CERTIFIED NURSING ASSISTANT (CNA) WRITTEN
EXAMINATION COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1. When assisting a client in learning to use a walker, it is important to:
A. Stand behind him and use a transfer belt.
B. Put padding all the way around the top rim.
C. Let him walk by himself so he gains independence.
D. Let him practice using the walker on the day he is discharged.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Standing behind the client and using a transfer belt allows the nursing
assistant to maintain control, prevent falls, and protect both the client and the
aide from injury during ambulation.
2. Urinary retention refers to:
A. A normal output of urine.
B. An inability to urinate.
C. Incontinence.
D. A large output of urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder partially or
completely. This condition must be reported to the charge nurse promptly as it
can lead to bladder distension, infection, or kidney damage.
3. Normal hearing loss in aging is usually related to the ability to hear:
A. High-pitched sounds.
,B. Loud sounds.
C. All sounds.
D. Rapid speech.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) typically affects the ability to
hear high-pitched sounds first. Speaking in a lower-pitched, normal volume voice
is more effective than shouting, which distorts sound further.
4. The best way to safely identify your patient is by:
A. Asking his name.
B. Calling his name and waiting for his response.
C. Checking the bed plate.
D. Checking the name tag.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A confused or disoriented patient may answer to any name or get into
the wrong bed. Checking the wristband name tag provides the only reliable,
objective identification method.
5. Mrs. Jones is on a bowel and bladder training program. She has not had a
bowel movement for three days. What should the nurse aide do?
A. Report it to the charge nurse.
B. Give the patient an enema.
C. Offer prune juice.
D. Increase fluids.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation for three days is abnormal and must be reported to the
charge nurse. Nursing assistants cannot independently order enemas, increase
fluids, or provide prune juice without a nurse's approval.
6. The proper medical abbreviation for before meals is:
A. p.c.
B. b.i.d.
,C. a.c.
D. t.i.d.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: "a.c." stands for "ante cibum," Latin for before meals. "p.c." means
after meals, "b.i.d." means twice daily, and "t.i.d." means three times daily.
7. The proper medical term for high blood pressure is:
A. Diabetes.
B. Hypertension.
C. Hypotension.
D. CVA.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension is the medical term for consistently elevated blood
pressure. Hypotension is low blood pressure. CVA is cerebrovascular accident
(stroke). Diabetes is a metabolic disorder.
8. A patient who has difficulty chewing or swallowing will need what type of
diet?
A. Clear liquid
B. Low residue
C. Bland
D. Mechanical soft
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A mechanical soft diet consists of foods that are easy to chew, swallow,
and digest, such as ground meats, mashed vegetables, and soft fruits. Clear liquid
diets lack nutrition for long-term use.
9. Mrs. Smith is an 81-year-old resident with Alzheimer's disease and cannot
find her room. What should the nurse aide do to help Mrs. Smith feel more
independent?
A. Scold her and tell her to stay in the room.
B. Ask her roommate to watch her.
, C. Place a familiar object outside her room door.
D. Write the room number on a piece of paper.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A familiar object (such as a photo, a special decoration, or a colored
ribbon) helps the resident recognize her own room independently, promoting
dignity and reducing anxiety without causing embarrassment.
10. How often should a patient's intake and output records be totaled?
A. Once each shift
B. Twice a day
C. Every four hours
D. Every 12 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intake and output are totaled at the end of each shift (usually every 8
hours) and then again at the end of 24 hours to monitor fluid balance accurately.
11. Which of the following should you observe and record when admitting a
client?
A. Color of the stool and amount of urine voided
B. How much the client has eaten and drunk
C. Bruises, marks, rashes, or broken skin
D. Insurance information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Documenting any existing bruises, marks, rashes, or broken skin upon
admission protects both the resident and the facility. Failure to record these could
later suggest that abuse or neglect occurred during the stay.
