ISCD Exam UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Total body scan analysis - CORRECT ANSWER WHO T-score classification does not apply
cancellous bone (spongy bone) - CORRECT ANSWER Spine, ultradistal radius, calcaneus
Lost first in post menopausal women
cortical bone - CORRECT ANSWER compact bone — femoral neck, 1/3 radius, total body
Affected first by hyperparathyroisism, esp wrist
Measurement sites in kids - CORRECT ANSWER 4-16 total body or body minus head
> 16 hip & spine
Mixed bone - CORRECT ANSWER Total hip, trochanter, phalanges
Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER Fragility fracture (standing height or less)
Hip fracture
Vertebral, proximal humerus, or pelvis fx + osteopenia
Incidental vertebral fox
BMD </= -2.5
FRAX >/= 3 or 20
T-score - CORRECT ANSWER BMD patient - BMD young normal mean reference / SD young
normal mean reference
Z-score - CORRECT ANSWER BMD patient - BMD age matched mean reference / SD age
matched mean reference
Normal BMD child - CORRECT ANSWER Z-score > -2
, T-score calculation database - CORRECT ANSWER Hip: NHANES female Caucasian
Spine: manufacturer female Caucasian
Race adjustment and osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER T-score NO
Z-score YES
Osteoporosis in kids - CORRECT ANSWER Low BMD AND fracture
Fractures: vertebral, single LEs, two UEs
Non DXA T-scores - CORRECT ANSWER QCT hip and femoral neck only allowed
How much bone strength is predicted by BMD? - CORRECT ANSWER 60-80%
absolute risk - CORRECT ANSWER Number of people who develop a disease/number of
people at risk
Relative Risk (RR) - CORRECT ANSWER Ratio of absolute risk in 2 groups
Ex. Absolute risk of fracture in smokers / absolute risk in nonsmokers = relative risk of fracture in
smokers
Risk of vertebral fracture for future vertebral fractures - CORRECT ANSWER 20% 1-3 yrs
Risk of contralateral hip fracture after hip fx - CORRECT ANSWER 29% in 5 yrs
5 year risk of fracture after any fx - CORRECT ANSWER Forearm: 15% males, 20% females
Vertebral: 18% males, 33% females
Risk factors for fracture independent of BMD - CORRECT ANSWER Low BMI
Prior fx
CORRECT ANSWERS
Total body scan analysis - CORRECT ANSWER WHO T-score classification does not apply
cancellous bone (spongy bone) - CORRECT ANSWER Spine, ultradistal radius, calcaneus
Lost first in post menopausal women
cortical bone - CORRECT ANSWER compact bone — femoral neck, 1/3 radius, total body
Affected first by hyperparathyroisism, esp wrist
Measurement sites in kids - CORRECT ANSWER 4-16 total body or body minus head
> 16 hip & spine
Mixed bone - CORRECT ANSWER Total hip, trochanter, phalanges
Osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER Fragility fracture (standing height or less)
Hip fracture
Vertebral, proximal humerus, or pelvis fx + osteopenia
Incidental vertebral fox
BMD </= -2.5
FRAX >/= 3 or 20
T-score - CORRECT ANSWER BMD patient - BMD young normal mean reference / SD young
normal mean reference
Z-score - CORRECT ANSWER BMD patient - BMD age matched mean reference / SD age
matched mean reference
Normal BMD child - CORRECT ANSWER Z-score > -2
, T-score calculation database - CORRECT ANSWER Hip: NHANES female Caucasian
Spine: manufacturer female Caucasian
Race adjustment and osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER T-score NO
Z-score YES
Osteoporosis in kids - CORRECT ANSWER Low BMD AND fracture
Fractures: vertebral, single LEs, two UEs
Non DXA T-scores - CORRECT ANSWER QCT hip and femoral neck only allowed
How much bone strength is predicted by BMD? - CORRECT ANSWER 60-80%
absolute risk - CORRECT ANSWER Number of people who develop a disease/number of
people at risk
Relative Risk (RR) - CORRECT ANSWER Ratio of absolute risk in 2 groups
Ex. Absolute risk of fracture in smokers / absolute risk in nonsmokers = relative risk of fracture in
smokers
Risk of vertebral fracture for future vertebral fractures - CORRECT ANSWER 20% 1-3 yrs
Risk of contralateral hip fracture after hip fx - CORRECT ANSWER 29% in 5 yrs
5 year risk of fracture after any fx - CORRECT ANSWER Forearm: 15% males, 20% females
Vertebral: 18% males, 33% females
Risk factors for fracture independent of BMD - CORRECT ANSWER Low BMI
Prior fx
