RNFA Study Guide with all Correct & 100% Verified
Answers |Actual Complete Exam |Already Graded A+
Describe the minimal level of education required for an advanced practice nurse. ✔Correct
Answer-A Master's degree is required for advanced practice nursing.
What is the nursing model created by the Association of periOperative Registererd Nurses
(AORN) featuring domains that are in continuous interaction with the health system and
encircling the focus of perioperative nursing practice—the patient? ✔Correct Answer-The
AORN model is referred to as the Perioperative Patient-Focused Model.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by preparation for what will or may
happen and determining the priorities for care. ✔Correct Answer-The planning phase is
characterized by preparation for what will or may happen and determining the priorities for
care.
Institutional standards are usually directive about specific actions in specific circumstances
within a facility or system. What type of standards typically provide generalized authoritative
statements that can be implemented in all settings? ✔Correct Answer-National standards
provide generalized authoritative statements that can be implemented in all settings.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by performing the nursing care activities
and interventions that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly action.
✔Correct Answer-The implementation phase is characterized by performing the nursing care
activities and interventions that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly
action.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on identifying and classifying data
collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care. ✔Correct
Answer-The nursing diagnosis phase focuses on identifying and classifying data collected in the
assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care.
What is the expanded perioperative role characterized by handling and cutting tissue, using
instruments and medical devices, providing exposure and hemostasis, and suturing, all as
components of assisting-at-surgery behaviors? ✔Correct Answer-The registered nurse first
assistant (RNFA) is an example of an expanded perioperative nursing role.
The AORN publication, Standards of Perioperative Nursing, is an example of what kind of
standard? ✔Correct Answer-The AORN Standards are an example of process-based standards.
What is the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and systematic method to collect
and document the basic elements of perioperative nursing care? ✔Correct Answer-
,Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS) is the name of the specialty nursing language that
provides a uniform and systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care.
Define the phase of the nursing process typically associated with describing the desired or
favorable patient condition that can be achieved through nursing interventions. ✔Correct
Answer-The outcome identification phase describes the desired or favorable patient condition
that can be achieved through nursing interventions.
What is the act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a selected
situation(s) to a competent person? ✔Correct Answer-Delegation is the act of transferring the
authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a selected situation(s) to a competent person.
What standards are based on and describe the application of the nursing process in
perioperative nursing? ✔Correct Answer-Standards of care are based on and describe the
application of the nursing process in perioperative nursing. They include the collection and
analysis of data, identification of expected outcomes, planning and implementation of care, and
evaluation of outcomes.
What is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and effectiveness, based on
ethical and economic perspectives? ✔Correct Answer-Performance improvement is the
initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and effectiveness, based on ethical and
economic perspectives.
What are some examples of emerging roles in the OR? ✔Correct Answer-Emerging roles
include care coordinator, family liaison, robotics coordinator, and informatics specialist.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on the patient's progress in attaining
identified outcomes. ✔Correct Answer-The evaluation phase focuses on the patient's
progress in attaining identified outcomes.
What certification is available to perioperative nurses that demonstrates proficiency in support
of quality patient care and sets a standard of commitment to the profession of OR nursing?
✔Correct Answer-Certified Nurse, Operating Room (CNOR) is the certification for perioperative
nursing.
List the types of advanced practice nurses who may practice in the perioperative environment.
✔Correct Answer-Nurse practitioners (NPs), certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs), and
clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are examples of nurses who may practice in the advanced role in
the perioperative environment.
Define the phase of the nursing process concerned with the collection of relevant data about
the patient. ✔Correct Answer-The assessment phase is associated with the collection of
relevant data about the patient.
,How is a count recorded in the record when an item is missing but not located on an X-ray?
✔Correct Answer-Unresolved counts are documented as follows: if the X-ray is negative, the
count is recorded as incorrect, and the X-ray results are noted on the patient's intraoperative
record. An incident/occurrence/event report should be initiated according to institution policy.
Define the term electrolytes. ✔Correct Answer-Electrolytes are substances in the blood
essential to transmission of nerve impulses, regulation of water distribution, contraction of
muscles, generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, needed for cellular energy), regulation of
acid-base balance, and hemostasis.
