Page 1 of 121
NEWEST NURSING FUNDAMENTALS FINAL
EXAM 2026/2027 AND A NEW UPDATED
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED
1. A nurse is caring for a patient on contact precautions
for Clostridioides difficile. Which action is most important?
A. Wear an N95 respirator
B. Use alcohol-based hand rub before leaving the room
C. Perform hand hygiene with soap and water after removing
gloves
D. Place the patient in a negative-pressure room
,Page 2 of 121
Answer: C
Rationale: C. diff spores are not killed by alcohol-based hand
rub; soap and water are required. A: N95 is for airborne
precautions. B: Alcohol rub is ineffective. D: Negative pressure
is for airborne diseases (TB, measles).
2. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which sequence demonstrates proper aseptic technique?
A. Open sterile kit, apply sterile gloves, cleanse perineum,
insert catheter
B. Apply clean gloves, cleanse perineum, remove gloves,
perform hand hygiene, open kit, apply sterile gloves, insert
C. Perform hand hygiene, apply sterile gloves, open kit,
cleanse perineum
D. Apply clean gloves, open sterile kit, apply sterile gloves,
cleanse perineum
Answer: B
Rationale: Correct sequence: clean gloves for initial cleaning
,Page 3 of 121
(prevents contaminating sterile field), remove dirty gloves,
hand hygiene, then sterile gloves and sterile field. A misses
initial cleaning. C misses clean glove step. D opens kit before
sterile gloves – risk of contamination.
3. A patient falls while attempting to walk to the bathroom
without call light use. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Complete an incident report
B. Assess the patient for injury
C. Notify the physician
D. Place a fall risk sign on the door
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment of patient’s condition (injury, vitals,
neuro status) is always first. Then notify provider, document,
complete incident report, and update fall precautions.
4. (SATA) Which patients are at highest risk for falls?
A. 78-year-old with history of stroke and unsteady gait
B. 45-year-old post-op day 1 from knee surgery receiving
, Page 4 of 121
opioids
C. 30-year-old with migraine and normal gait
D. 60-year-old with urinary frequency and taking
antihypertensives
E. 22-year-old athlete with ankle sprain on crutches
Answers: A, B, D
Rationale: A – age, stroke, gait issues; B – opioids cause
sedation/dizziness; D – urinary frequency (needs to get up
often) + antihypertensives cause orthostatic hypotension. C –
no high risk. E – crutches may increase risk but less than A/B/D.
5. A nurse is applying restraints to a confused patient pulling
at IV lines. Which action is essential?
A. Tie restraints to the side rail
B. Remove restraints every 2 hours for range of motion
C. Obtain a PRN order for restraints
D. Apply tightly to prevent slipping
NEWEST NURSING FUNDAMENTALS FINAL
EXAM 2026/2027 AND A NEW UPDATED
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE ACCURATE
QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED
1. A nurse is caring for a patient on contact precautions
for Clostridioides difficile. Which action is most important?
A. Wear an N95 respirator
B. Use alcohol-based hand rub before leaving the room
C. Perform hand hygiene with soap and water after removing
gloves
D. Place the patient in a negative-pressure room
,Page 2 of 121
Answer: C
Rationale: C. diff spores are not killed by alcohol-based hand
rub; soap and water are required. A: N95 is for airborne
precautions. B: Alcohol rub is ineffective. D: Negative pressure
is for airborne diseases (TB, measles).
2. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which sequence demonstrates proper aseptic technique?
A. Open sterile kit, apply sterile gloves, cleanse perineum,
insert catheter
B. Apply clean gloves, cleanse perineum, remove gloves,
perform hand hygiene, open kit, apply sterile gloves, insert
C. Perform hand hygiene, apply sterile gloves, open kit,
cleanse perineum
D. Apply clean gloves, open sterile kit, apply sterile gloves,
cleanse perineum
Answer: B
Rationale: Correct sequence: clean gloves for initial cleaning
,Page 3 of 121
(prevents contaminating sterile field), remove dirty gloves,
hand hygiene, then sterile gloves and sterile field. A misses
initial cleaning. C misses clean glove step. D opens kit before
sterile gloves – risk of contamination.
3. A patient falls while attempting to walk to the bathroom
without call light use. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Complete an incident report
B. Assess the patient for injury
C. Notify the physician
D. Place a fall risk sign on the door
Answer: B
Rationale: Assessment of patient’s condition (injury, vitals,
neuro status) is always first. Then notify provider, document,
complete incident report, and update fall precautions.
4. (SATA) Which patients are at highest risk for falls?
A. 78-year-old with history of stroke and unsteady gait
B. 45-year-old post-op day 1 from knee surgery receiving
, Page 4 of 121
opioids
C. 30-year-old with migraine and normal gait
D. 60-year-old with urinary frequency and taking
antihypertensives
E. 22-year-old athlete with ankle sprain on crutches
Answers: A, B, D
Rationale: A – age, stroke, gait issues; B – opioids cause
sedation/dizziness; D – urinary frequency (needs to get up
often) + antihypertensives cause orthostatic hypotension. C –
no high risk. E – crutches may increase risk but less than A/B/D.
5. A nurse is applying restraints to a confused patient pulling
at IV lines. Which action is essential?
A. Tie restraints to the side rail
B. Remove restraints every 2 hours for range of motion
C. Obtain a PRN order for restraints
D. Apply tightly to prevent slipping
