Psych 381 Midterm 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, European mental hospitals humiliated mentally ill patients by
- CORRECT ANSWER exhibiting their conditions to the public for a fee
Philippe Pinel was instrumental in the moral treatment of the mentally ill in _____. - CORRECT ANSWER France
Which ancient text on abnormal behavior is the oldest? - CORRECT ANSWER Kahun Papyrus
Philippe Pinel, a leader in the moral treatment movement, ordered that the chains be removed from patients because he
believed that - CORRECT ANSWER The patients' health could be improved by restoring their dignity and
tranquility
In the twelfth century, in the Belgian town of _____, townspeople regularly took into their homes the mentally ill visiting
the shrine of Saint Dymphna for cures. - CORRECT ANSWER Gheel
Prior to the eleventh century, which of the following was most often seen as the cause of bizarre behavior? - CORRECT
ANSWER Severe emotional shock
_____ noted that, throughout history, societies have labeled individuals and groups abnormal in order to justify
controlling or silencing them - CORRECT ANSWER Thomas Szasz
Xia has been feeling sad and lonely over the last several days. According to ancient Chinese medical philosophy, Xia's
mood is likely the result of - CORRECT ANSWER Vital air flowing on the lungs
The Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem, in London, earned which nickname for its deplorable conditions? - CORRECT
ANSWER Bedlam
Which of the following ancient Greeks argued that madness arose when the rational mind was overcome by impulse,
passion, or appetite? - CORRECT ANSWER Plato
Which of the following statements is true about the diathesis-stress model of the development of disorders? - CORRECT
ANSWER The vulnerability can be biological, psychological, or social, and a stressor causes the disorder to
manifest.
Family systems therapies may be particularly appropriate in the treatment of _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Children
Biochemicals that carry impulses from one neuron to another in the brain and in other parts of the nervous system are
called _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Neurotransmitters
Carl Jung referred to the wisdom accumulated by a society over hundreds of years of human existence that is stored in the
memories of individuals as the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Collective unconscious
_____ focuses on difficulties in managing negative emotions and in controlling impulsive behaviors. - CORRECT
ANSWER Dialectical behavior therapy
Which of the following is a criticism leveled against the biological approach to abnormality? - CORRECT
ANSWER It often ignores the fact that environmental and psychological processes can affect biological functioning
Cognitive theories focus on ______. - CORRECT ANSWER thoughts and beliefs
The correct sequential order for Freud's psychosexual stages is: - CORRECT ANSWER Oral, anal, phallic, latency,
and genital
, Which of the following best defines a theory? - CORRECT ANSWER A theory is a set of ideas that provides a
framework for asking questions about a phenomenon and for gathering and interpreting information about that
phenomenon.
When the initial neuron releasing a neurotransmitter into the synapse reabsorbs some of the neurotransmitter and thereby
decreases the amount of neurotransmitter left in the synapse, the process is called _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Reuptake
Which of the following terms is used to describe a method of comparing an individual's score on an intelligence test with
the performance of individuals of the same age group? - CORRECT ANSWER IQ tests
The process of gathering information about an individual's symptoms and the possible causes of these symptoms is
referred to as _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Assessment
Cynthia wants to become a police officer. Applicants for the police academy must take a battery of tests before
admission. Cynthia took a test that had sentences describing moral and social attitudes, behaviors, psychological states,
and physical conditions. She was also instructed to respond to each sentence with either "true," "false," or "can't say."
Cynthia most likely took the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Intelligence tests are biased in favor: - CORRECT ANSWER Middle and upper-class educated European
Americans
A test that is consistent in measuring what it is supposed to measure is considered to have _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Reliability
Which of the following brain-image techniques can be considered the most effective? - CORRECT
ANSWER Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which statement regarding intelligence tests is incorrect? - CORRECT ANSWER Several "culture-fair" tests exist,
but they are so expensive to administer that psychologists rarely use them.
The current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): - CORRECT
ANSWER Incorporates a continuum perspective on disorders
A researcher should expect low test-retest reliability for an anxiety questionnaire that measures: - CORRECT
ANSWER current symptoms
Critics of the Beck Depression Inventory argue that it: - CORRECT ANSWER does not clearly differentiate
between depressive symptoms and general distress related to other disorders.