Define the term root cause analysis. ✔Correct Answer-A root cause analysis is a systematized
process used to identify variations in performance that cause or could cause untoward patient
events.
Define the term sentinel event. ✔Correct Answer-Sentinel events are unexpected occurrences
involving death or risk of serious physical or psychologic injury to a patient.
Define the term active transport. ✔Correct Answer-Active transport is the process by which
molecules are moved across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, with the use of
external energy.
List examples of initiatives developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to promote
patient safety. ✔Correct Answer-The WHO has endorsed the Hand Hygiene Initiative (Clean
Care is Safer Care), the Surgical Hand Preparation guideline, and the Surgical Safety Checklist
(Safe Surgery Saves Lives).
Describe the verification steps for transfusion of blood or blood products. ✔Correct Answer-
The circulating nurse and anesthesia provider (or a second licensed individual) confirm the
following during blood and blood product verification: (1) The unit number on the blood
product corresponds with the unit number on the blood requisition. (2) The name, birth date,
and number on the patient's identification band agrees with the name, birth date, and number
on the slip with the blood product. (3) The patient's name on the blood product corresponds
with the name on the requisition. (4) The blood group indicated on the blood product
corresponds with that of the patient. (5) The date and time of expiration have not been
reached. (6) The blood product bag is free of leaks, damage, or signs of possible bacterial
contamination (e.g., presence of fine gas bubbles, discoloration, clots or excessive air in the
bag).
Define the term diffusion. ✔Correct Answer-Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an
area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
List examples of physical risks to patients in the perioperative environment. ✔Correct Answer-
Physical risks include any damaging or noxious element that comes into contact with the patient
, to cause harm, such as: electrosurgical/laser beam, pooled prep solution, glutaraldehyde
retained in an endoscope, or a retained foreign object.
Describe the steps used when weighing sponges to estimate blood loss. ✔Correct Answer-The
procedure for weighing sponges is as follows: (1) Weigh a dry sponge in a plastic bag, and adjust
the scale to register zero. (2) Place used, bagged sponges on the scale. (3) Record the scale
reading: 1 g equals 1 mL of blood loss. (4) Note the blood loss on the record. (5) Add
subsequent weight to the preceding weight each time sponges are weighed so that a running
total blood loss, calculated from sponges, is available. (6) Measure blood in the suction
canister(s) at regular intervals, subtracting the amount of any irrigating solution used. (7) Add
the amount of blood loss calculated from suction canisters to the total recorded from sponges
to obtain accurate blood loss estimates.
What are the key elements of informed consent? ✔Correct Answer-During informed consent,
the patient must be informed about the proposed operation or other invasive procedure and its
inherent risks, benefits, alternatives, and complications in terms that he or she can understand.
How are first, second, and third spacing defined? ✔Correct Answer-First spacing is the normal
distribution of fluid in extracellular and intracellular compartments. Second spacing refers to
excess accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema), while third spacing occurs when fluid
accumulates in areas that normally have no fluid or only a minimal amount of fluid.
Define the acronym SBAR. ✔Correct Answer-SBAR stands for: S=Situation, B=Background,
A=Assessment, R=Recommendation.
What are the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? ✔Correct Answer-Signs and
symptoms of a transfusion reaction include: increased intraoperative bleeding, hyperthermia,
weak pulse, hypotension, visible hemoglobinuria, vasomotor instability, and greatly decreased
or no urinary output.
Define the term intracellular fluids. ✔Correct Answer-Intracellular fluids (ICFs) are liquids
within cell membranes that contain dissolved substances essential to fluid and electrolyte
balance and metabolism. These substances comprise 70% of the body's fluid.
Define the term osmosis. ✔Correct Answer-Osmosis is the movement of a fluid through a
semipermeable membrane from a solution that has a lower solute concentration to one that
has a higher solute concentration.
List the minimum information needed for a surgical specimen identification. ✔Correct
Answer-Information needed for a surgical specimen includes: correct patient name and
identification number, specific origin of the specimen, and laterality (e.g., Jane Doe, 100001,
right breast biopsy).
Answers |Actual Complete Exam |Already Graded A+
Describe the minimal level of education required for an advanced practice nurse. ✔Correct
Answer-A Master's degree is required for advanced practice nursing.
