APHY 101 IVY TECH FINAL STUDY PAPER
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
●● Physiology. Answer: Concerns the function of the body, in other
words, how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining
activities. Often focuses on cellular and molecular level.
●● Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy. Answer: Study of large body
structures visible to naked eye (ex: heart, lungs, kidneys).
●● Regional Anatomy. Answer: All structures in a particular region of
the body, ex: abdomen, leg
●● Systemic Antomy. Answer: Body structure is studied system by
system, ex: cardiovascular system, you would examine the heart and
blood vessels of the entire body.
●● Microscopic Anatomy. Answer: Deals with structures too small to be
seen with the naked eye.
●● Cytology. Answer: Studies cells of the body.
,●● Histology. Answer: Studies microscopic tissues of the body.
●● Developmental Anatomy. Answer: Traces structural changes that
occur throughout the life span.
●● Embryology. Answer: Subdivision of developmental anatomy,
concerns developmental changes that occur before birth.
●● Principle of complementarity of structure and function. Answer:
Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always
reflects structure. What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
●● Levels of structural organization. Answer: -chemical
-cellular
-tissue
-organ
-organ system
-organismal
●● Chemical Level. Answer: Simplest level of structural hierarchy.
Atoms, tiny building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules.
Molecules combine to form organelles, basic components of the
microscopic cells.
, ●● Cellular Level. Answer: Cells are the smallest units of living things.
All cells have some common functions, but individual cells vary widely
in size and shape. Cells are made up of molecules.
●● Tissue Level. Answer: The simplest living creatures are single cells,
but in complex organisms such as human beings, the hierarchy continues
on to the tissue level. Tissues consist of similar types of cells.
●● Four basic tissue types. Answer: -epithelium (covers body surface
and protects organs)
-muscle (provides movement)
-connective (supports and protects organs)
-nervous (provides rapid internal communication by transmitting
electrical impulses)
●● Organ Level. Answer: Extremely complex functions become
possible at this level. Organs are made up of different types of tissues.
Ex: stomach produce digestive juices to churn and mix food.
●● Organ System Level. Answer: Organs work together to accomplish a
common purpose. Ex: heart and blood vessels circulate blood to carry
oxygen and nutrients to all body cells.
●● Organismal Level. Answer: Highest level of organization, represents
the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive.
2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED
A+
●● Physiology. Answer: Concerns the function of the body, in other
words, how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining
activities. Often focuses on cellular and molecular level.
●● Gross or Macroscopic Anatomy. Answer: Study of large body
structures visible to naked eye (ex: heart, lungs, kidneys).
●● Regional Anatomy. Answer: All structures in a particular region of
the body, ex: abdomen, leg
●● Systemic Antomy. Answer: Body structure is studied system by
system, ex: cardiovascular system, you would examine the heart and
blood vessels of the entire body.
●● Microscopic Anatomy. Answer: Deals with structures too small to be
seen with the naked eye.
●● Cytology. Answer: Studies cells of the body.
,●● Histology. Answer: Studies microscopic tissues of the body.
●● Developmental Anatomy. Answer: Traces structural changes that
occur throughout the life span.
●● Embryology. Answer: Subdivision of developmental anatomy,
concerns developmental changes that occur before birth.
●● Principle of complementarity of structure and function. Answer:
Anatomy and physiology are inseparable because function always
reflects structure. What a structure can do depends on its specific form.
●● Levels of structural organization. Answer: -chemical
-cellular
-tissue
-organ
-organ system
-organismal
●● Chemical Level. Answer: Simplest level of structural hierarchy.
Atoms, tiny building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules.
Molecules combine to form organelles, basic components of the
microscopic cells.
, ●● Cellular Level. Answer: Cells are the smallest units of living things.
All cells have some common functions, but individual cells vary widely
in size and shape. Cells are made up of molecules.
●● Tissue Level. Answer: The simplest living creatures are single cells,
but in complex organisms such as human beings, the hierarchy continues
on to the tissue level. Tissues consist of similar types of cells.
●● Four basic tissue types. Answer: -epithelium (covers body surface
and protects organs)
-muscle (provides movement)
-connective (supports and protects organs)
-nervous (provides rapid internal communication by transmitting
electrical impulses)
●● Organ Level. Answer: Extremely complex functions become
possible at this level. Organs are made up of different types of tissues.
Ex: stomach produce digestive juices to churn and mix food.
●● Organ System Level. Answer: Organs work together to accomplish a
common purpose. Ex: heart and blood vessels circulate blood to carry
oxygen and nutrients to all body cells.
●● Organismal Level. Answer: Highest level of organization, represents
the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive.