A factor or characteristic that can vary within an individual or between individuals is known as a(n) _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Variable
Studies designed to test whether a specific therapy—whether it be a psychological therapy or a biological therapy—
reduces psychopathology in individuals who receive it are called _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Therapy outcome
studies
Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee
with others who were participating in the study. However, he received the treatment several weeks into the study. Lee
most likely was part of a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Wait list control group
In human laboratory studies, _____ is considered a primary limitation. - CORRECT ANSWER Generalizability
As part of a research study, Margaret wants to determine if religious environments will influence the consumption of
alcohol among freshmen. She has several hundred freshmen complete her survey. Once the data have been collected, she
analyzes the scores. Which of the following is the dependent variable in this study? - CORRECT
ANSWER Consumption of Alcohol
Questions and CORRECT Answers
During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, European mental hospitals humiliated mentally ill patients by
- CORRECT ANSWER exhibiting their conditions to the public for a fee
Philippe Pinel was instrumental in the moral treatment of the mentally ill in _____. - CORRECT ANSWER France
Which ancient text on abnormal behavior is the oldest? - CORRECT ANSWER Kahun Papyrus
Philippe Pinel, a leader in the moral treatment movement, ordered that the chains be removed from patients because he
believed that - CORRECT ANSWER The patients' health could be improved by restoring their dignity and
tranquility
In the twelfth century, in the Belgian town of _____, townspeople regularly took into their homes the mentally ill visiting
the shrine of Saint Dymphna for cures. - CORRECT ANSWER Gheel
Prior to the eleventh century, which of the following was most often seen as the cause of bizarre behavior? - CORRECT
ANSWER Severe emotional shock
_____ noted that, throughout history, societies have labeled individuals and groups abnormal in order to justify
controlling or silencing them - CORRECT ANSWER Thomas Szasz
Xia has been feeling sad and lonely over the last several days. According to ancient Chinese medical philosophy, Xia's
mood is likely the result of - CORRECT ANSWER Vital air flowing on the lungs
The Hospital of Saint Mary of Bethlehem, in London, earned which nickname for its deplorable conditions? - CORRECT
ANSWER Bedlam
Which of the following ancient Greeks argued that madness arose when the rational mind was overcome by impulse,
passion, or appetite? - CORRECT ANSWER Plato
Which of the following statements is true about the diathesis-stress model of the development of disorders? - CORRECT
ANSWER The vulnerability can be biological, psychological, or social, and a stressor causes the disorder to
manifest.
Family systems therapies may be particularly appropriate in the treatment of _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Children
Biochemicals that carry impulses from one neuron to another in the brain and in other parts of the nervous system are
called _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Neurotransmitters
Carl Jung referred to the wisdom accumulated by a society over hundreds of years of human existence that is stored in the
memories of individuals as the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Collective unconscious
_____ focuses on difficulties in managing negative emotions and in controlling impulsive behaviors. - CORRECT
ANSWER Dialectical behavior therapy
Which of the following is a criticism leveled against the biological approach to abnormality? - CORRECT
ANSWER It often ignores the fact that environmental and psychological processes can affect biological functioning
Cognitive theories focus on ______. - CORRECT ANSWER thoughts and beliefs
The correct sequential order for Freud's psychosexual stages is: - CORRECT ANSWER Oral, anal, phallic, latency,
and genital
, Which of the following best defines a theory? - CORRECT ANSWER A theory is a set of ideas that provides a
framework for asking questions about a phenomenon and for gathering and interpreting information about that
phenomenon.
When the initial neuron releasing a neurotransmitter into the synapse reabsorbs some of the neurotransmitter and thereby
decreases the amount of neurotransmitter left in the synapse, the process is called _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Reuptake
Which of the following terms is used to describe a method of comparing an individual's score on an intelligence test with
the performance of individuals of the same age group? - CORRECT ANSWER IQ tests
The process of gathering information about an individual's symptoms and the possible causes of these symptoms is
referred to as _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Assessment
Cynthia wants to become a police officer. Applicants for the police academy must take a battery of tests before
admission. Cynthia took a test that had sentences describing moral and social attitudes, behaviors, psychological states,
and physical conditions. She was also instructed to respond to each sentence with either "true," "false," or "can't say."
Cynthia most likely took the _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Intelligence tests are biased in favor: - CORRECT ANSWER Middle and upper-class educated European
Americans
A test that is consistent in measuring what it is supposed to measure is considered to have _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Reliability
Which of the following brain-image techniques can be considered the most effective? - CORRECT
ANSWER Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which statement regarding intelligence tests is incorrect? - CORRECT ANSWER Several "culture-fair" tests exist,
but they are so expensive to administer that psychologists rarely use them.
The current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): - CORRECT
ANSWER Incorporates a continuum perspective on disorders
A researcher should expect low test-retest reliability for an anxiety questionnaire that measures: - CORRECT
ANSWER current symptoms
Critics of the Beck Depression Inventory argue that it: - CORRECT ANSWER does not clearly differentiate
between depressive symptoms and general distress related to other disorders.
A factor or characteristic that can vary within an individual or between individuals is known as a(n) _____. - CORRECT
ANSWER Variable
Studies designed to test whether a specific therapy—whether it be a psychological therapy or a biological therapy—
reduces psychopathology in individuals who receive it are called _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Therapy outcome
studies
Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee
with others who were participating in the study. However, he received the treatment several weeks into the study. Lee
most likely was part of a(n) _____. - CORRECT ANSWER Wait list control group
In human laboratory studies, _____ is considered a primary limitation. - CORRECT ANSWER Generalizability
As part of a research study, Margaret wants to determine if religious environments will influence the consumption of
alcohol among freshmen. She has several hundred freshmen complete her survey. Once the data have been collected, she
analyzes the scores. Which of the following is the dependent variable in this study? - CORRECT
ANSWER Consumption of Alcohol