What is the nursing model created by the Association of periOperative Registererd Nurses
(AORN) featuring domains that are in continuous interaction with the health system and
encircling the focus of perioperative nursing practice—the patient? ✔Correct Answer-The
AORN model is referred to as the Perioperative Patient-Focused Model.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by preparation for what will or may
happen and determining the priorities for care. ✔Correct Answer-The planning phase is
characterized by preparation for what will or may happen and determining the priorities for
care.
Institutional standards are usually directive about specific actions in specific circumstances
within a facility or system. What type of standards typically provide generalized authoritative
statements that can be implemented in all settings? ✔Correct Answer-National standards
provide generalized authoritative statements that can be implemented in all settings.
Define the phase of the nursing process characterized by performing the nursing care activities
and interventions that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly action.
✔Correct Answer-The implementation phase is characterized by performing the nursing care
activities and interventions that were planned, and responding with critical thinking and orderly
action.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on identifying and classifying data
collected in the assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care. ✔Correct
Answer-The nursing diagnosis phase focuses on identifying and classifying data collected in the
assessment in a way that provides a focus to plan nursing care.
What is the expanded perioperative role characterized by handling and cutting tissue, using
instruments and medical devices, providing exposure and hemostasis, and suturing, all as
components of assisting-at-surgery behaviors? ✔Correct Answer-The registered nurse first
assistant (RNFA) is an example of an expanded perioperative nursing role.
The AORN publication, Standards of Perioperative Nursing, is an example of what kind of
standard? ✔Correct Answer-The AORN Standards are an example of process-based standards.
What is the specialty nursing language that provides a uniform and systematic method to collect
and document the basic elements of perioperative nursing care? ✔Correct Answer-
,Perioperative Nursing Data Set (PNDS) is the name of the specialty nursing language that
provides a uniform and systematic method to collect and document the basic elements of
perioperative nursing care.
Define the phase of the nursing process typically associated with describing the desired or
favorable patient condition that can be achieved through nursing interventions. ✔Correct
Answer-The outcome identification phase describes the desired or favorable patient condition
that can be achieved through nursing interventions.
What is the act of transferring the authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a selected
situation(s) to a competent person? ✔Correct Answer-Delegation is the act of transferring the
authority for a selected nursing task or tasks in a selected situation(s) to a competent person.
What standards are based on and describe the application of the nursing process in
perioperative nursing? ✔Correct Answer-Standards of care are based on and describe the
application of the nursing process in perioperative nursing. They include the collection and
analysis of data, identification of expected outcomes, planning and implementation of care, and
evaluation of outcomes.
What is the initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and effectiveness, based on
ethical and economic perspectives? ✔Correct Answer-Performance improvement is the
initiative that encompasses improvements in quality and effectiveness, based on ethical and
economic perspectives.
What are some examples of emerging roles in the OR? ✔Correct Answer-Emerging roles
include care coordinator, family liaison, robotics coordinator, and informatics specialist.
Define the phase of the nursing process that focuses on the patient's progress in attaining
identified outcomes. ✔Correct Answer-The evaluation phase focuses on the patient's
progress in attaining identified outcomes.
What certification is available to perioperative nurses that demonstrates proficiency in support
of quality patient care and sets a standard of commitment to the profession of OR nursing?
✔Correct Answer-Certified Nurse, Operating Room (CNOR) is the certification for perioperative
nursing.
List the types of advanced practice nurses who may practice in the perioperative environment.
✔Correct Answer-Nurse practitioners (NPs), certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs), and
clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) are examples of nurses who may practice in the advanced role in
the perioperative environment.
Define the phase of the nursing process concerned with the collection of relevant data about
the patient. ✔Correct Answer-The assessment phase is associated with the collection of
relevant data about the patient.
,How is a count recorded in the record when an item is missing but not located on an X-ray?
✔Correct Answer-Unresolved counts are documented as follows: if the X-ray is negative, the
count is recorded as incorrect, and the X-ray results are noted on the patient's intraoperative
record. An incident/occurrence/event report should be initiated according to institution policy.
Define the term electrolytes. ✔Correct Answer-Electrolytes are substances in the blood
essential to transmission of nerve impulses, regulation of water distribution, contraction of
muscles, generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP, needed for cellular energy), regulation of
acid-base balance, and hemostasis.
