NURS 316: EXAM 1: WEEK 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Muscle spasm - Often results from injury to musculoskeletal system
- Caused by the flood of sensory impulses coming to the spinal cord from the
injured area
Muscle spasticity - Result of damage to neurons within the CNS
- May result from an increase in excitatory influences or a decrease in inhibitory
influences within the CNS
Non-pharmacological therapies for muscles Physical therapy
spasms/spasticity
Common centrally acting muscle relaxants Baclofen (Lioresal)
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
, Baclofen (Lioresal) Oral and injectable forms
- Treat chronic spastic muscular conditions
- Implantable baclofen pump device; a test dose is given to confirm a positive
response
- long term use
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) Oral and extended release oral form (Amrix)
- Most commonly used muscle relaxer
- Can cause marked sedation
- short term use
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. - Known allergy
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Contraindications - Rheumatic disorders
- Epilepsy
- Cardiac dysfunction
- Conditions marked by muscle weakness
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. - CNS Depression: drowsiness, sedation, imbalance
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Adverse effects - Fatigue
- Weakness
- Confusion (esp. elderly)
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dry mouth
- Hypotension
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. *Interactions* CNS depressants
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Nursing implications *Pt. ed* change positions slowly if dizzy, do not drive if drowsy, take oral doses
with food/milk, increase fiber/fluid intake, avoid stopping med abruptly
*Monitoring* adequate airway must be maintained, EKG monitoring, administer
fluids to avoid crystalluria
Common peripheral-acting muscle relaxant dantrolene (Dantrium)
and CORRECT Answers
Muscle spasm - Often results from injury to musculoskeletal system
- Caused by the flood of sensory impulses coming to the spinal cord from the
injured area
Muscle spasticity - Result of damage to neurons within the CNS
- May result from an increase in excitatory influences or a decrease in inhibitory
influences within the CNS
Non-pharmacological therapies for muscles Physical therapy
spasms/spasticity
Common centrally acting muscle relaxants Baclofen (Lioresal)
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
, Baclofen (Lioresal) Oral and injectable forms
- Treat chronic spastic muscular conditions
- Implantable baclofen pump device; a test dose is given to confirm a positive
response
- long term use
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) Oral and extended release oral form (Amrix)
- Most commonly used muscle relaxer
- Can cause marked sedation
- short term use
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. - Known allergy
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Contraindications - Rheumatic disorders
- Epilepsy
- Cardiac dysfunction
- Conditions marked by muscle weakness
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. - CNS Depression: drowsiness, sedation, imbalance
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Adverse effects - Fatigue
- Weakness
- Confusion (esp. elderly)
- Headache
- Nausea
- Dry mouth
- Hypotension
Centrally-acting muscle relaxants (e.g. *Interactions* CNS depressants
cyclobenzaprine, baclofen): Nursing implications *Pt. ed* change positions slowly if dizzy, do not drive if drowsy, take oral doses
with food/milk, increase fiber/fluid intake, avoid stopping med abruptly
*Monitoring* adequate airway must be maintained, EKG monitoring, administer
fluids to avoid crystalluria
Common peripheral-acting muscle relaxant dantrolene (Dantrium)
