Phil235 slides (exam 2) UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is a metaparadigm? The core concepts that shape nursing practice and research
Metaparadigm core concepts The person, their environment, their health, and the nurse
, Theory The use of clinical decision making, sound judgment, and reasoning is evidence
of theory in practice. This is coupled with lifelong learning and continuing
education to ensure high quality and evidence based best practices.
Grand theories ●Broad and wide perspectives on abstract concepts
● Often based on the theorist's philosophy of nursing or lived experiences
● Guides research and aims at future exploration of concepts
● Applicable to different practice settings and broad in scope
Middle range theories ●As implied, between broad and narrow focused theories
● Driven by a desire to explain or predict clinical practice trends
● Verifiable and testable through research
● Applies to different groups of patients or clients with commonalities
Practice level theories ●Narrowly focused theories
● Guides nursing interventions
● Impacts daily nursing practice
● Specific to a patient's goals or needs
Theory of Human Caring Jean Watson- grand theory. Caring is the essence of nursing. Healing happens
through authentic, compassionate relationships between nurse and patient.
Jean Watson's 10 Caritas Processes 1. Embrace altruistic values and practice loving kindness with self and others.
2. Instill faith and hope and honor in others.
3. Be sensitive to self and others by nurturing individual beliefs and practices.
4. Develop helping-trusting-caring relationships.
5. Promote and accept positive and negative feelings as you authentically
listen to another's story.
6. Use creative scientific problem-solving methods for caring decision making.
7. Share teaching and learning that addresses the individual needs and
comprehension styles.
8. Create a healing environment for the physical and spiritual self which
respects human dignity.
9. Assist with basic physical, emotional, and spiritual human needs.
10. Open to mystery and allow miracles to enter.
From Novice to Expert (Patricia burner) ●Middle-range nursing theory
● Describes nursing development regarding clinical competence and skill
acquisition
Novice No professional experience
Beginner Can note recurrent meaningful situational components, but not prioritize
between them
Competent begins to understand actions in terms of long-range goals
proficient perceives situations as wholes, rather than in terms of aspects
Expert has intuitive grasp of the situation and zeros in on the accurate region of the
problem
Leininger's Cultural Care Theory ●Middle-range nursing theory
● Describes the integration of social and cultural care
CORRECT Answers
What is a metaparadigm? The core concepts that shape nursing practice and research
Metaparadigm core concepts The person, their environment, their health, and the nurse
, Theory The use of clinical decision making, sound judgment, and reasoning is evidence
of theory in practice. This is coupled with lifelong learning and continuing
education to ensure high quality and evidence based best practices.
Grand theories ●Broad and wide perspectives on abstract concepts
● Often based on the theorist's philosophy of nursing or lived experiences
● Guides research and aims at future exploration of concepts
● Applicable to different practice settings and broad in scope
Middle range theories ●As implied, between broad and narrow focused theories
● Driven by a desire to explain or predict clinical practice trends
● Verifiable and testable through research
● Applies to different groups of patients or clients with commonalities
Practice level theories ●Narrowly focused theories
● Guides nursing interventions
● Impacts daily nursing practice
● Specific to a patient's goals or needs
Theory of Human Caring Jean Watson- grand theory. Caring is the essence of nursing. Healing happens
through authentic, compassionate relationships between nurse and patient.
Jean Watson's 10 Caritas Processes 1. Embrace altruistic values and practice loving kindness with self and others.
2. Instill faith and hope and honor in others.
3. Be sensitive to self and others by nurturing individual beliefs and practices.
4. Develop helping-trusting-caring relationships.
5. Promote and accept positive and negative feelings as you authentically
listen to another's story.
6. Use creative scientific problem-solving methods for caring decision making.
7. Share teaching and learning that addresses the individual needs and
comprehension styles.
8. Create a healing environment for the physical and spiritual self which
respects human dignity.
9. Assist with basic physical, emotional, and spiritual human needs.
10. Open to mystery and allow miracles to enter.
From Novice to Expert (Patricia burner) ●Middle-range nursing theory
● Describes nursing development regarding clinical competence and skill
acquisition
Novice No professional experience
Beginner Can note recurrent meaningful situational components, but not prioritize
between them
Competent begins to understand actions in terms of long-range goals
proficient perceives situations as wholes, rather than in terms of aspects
Expert has intuitive grasp of the situation and zeros in on the accurate region of the
problem
Leininger's Cultural Care Theory ●Middle-range nursing theory
● Describes the integration of social and cultural care