Define the term root cause analysis. ✔Correct Answer-A root cause analysis is a systematized
process used to identify variations in performance that cause or could cause untoward patient
events.
Define the term sentinel event. ✔Correct Answer-Sentinel events are unexpected occurrences
involving death or risk of serious physical or psychologic injury to a patient.
Define the term active transport. ✔Correct Answer-Active transport is the process by which
molecules are moved across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, with the use of
external energy.
List examples of initiatives developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to promote
patient safety. ✔Correct Answer-The WHO has endorsed the Hand Hygiene Initiative (Clean
Care is Safer Care), the Surgical Hand Preparation guideline, and the Surgical Safety Checklist
(Safe Surgery Saves Lives).
Describe the verification steps for transfusion of blood or blood products. ✔Correct Answer-
The circulating nurse and anesthesia provider (or a second licensed individual) confirm the
following during blood and blood product verification: (1) The unit number on the blood
product corresponds with the unit number on the blood requisition. (2) The name, birth date,
and number on the patient's identification band agrees with the name, birth date, and number
on the slip with the blood product. (3) The patient's name on the blood product corresponds
with the name on the requisition. (4) The blood group indicated on the blood product
corresponds with that of the patient. (5) The date and time of expiration have not been
reached. (6) The blood product bag is free of leaks, damage, or signs of possible bacterial
contamination (e.g., presence of fine gas bubbles, discoloration, clots or excessive air in the
bag).
Define the term diffusion. ✔Correct Answer-Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an
area of high concentration to one of low concentration.
List examples of physical risks to patients in the perioperative environment. ✔Correct Answer-
Physical risks include any damaging or noxious element that comes into contact with the patient
, to cause harm, such as: electrosurgical/laser beam, pooled prep solution, glutaraldehyde
retained in an endoscope, or a retained foreign object.
Describe the steps used when weighing sponges to estimate blood loss. ✔Correct Answer-The
procedure for weighing sponges is as follows: (1) Weigh a dry sponge in a plastic bag, and adjust
the scale to register zero. (2) Place used, bagged sponges on the scale. (3) Record the scale
reading: 1 g equals 1 mL of blood loss. (4) Note the blood loss on the record. (5) Add
subsequent weight to the preceding weight each time sponges are weighed so that a running
total blood loss, calculated from sponges, is available. (6) Measure blood in the suction
canister(s) at regular intervals, subtracting the amount of any irrigating solution used. (7) Add
the amount of blood loss calculated from suction canisters to the total recorded from sponges
to obtain accurate blood loss estimates.
What are the key elements of informed consent? ✔Correct Answer-During informed consent,
the patient must be informed about the proposed operation or other invasive procedure and its
inherent risks, benefits, alternatives, and complications in terms that he or she can understand.
How are first, second, and third spacing defined? ✔Correct Answer-First spacing is the normal
distribution of fluid in extracellular and intracellular compartments. Second spacing refers to
excess accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema), while third spacing occurs when fluid
accumulates in areas that normally have no fluid or only a minimal amount of fluid.
Define the acronym SBAR. ✔Correct Answer-SBAR stands for: S=Situation, B=Background,
A=Assessment, R=Recommendation.
What are the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction? ✔Correct Answer-Signs and
symptoms of a transfusion reaction include: increased intraoperative bleeding, hyperthermia,
weak pulse, hypotension, visible hemoglobinuria, vasomotor instability, and greatly decreased
or no urinary output.
Define the term intracellular fluids. ✔Correct Answer-Intracellular fluids (ICFs) are liquids
within cell membranes that contain dissolved substances essential to fluid and electrolyte
balance and metabolism. These substances comprise 70% of the body's fluid.
Define the term osmosis. ✔Correct Answer-Osmosis is the movement of a fluid through a
semipermeable membrane from a solution that has a lower solute concentration to one that
has a higher solute concentration.
List the minimum information needed for a surgical specimen identification. ✔Correct
Answer-Information needed for a surgical specimen includes: correct patient name and
identification number, specific origin of the specimen, and laterality (e.g., Jane Doe, 100001,
right breast biopsy).
