APHY 201 ACTUAL TEST BANK 2026
SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Nerve impulse.
Answer: a signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. It consists of a wave of
electrical depolarization that reverses the potential difference across the
nerve cell membranes. It is the same regardless of the stimulus. aka
action potential
●● Functional Classes of Neurons.
Answer: Grouped by direction in which nerve impulse travels relative to
CNS - Sensory Neurons, Interneurons, or Motor Neurons.
●● General Regions of Neurons.
Answer: Dendrites, Cell Body, and Axon.
●● Dendrites.
Answer: Receptive region of the neuron along with the cell body.
Receive stimuli from the environment or from other neurons. Highly
branched. Typically covered with ligand-gated ion channels. Convey
incoming messages toward cell body as graded potentials (short distance
signals).
,●● Cell Body (Perikaryon).
Answer: Contains the nucleus and other organelles. Biosynthetic center
of neuron that synthesizes proteins, membranes, and other chemicals.
Part of receptive region and can convey graded potentials to axon hillock
due to presence of ligand-gated channels.
●● Axon.
Answer: Carries information away from the cell body and toward other
cells. Can convey action potentials due to the presence of voltage-gated
channels.
●● Axon Hillock.
Answer: Origin of the axon from the cell body.
●● Initial Segment.
Answer: This segment of the axon lies distally adjacent to the axon
hillock. It is where an action potential is initiated due to the presence of
voltage-gated channels.
●● Axon Terminals.
Answer: The axon ends at this terminal, which is also known as synaptic
terminals, where the neuron communicates with other cells. Synaptic
vesicles containing neurotransmitter are present.
, ●● Myelin.
Answer: A membranous wrapping that coats axons and increases the
speed of nerve impulse transmission due to saltatory conduction.
Produced by oligodendrocytes in CNS and Schwann cells in PNS.
●● Nodes of Ranvier.
Answer: The small unmyelinated gaps along the axon that contain
voltage-gated channels.
●● Unmyelinated Axons.
Answer: These axons lack myelin and utilize continuous conduction.
●● Basic principles of electricity.
Answer: Opposite charges attract each other.
Energy is required to separate opposite charges across a membrane, e.g.
Na+/K+ pump.
Energy is liberated when the charges move toward one another.
If opposite charges are separated, the system has potential energy.
●● Voltage.
Answer: is a measure of potential energy generated by separated charge.
Greater charge difference between points = higher voltage.
SOLVED QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Nerve impulse.
Answer: a signal transmitted along a nerve fiber. It consists of a wave of
electrical depolarization that reverses the potential difference across the
nerve cell membranes. It is the same regardless of the stimulus. aka
action potential
●● Functional Classes of Neurons.
Answer: Grouped by direction in which nerve impulse travels relative to
CNS - Sensory Neurons, Interneurons, or Motor Neurons.
●● General Regions of Neurons.
Answer: Dendrites, Cell Body, and Axon.
●● Dendrites.
Answer: Receptive region of the neuron along with the cell body.
Receive stimuli from the environment or from other neurons. Highly
branched. Typically covered with ligand-gated ion channels. Convey
incoming messages toward cell body as graded potentials (short distance
signals).
,●● Cell Body (Perikaryon).
Answer: Contains the nucleus and other organelles. Biosynthetic center
of neuron that synthesizes proteins, membranes, and other chemicals.
Part of receptive region and can convey graded potentials to axon hillock
due to presence of ligand-gated channels.
●● Axon.
Answer: Carries information away from the cell body and toward other
cells. Can convey action potentials due to the presence of voltage-gated
channels.
●● Axon Hillock.
Answer: Origin of the axon from the cell body.
●● Initial Segment.
Answer: This segment of the axon lies distally adjacent to the axon
hillock. It is where an action potential is initiated due to the presence of
voltage-gated channels.
●● Axon Terminals.
Answer: The axon ends at this terminal, which is also known as synaptic
terminals, where the neuron communicates with other cells. Synaptic
vesicles containing neurotransmitter are present.
, ●● Myelin.
Answer: A membranous wrapping that coats axons and increases the
speed of nerve impulse transmission due to saltatory conduction.
Produced by oligodendrocytes in CNS and Schwann cells in PNS.
●● Nodes of Ranvier.
Answer: The small unmyelinated gaps along the axon that contain
voltage-gated channels.
●● Unmyelinated Axons.
Answer: These axons lack myelin and utilize continuous conduction.
●● Basic principles of electricity.
Answer: Opposite charges attract each other.
Energy is required to separate opposite charges across a membrane, e.g.
Na+/K+ pump.
Energy is liberated when the charges move toward one another.
If opposite charges are separated, the system has potential energy.
●● Voltage.
Answer: is a measure of potential energy generated by separated charge.
Greater charge difference between points = higher voltage.
