Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology
Finals UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
physiologic jaundice A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level
and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released
during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen Ans: B- peroxisomes
peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
,Contain organelles and complex internal membranes The difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in
ATP production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which
destroys the infrastructure
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of
scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the
nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell
death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across
move into the cell because: the cell membrane
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water
move into the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot
function because of a decrease in adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls
additional sodium across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to
maintain it outside of the cell
Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell Which of the following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
, Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people Ans: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water
repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than
those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher
than thos of lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not
function effectively
Epigenetic modifications What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only
one of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template Transcription is best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
nondisjunction error What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
klinefelter A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called _______ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
autosomal recessive Cystic fibrosis is caused by an ____________gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
Finals UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
physiologic jaundice A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level
and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
Lysosomes Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released
during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen Ans: B- peroxisomes
peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove hydrogen
atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
,Contain organelles and complex internal membranes The difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes:
a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in
ATP production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which
destroys the infrastructure
Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
Which statement is a description of one of the Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of
scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the
nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell
death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across
move into the cell because: the cell membrane
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water
move into the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot
function because of a decrease in adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls
additional sodium across the cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to
maintain it outside of the cell
Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell Which of the following is function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
, Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people Ans: A- adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water
repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than
those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher
than thos of lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not
function effectively
Epigenetic modifications What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only
one of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template Transcription is best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
nondisjunction error What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
klinefelter A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called _______ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
autosomal recessive Cystic fibrosis is caused by an ____________gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
