
High-income:
- Congenital defects
- Preterm birth complications
Pneumonia
What are key interventions (such as ORT) that can reduce child mortality? -
ANSWER - Nutrition
- Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months
Accurate Answers
UN conventions established rights of vulnerable groups. What are two such
groups? - ANSWER Women and children
What are three ethical practices required of research with humans established
by the Belmont report? What do these mean? - ANSWER Respect for Persons
- Treat individuals as autonomous persons
- Protect individuals with diminished autonomy
Beneficence
- Maximize possible benefits
- Minimize possible harms
Justice
- The benefits and burdens of research must be distributed fairly
What are global barriers to mental health care in the developing world? -
ANSWER Those countries are mostly focusing on non communicable and
communicable diseases more than high income countries
- They need to focus on strengthening primary care first
- Limited admin capabilities
- Little experience
What are low birth weight, underweight, stunting and wasting? - ANSWER - Low
birth weight: baby born weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces
- Underweight: low weight-for-age
- Stunting: low height-for age, failure to reach linear growth potential because of
inadequate nutrition or poor health
- Wasting: low weight for height
What measures may prevent early child undernutrition? - ANSWER NEED
ANSWER
What are important effects of deficiencies in the following on the health of
mothers and children: vitamin A, iodine, and iron? - ANSWER Vitamin A: proper
immune function and prevention of night blindness and eye dryness
Iodine: growth and neurological development
, Iron: prevents iron deficiency anemia, prevents low birthweight and premature
babies
What two regions of the world have the highest rates of maternal deaths? -
ANSWER Sub-Saharan Africa
NEED SECOND PLACE
What is the leading cause of maternal mortality? - ANSWER Hemorrhage (27%)
Explain what the "three delays" are that lead to maternal mortality? - ANSWER
Delay in recognizing complications and seeking care
- Poor understanding of complications and risk factors
- Socio-cultural barriers to seeking care
Delay in transport of mother to hospital
- Distance to health center and hospital
- Availability and cost of transportation
Delay in providing needed emergency obstetric care
- Lack of medical supplies
- Lack of trained health care providers
What are the top two causes of neonatal and postneonatal-to under 5 deaths? -
ANSWER Low income countries:
- Malaria
- Lower respiratory infections
Lower Middle:
- Lower respiratory infections
- Preterm birth complications
Upper middle-income countries:
- Preterm birth complications
- Congenital defects
High-income:
- Congenital defects
- Preterm birth complications
Pneumonia
What are key interventions (such as ORT) that can reduce child mortality? -
ANSWER - Nutrition
- Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months
