APHY 201 PRACTICE SOLUTION TEST 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
●● Blood Components.
Answer: Plasma and formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets)
●● Properties of Blood.
Answer: Volume 4-6 liters. Men have another 1-2 liters than women; 8%
of body weight; pH 7.35-7.45
●● Erythrocytes.
Answer: Red blood cells; lower layer of centrifuged blood; 44% of
sample; 4-6 million; most of formed elements
●● Hematocrit.
Answer: Percent of blood volume that is RBCs
47% ± 5% for males; 42% ± 5% for females
●● Formed elements.
Answer: Erythrocytes and buffy coat (leukocytes, platelets)
,●● Plasma.
Answer: Fluid portion of blood. Usually about 55% of whole blood.
●● Serum.
Answer: fluid portion of blood (plasma) with clotting factors removed
●● Buffy Coat.
Answer: Thin, middle layer of white blood cells; <1%
●● Categories of blood function.
Answer: Distribution, regulation, protection
●● Distribution functions of blood.
Answer: Delivering O2 and nutrients to body cells; Transporting
metabolic wastes to lungs and kidneys for elimination;
Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs
●● Regulation functions of blood.
Answer: Maintaining body temperature by absorbing and distributing
heat; Maintaining normal pH using buffers; alkaline reserve of
bicarbonate ions; Maintaining adequate fluid volume in circulatory
system with presence of plasma proteins and sodium
, ●● Protection functions of blood.
Answer: Preventing blood loss due to plasma proteins and platelets
initiating clot formation
Preventing infection due to antibodies, complement proteins, WBCs
●● How does blood regulate pH levels?.
Answer: Blood plasma contains bicarbonate and proteins which act as
buffers that may be used to maintain pH; 7.4 needed for normal
functioning
●● How does the blood regulate body temperature?.
Answer: Plasma absorbs and distributes heat. Blood vessels in dermis
dilate to cool body and to conserve heat.
●● How does blood maintain fluid levels?.
Answer: Exchange fluid between plasma and interstitial fluid limited by
plasma protein osmotic pressure; too much fluid in blood (because of
extra plasma proteins) increases blood pressure; too much fluid in
tissues (because of too few plasma proteins) causes edema. The presence
of the ideal amount of plasma proteins will maintain the correct blood
volume and blood pressure.
●● Blood Diffusion.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
●● Blood Components.
Answer: Plasma and formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets)
●● Properties of Blood.
Answer: Volume 4-6 liters. Men have another 1-2 liters than women; 8%
of body weight; pH 7.35-7.45
●● Erythrocytes.
Answer: Red blood cells; lower layer of centrifuged blood; 44% of
sample; 4-6 million; most of formed elements
●● Hematocrit.
Answer: Percent of blood volume that is RBCs
47% ± 5% for males; 42% ± 5% for females
●● Formed elements.
Answer: Erythrocytes and buffy coat (leukocytes, platelets)
,●● Plasma.
Answer: Fluid portion of blood. Usually about 55% of whole blood.
●● Serum.
Answer: fluid portion of blood (plasma) with clotting factors removed
●● Buffy Coat.
Answer: Thin, middle layer of white blood cells; <1%
●● Categories of blood function.
Answer: Distribution, regulation, protection
●● Distribution functions of blood.
Answer: Delivering O2 and nutrients to body cells; Transporting
metabolic wastes to lungs and kidneys for elimination;
Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs
●● Regulation functions of blood.
Answer: Maintaining body temperature by absorbing and distributing
heat; Maintaining normal pH using buffers; alkaline reserve of
bicarbonate ions; Maintaining adequate fluid volume in circulatory
system with presence of plasma proteins and sodium
, ●● Protection functions of blood.
Answer: Preventing blood loss due to plasma proteins and platelets
initiating clot formation
Preventing infection due to antibodies, complement proteins, WBCs
●● How does blood regulate pH levels?.
Answer: Blood plasma contains bicarbonate and proteins which act as
buffers that may be used to maintain pH; 7.4 needed for normal
functioning
●● How does the blood regulate body temperature?.
Answer: Plasma absorbs and distributes heat. Blood vessels in dermis
dilate to cool body and to conserve heat.
●● How does blood maintain fluid levels?.
Answer: Exchange fluid between plasma and interstitial fluid limited by
plasma protein osmotic pressure; too much fluid in blood (because of
extra plasma proteins) increases blood pressure; too much fluid in
tissues (because of too few plasma proteins) causes edema. The presence
of the ideal amount of plasma proteins will maintain the correct blood
volume and blood pressure.
●● Blood Diffusion.
