APHY 101 IVY TECH COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Which of the following best describes the reaction NaNO3 + HCl → HNO3
+ NaCl?.
Answer: exchange reaction
• The function of the association area in the frontal lobe is.
Answer: higher intellectual processes, such as reasoning and judgment.
• Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by __________ and it __________..
Answer: choroid plexuses in the ventricles; protects the brain from blows to
the skull
• The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the __________ ,
whereas the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the
__________ ..
Answer: cytoplasm without O2 required; mitochondria with O2 required
• cell theory.
Answer: cells are the structural and functional unit of life and cells come
from pre-existing cells
• A pole vaulter keeps track of his position in mid-air through.
Answer: proprioceptors
• Epithelial tissue functions in.
Answer: secretion, absorption, and protection.
• Receptors for the special senses are found.
Answer: primarily in the head
• 3 major parts of a cell.
Answer: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
,• plasma membrane.
Answer: a phospholipid bilayer that creates a barrier between the inside of a
cell (intracellular fluid) and the exterior (extracellular fluid); acts in
transporting substances into or out of the cell; externally facing proteins acts
as receptors, transport proteins, and in cell-to-cell recognition
• Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct
sequence?.
Answer: Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
• organelles in cytoplasm.
Answer: Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, centrosome,
lysosome, vesicles, peroxisomes
• Epidermis is __________, whereas dermis is __________..
Answer: composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue; composed of
connective tissue, smooth muscle, and nerve cell processes
• mitochondrion.
Answer: Powerhouse of the cell; organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production (cellular respiration); double-membrane structure; contains own
DNA and ribosomes
• Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury
because.
Answer: chondrocytes do not have direct blood supplies.
• golgi apparatus.
Answer: Stack of flattened membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and
packages proteins created in the endoplasmic reticulum; segregates proteins
for secretion from the cell, inclusion in lysosomes, and incorporation into
the plasma membrane
• lysosomes.
Answer: membranous sacs filled with hydrolytic enzymes used to break
down or digest materials that are excreted or recycled
, • smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: network of interconnected membranes forming channels within the
cell that are free of ribosomes; contains enzymes that function to produce
transport vesicles, synthesize of lipids and steroids, detoxify substances,
regulate cellular calcium levels
• rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: system of membranes enclosing cisterns and coiling through the
cytoplasm; appears rough due to the presence of ribosomes which
manufacture all proteins secreted from cells; functions to attach sugar
groups to proteins in the cisterns, proteins are bound to vesicles for transport
to the golgi apparatus and other sites, external face synthesize phospholipids
• peroxisomes.
Answer: membranous sacs of catalase and oxidase enzymes; detoxify
substances; most important enzyme is catalase for breaking down hydrogen
peroxide; eliminates free radicals
• cytoskeleton.
Answer: provides structural framework of the cell and gives it shape;
consists of protein microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and
microtubules; resists mechanical forces (compression and pulling apart)
• centrosome.
Answer: specialized zone of cytoplasm close to the nucleus where
microtubule formation occurs (contains two centrioles which are normally
oriented perpendicular to each other)
• Most of the joints between the short bones in the ankle and wrist are.
Answer: plane joints
• The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of
posture, and production of body heat..
Answer: true
• Chemistry deals with.
Answer: the composition and changes of substances that make up living as
STUDY GUIDE 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
• Which of the following best describes the reaction NaNO3 + HCl → HNO3
+ NaCl?.
Answer: exchange reaction
• The function of the association area in the frontal lobe is.
Answer: higher intellectual processes, such as reasoning and judgment.
• Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by __________ and it __________..
Answer: choroid plexuses in the ventricles; protects the brain from blows to
the skull
• The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the __________ ,
whereas the aerobic reactions of cellular respiration occur in the
__________ ..
Answer: cytoplasm without O2 required; mitochondria with O2 required
• cell theory.
Answer: cells are the structural and functional unit of life and cells come
from pre-existing cells
• A pole vaulter keeps track of his position in mid-air through.
Answer: proprioceptors
• Epithelial tissue functions in.
Answer: secretion, absorption, and protection.
• Receptors for the special senses are found.
Answer: primarily in the head
• 3 major parts of a cell.
Answer: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
,• plasma membrane.
Answer: a phospholipid bilayer that creates a barrier between the inside of a
cell (intracellular fluid) and the exterior (extracellular fluid); acts in
transporting substances into or out of the cell; externally facing proteins acts
as receptors, transport proteins, and in cell-to-cell recognition
• Which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct
sequence?.
Answer: Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
• organelles in cytoplasm.
Answer: Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, centrosome,
lysosome, vesicles, peroxisomes
• Epidermis is __________, whereas dermis is __________..
Answer: composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue; composed of
connective tissue, smooth muscle, and nerve cell processes
• mitochondrion.
Answer: Powerhouse of the cell; organelle that is the site of ATP (energy)
production (cellular respiration); double-membrane structure; contains own
DNA and ribosomes
• Cartilage tissues are likely to be slow in healing following an injury
because.
Answer: chondrocytes do not have direct blood supplies.
• golgi apparatus.
Answer: Stack of flattened membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and
packages proteins created in the endoplasmic reticulum; segregates proteins
for secretion from the cell, inclusion in lysosomes, and incorporation into
the plasma membrane
• lysosomes.
Answer: membranous sacs filled with hydrolytic enzymes used to break
down or digest materials that are excreted or recycled
, • smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: network of interconnected membranes forming channels within the
cell that are free of ribosomes; contains enzymes that function to produce
transport vesicles, synthesize of lipids and steroids, detoxify substances,
regulate cellular calcium levels
• rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: system of membranes enclosing cisterns and coiling through the
cytoplasm; appears rough due to the presence of ribosomes which
manufacture all proteins secreted from cells; functions to attach sugar
groups to proteins in the cisterns, proteins are bound to vesicles for transport
to the golgi apparatus and other sites, external face synthesize phospholipids
• peroxisomes.
Answer: membranous sacs of catalase and oxidase enzymes; detoxify
substances; most important enzyme is catalase for breaking down hydrogen
peroxide; eliminates free radicals
• cytoskeleton.
Answer: provides structural framework of the cell and gives it shape;
consists of protein microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and
microtubules; resists mechanical forces (compression and pulling apart)
• centrosome.
Answer: specialized zone of cytoplasm close to the nucleus where
microtubule formation occurs (contains two centrioles which are normally
oriented perpendicular to each other)
• Most of the joints between the short bones in the ankle and wrist are.
Answer: plane joints
• The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of
posture, and production of body heat..
Answer: true
• Chemistry deals with.
Answer: the composition and changes of substances that make up living as
