Paramedic Entry Test Complete Study Guide
and Practice Exam Questions and Answers
Latest 2026 Sure Pass!!!
An (ITD) is a medical device used
in CPR and advanced cardiac life
support to help improve
circulation during cardiac arrest.
The ITD works by increasing
venous return to the heart during
chest compressions, ultimately
improving cardiac output and
potentially increasing the
chances of successful defibrillation.
EX ResQPod Key Features of ITDs:
Impedance threshold device (ITD) · Attachability: ITDs are often
attached to an
endotracheal tube or used in
combination with a bag-valve mask.
· Negative Pressure: They generate
negative
pressure during chest compression
recoil, which enhances venous
return to the heart.
· Portable: Most ITDs are lightweight
and
portable, making them suitable for
emergency care and prehospital
settings.
· Improvement in Circulatory Support:
The
primary goal is to increase blood
return to the heart, improve cardiac
output, and increase
coronary perfusion pressure, all
of which can improve survival
, and neurological outcomes after
cardiac arrest.
This common method is for
estimating TBSA in adults.
· Head and neck: 9%
· Each arm: 9% (total of 18% for both
Rule of 9s arms)
· Each leg: 18% (total of 36% for both
legs)
· Front of the torso: 18%
· Back of the torso: 18%
· Genital area: 1%
, Epidermal damage only, Localized
First Degree Burns redness, edema (swelling), and
pain. Common causes are
sunburns and mild scalds
Epidermis and upper dermis are
Second Degree Burns damaged, skin is red with blisters.
Common causes are hot
liquids and brief flame contatct.
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
layer affected. Charred, leathery,
Third degree burns
white and dry appearance.
Common causes are prolonged
flame contact and electrical burns.
Extends to muscles, tendons, and
Fourth degree burns bones. Charred deep tissue
destruction. Severe electrical
burns and severe flame contact.
mediate the effects of
catecholamines such as
Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors norephinephrine and epinephrine.
are part of the autonomic nervous
system and play critical roles in the
sympathetic nervous
system (flight or fright)
Which Receptor effects this
location? Vascular smooth
a1 Receptor muscle, bladder, eye
Effects - vasoconstricton, increased
blood
pressure, pupil dilation, bladder
contraction
, These drugs activate the α1
receptors, which
usually results in vasoconstriction
(narrowing of blood vessels) and
other effects like increased blood
α1 Agonists pressure or pupil dilation.
Midodrine: Used to treat orthostatic
hypotension (low blood pressure
when
standing), it constricts blood
vessels to raise blood pressure.
Methoxamine: Sometimes used as
a vasopressor to increase blood
pressure in acute hypotensive
states.
α1 Antagonists These medications block the
action of norepinephrine and
epinephrine on α1
receptors, leading to vasodilation
(widening of blood vessels),
decreased blood pressure, and
other effects like relaxation of
smooth muscle in the prostate.
and Practice Exam Questions and Answers
Latest 2026 Sure Pass!!!
An (ITD) is a medical device used
in CPR and advanced cardiac life
support to help improve
circulation during cardiac arrest.
The ITD works by increasing
venous return to the heart during
chest compressions, ultimately
improving cardiac output and
potentially increasing the
chances of successful defibrillation.
EX ResQPod Key Features of ITDs:
Impedance threshold device (ITD) · Attachability: ITDs are often
attached to an
endotracheal tube or used in
combination with a bag-valve mask.
· Negative Pressure: They generate
negative
pressure during chest compression
recoil, which enhances venous
return to the heart.
· Portable: Most ITDs are lightweight
and
portable, making them suitable for
emergency care and prehospital
settings.
· Improvement in Circulatory Support:
The
primary goal is to increase blood
return to the heart, improve cardiac
output, and increase
coronary perfusion pressure, all
of which can improve survival
, and neurological outcomes after
cardiac arrest.
This common method is for
estimating TBSA in adults.
· Head and neck: 9%
· Each arm: 9% (total of 18% for both
Rule of 9s arms)
· Each leg: 18% (total of 36% for both
legs)
· Front of the torso: 18%
· Back of the torso: 18%
· Genital area: 1%
, Epidermal damage only, Localized
First Degree Burns redness, edema (swelling), and
pain. Common causes are
sunburns and mild scalds
Epidermis and upper dermis are
Second Degree Burns damaged, skin is red with blisters.
Common causes are hot
liquids and brief flame contatct.
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
layer affected. Charred, leathery,
Third degree burns
white and dry appearance.
Common causes are prolonged
flame contact and electrical burns.
Extends to muscles, tendons, and
Fourth degree burns bones. Charred deep tissue
destruction. Severe electrical
burns and severe flame contact.
mediate the effects of
catecholamines such as
Alpha and beta adrenergic receptors norephinephrine and epinephrine.
are part of the autonomic nervous
system and play critical roles in the
sympathetic nervous
system (flight or fright)
Which Receptor effects this
location? Vascular smooth
a1 Receptor muscle, bladder, eye
Effects - vasoconstricton, increased
blood
pressure, pupil dilation, bladder
contraction
, These drugs activate the α1
receptors, which
usually results in vasoconstriction
(narrowing of blood vessels) and
other effects like increased blood
α1 Agonists pressure or pupil dilation.
Midodrine: Used to treat orthostatic
hypotension (low blood pressure
when
standing), it constricts blood
vessels to raise blood pressure.
Methoxamine: Sometimes used as
a vasopressor to increase blood
pressure in acute hypotensive
states.
α1 Antagonists These medications block the
action of norepinephrine and
epinephrine on α1
receptors, leading to vasodilation
(widening of blood vessels),
decreased blood pressure, and
other effects like relaxation of
smooth muscle in the prostate.
