NUR 2058 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Nursing 2 Exam 2 Study Guide
[Weeks 3-5]
Allergic Rhinitis: can be seasonal, perennial, or occupational
* Rhinitis = inflammation/irritation of the nasal mucosa (Can be infectious or
noninfectious).
Symptoms:
Rhinorrhea (Nasal Drip), Nasal Congestion, Obstruction, Itchiness, Sneezing.
Noninfectious (allergic/non-allergic)
Medications:
ANTIHISTAMINE- Fexofenadine (Allegra- can be taken daily) & Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
DECONGESTANT- Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed).
Prevention Education:
Remove carpeting (holds on to allergens)
Remove pets from home, or keep them out of the bedrooms.
Wash linens in hot water (kills allergens)
Avoid heat/humidity (use AC in the summer)
Avoid feather pillows.
Avoid cigarette smoke.
Keep windows closed.
Tonsillitis:
Post-Operative Patient Education:
Signs of Hemorrhage (call the MD).
Frank bleeding (Fresh blood).
Extreme nausea and vomiting (Coffee-Ground Emesis).
Excessive swallowing or coughing (Bleeding).
Pain not relieved with medication.
Fever >101.3
Assessment: sore throat, painful swallowing, reddened tonsils
Fractured Rib:
Patient Education:
Patient may splint fractured area when coughing/deep breathing for support.
Chest Tube:
What to do if the system becomes interrupted (tubes become detached):
Clamp it closest to the patient with a Hemostat.
What to do if the tube gets pulled out:
, NUR 2058 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Apply Vaseline gauze over insertion site and tape the dressing down on 3 sides.
Pneumonia: - acute or chronic infection of one or both lungs caused by bacteria or a
virus.
Risk Factors:
Age (<2 years / > 65 years)
Immunocompromised, Diabetes
CHF (Fluid buildup)
Active Malignancies & Chronic Diseases (Sickle Cell Anemia).
Patient Education:
If patient is ventilated, needs oral hygiene every 1-2 hours with Chlorhexidine.
Incentive spirometer every hour while awake & Turn, Cough, Deep Breathing
(Pulmonary Toileting).
Assessment: Chest X Ray - CBC
Cor Pulmonale: (right-sided heart failure) = acute strain of the right ventricle D/T
disorder of the lungs or prolonged HTN in the pulmonary artery.
Patient Education:
Daily weight. Call MD if weight gain is > 2 pounds.
If using oxygen - maintain a low-flow.
Decrease sodium intake - where sodium goes, water follows.
Tuberculosis (TB): chronic infection of the lung d/t Mycobacterium = formation of
tubercles-- (nodules or swelling of lymphocytes and epithelioid cells that form lesions in lung
tissue).
Testing:
PPD or Mantoux skin testing - results are read 48-72 hours after injection.
* Meds: Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin (RIF), Pyrazinamide (PZA), Ethambutol
(EMB)
COPD: inflammation of the respiratory/ lungs. It is a progressive and incompletely
reversible airflow obstruction.
* COPD can breathe in but difficulty with expiration- not all air is released from lungs
Assess:
Three primary symptoms: Cough, Sputum Production, & Dyspnea on Exertion
(DOE).
Orthopneic Position: Uses chest and abdominal muscles to help breathe.
Progressive airflow obstruction leads to hypoxia (88-91%).
Nursing 2 Exam 2 Study Guide
[Weeks 3-5]
Allergic Rhinitis: can be seasonal, perennial, or occupational
* Rhinitis = inflammation/irritation of the nasal mucosa (Can be infectious or
noninfectious).
Symptoms:
Rhinorrhea (Nasal Drip), Nasal Congestion, Obstruction, Itchiness, Sneezing.
Noninfectious (allergic/non-allergic)
Medications:
ANTIHISTAMINE- Fexofenadine (Allegra- can be taken daily) & Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
DECONGESTANT- Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed).
Prevention Education:
Remove carpeting (holds on to allergens)
Remove pets from home, or keep them out of the bedrooms.
Wash linens in hot water (kills allergens)
Avoid heat/humidity (use AC in the summer)
Avoid feather pillows.
Avoid cigarette smoke.
Keep windows closed.
Tonsillitis:
Post-Operative Patient Education:
Signs of Hemorrhage (call the MD).
Frank bleeding (Fresh blood).
Extreme nausea and vomiting (Coffee-Ground Emesis).
Excessive swallowing or coughing (Bleeding).
Pain not relieved with medication.
Fever >101.3
Assessment: sore throat, painful swallowing, reddened tonsils
Fractured Rib:
Patient Education:
Patient may splint fractured area when coughing/deep breathing for support.
Chest Tube:
What to do if the system becomes interrupted (tubes become detached):
Clamp it closest to the patient with a Hemostat.
What to do if the tube gets pulled out:
, NUR 2058 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
Apply Vaseline gauze over insertion site and tape the dressing down on 3 sides.
Pneumonia: - acute or chronic infection of one or both lungs caused by bacteria or a
virus.
Risk Factors:
Age (<2 years / > 65 years)
Immunocompromised, Diabetes
CHF (Fluid buildup)
Active Malignancies & Chronic Diseases (Sickle Cell Anemia).
Patient Education:
If patient is ventilated, needs oral hygiene every 1-2 hours with Chlorhexidine.
Incentive spirometer every hour while awake & Turn, Cough, Deep Breathing
(Pulmonary Toileting).
Assessment: Chest X Ray - CBC
Cor Pulmonale: (right-sided heart failure) = acute strain of the right ventricle D/T
disorder of the lungs or prolonged HTN in the pulmonary artery.
Patient Education:
Daily weight. Call MD if weight gain is > 2 pounds.
If using oxygen - maintain a low-flow.
Decrease sodium intake - where sodium goes, water follows.
Tuberculosis (TB): chronic infection of the lung d/t Mycobacterium = formation of
tubercles-- (nodules or swelling of lymphocytes and epithelioid cells that form lesions in lung
tissue).
Testing:
PPD or Mantoux skin testing - results are read 48-72 hours after injection.
* Meds: Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin (RIF), Pyrazinamide (PZA), Ethambutol
(EMB)
COPD: inflammation of the respiratory/ lungs. It is a progressive and incompletely
reversible airflow obstruction.
* COPD can breathe in but difficulty with expiration- not all air is released from lungs
Assess:
Three primary symptoms: Cough, Sputum Production, & Dyspnea on Exertion
(DOE).
Orthopneic Position: Uses chest and abdominal muscles to help breathe.
Progressive airflow obstruction leads to hypoxia (88-91%).
