AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY CHAPTER
12 INDUSTRY AND SERVICES
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
◉ Business Services. Answer: Services that primarily meet the needs of
other businesses.
◉ Central Business District (CBD). Answer: The area of the city where
retail and office activities are clustered.
◉ Central Place. Answer: A market center for the exchange of services
by people attracted from the surrounding area.
◉ Central Place Theory. Answer: A theory that explains the distribution
of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market
areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than
smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people
who are willing to travel farther.
◉ City-State. Answer: A sovereign state comprising a city and its
immediate hinterland.
12 INDUSTRY AND SERVICES
STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS
◉ Business Services. Answer: Services that primarily meet the needs of
other businesses.
◉ Central Business District (CBD). Answer: The area of the city where
retail and office activities are clustered.
◉ Central Place. Answer: A market center for the exchange of services
by people attracted from the surrounding area.
◉ Central Place Theory. Answer: A theory that explains the distribution
of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market
areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than
smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people
who are willing to travel farther.
◉ City-State. Answer: A sovereign state comprising a city and its
immediate hinterland.