12. When responding to a client on the intercom, you should:
A. Ask for the client's name.
B. Say, "What do you want?"
C. Give your name and position and say, "May I help you?"
D. Say, "The nurse will answer your call."
EXAMINATION COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
1. When assisting a client in learning to use a walker, it is important to:
A. Stand behind him and use a transfer belt.
B. Put padding all the way around the top rim.
C. Let him walk by himself so he gains independence.
D. Let him practice using the walker on the day he is discharged.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Standing behind the client and using a transfer belt allows the nursing
assistant to maintain control, prevent falls, and protect both the client and the
aide from injury during ambulation.
2. Urinary retention refers to:
A. A normal output of urine.
B. An inability to urinate.
C. Incontinence.
D. A large output of urine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder partially or
completely. This condition must be reported to the charge nurse promptly as it
can lead to bladder distension, infection, or kidney damage.
3. Normal hearing loss in aging is usually related to the ability to hear:
A. High-pitched sounds.
,B. Loud sounds.
C. All sounds.
D. Rapid speech.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) typically affects the ability to
hear high-pitched sounds first. Speaking in a lower-pitched, normal volume voice
is more effective than shouting, which distorts sound further.
4. The best way to safely identify your patient is by:
A. Asking his name.
B. Calling his name and waiting for his response.
C. Checking the bed plate.
D. Checking the name tag.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A confused or disoriented patient may answer to any name or get into
the wrong bed. Checking the wristband name tag provides the only reliable,
objective identification method.
5. Mrs. Jones is on a bowel and bladder training program. She has not had a
bowel movement for three days. What should the nurse aide do?
A. Report it to the charge nurse.
B. Give the patient an enema.
C. Offer prune juice.
D. Increase fluids.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Constipation for three days is abnormal and must be reported to the
charge nurse. Nursing assistants cannot independently order enemas, increase
fluids, or provide prune juice without a nurse's approval.
6. The proper medical abbreviation for before meals is:
A. p.c.
B. b.i.d.
,C. a.c.
D. t.i.d.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: "a.c." stands for "ante cibum," Latin for before meals. "p.c." means
after meals, "b.i.d." means twice daily, and "t.i.d." means three times daily.
7. The proper medical term for high blood pressure is:
A. Diabetes.
B. Hypertension.
C. Hypotension.
D. CVA.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertension is the medical term for consistently elevated blood
pressure. Hypotension is low blood pressure. CVA is cerebrovascular accident
(stroke). Diabetes is a metabolic disorder.
8. A patient who has difficulty chewing or swallowing will need what type of
diet?
A. Clear liquid
B. Low residue
C. Bland
D. Mechanical soft
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A mechanical soft diet consists of foods that are easy to chew, swallow,
and digest, such as ground meats, mashed vegetables, and soft fruits. Clear liquid
diets lack nutrition for long-term use.
9. Mrs. Smith is an 81-year-old resident with Alzheimer's disease and cannot
find her room. What should the nurse aide do to help Mrs. Smith feel more
independent?
A. Scold her and tell her to stay in the room.
B. Ask her roommate to watch her.
, C. Place a familiar object outside her room door.
D. Write the room number on a piece of paper.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A familiar object (such as a photo, a special decoration, or a colored
ribbon) helps the resident recognize her own room independently, promoting
dignity and reducing anxiety without causing embarrassment.
10. How often should a patient's intake and output records be totaled?
A. Once each shift
B. Twice a day
C. Every four hours
D. Every 12 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intake and output are totaled at the end of each shift (usually every 8
hours) and then again at the end of 24 hours to monitor fluid balance accurately.
11. Which of the following should you observe and record when admitting a
client?
A. Color of the stool and amount of urine voided
B. How much the client has eaten and drunk
C. Bruises, marks, rashes, or broken skin
D. Insurance information
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Documenting any existing bruises, marks, rashes, or broken skin upon
admission protects both the resident and the facility. Failure to record these could
later suggest that abuse or neglect occurred during the stay.
12. When responding to a client on the intercom, you should:
A. Ask for the client's name.
B. Say, "What do you want?"
C. Give your name and position and say, "May I help you?"
D. Say, "The nurse will answer your call."
