PHARMACOLOGY FOR PROFESSIONAL NURSING
NUR2474 FINAL EXAM REVIEW COMPLETE WITH
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. Which types of insulin are usually given before meals?
o A. NPH and Glargine
o B. Regular and NPH
o C. Regular and Lispro (Humalog)
o D. Glargine and Detemir
2. Why is Insulin Glargine (Lantus) typically given at
bedtime?
o A. It peaks in 2-4 hours, covering overnight glucose
needs.
o B. To prevent blood sugar from dropping overnight
(provides basal coverage)
o C. It must be taken with a bedtime snack to be
effective.
o D. To avoid mixing with mealtime insulin.
,3. A patient asks why their Insulin Glargine (Lantus) is given
at bedtime. What is the nurse's best response?
o A. "It works fastest at night when your body is at
rest."
o B. "It prevents the dawn phenomenon where blood
sugar rises in the morning."
o C. "It provides a steady level of insulin throughout
the night to prevent your blood sugar from dropping
while you sleep."
o D. "It must be taken at bedtime to avoid
hypoglycemia after meals."
4. Which type of insulin has the longest duration, CANNOT
be mixed with other insulins, and is sometimes split into
two doses (AM/PM) for elderly patients?
o A. NPH (Humulin N)
o B. Regular (Humulin R)
o C. Insulin Lispro (Humalog)
o D. Insulin Glargine (Lantus)
5. Why is a nurse concerned about a patient taking both a
beta-blocker and insulin?
o A. Beta-blockers increase insulin resistance.
, o B. The combination increases the risk of diabetic
ketoacidosis.
o C. Beta-blockers can mask symptoms of
hypoglycemia (e.g., tachycardia, shakiness).
o D. Beta-blockers decrease the absorption of insulin.
6. A nurse is assessing a patient taking a beta-blocker and
insulin. Which finding should the nurse attribute to
possible hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)
o A. Confusion
o B. Diaphoresis (sweating)
o C. Headache
o D. Tachycardia
o E. Dizziness
7. A patient with diabetes reports feeling shaky, anxious,
and sweaty. Their blood glucose is 55 mg/dL. The patient
is alert and can swallow. What is the nurse's priority
action?
o A. Administer Glucagon IM.
o B. Give 15g of simple carbohydrates (e.g., 4 oz juice).
o C. Call the provider for an order for D50W.
o D. Recheck blood sugar in 30 minutes.
, 8. A patient is unconscious with a blood glucose of 32
mg/dL and has no IV access. Which medication should
the nurse administer?
o A. D50W IV push
o B. Glucagon IM or subcutaneously
o C. Oral glucose gel
o D. Regular insulin IV
9. A patient is taking Glipizide. The nurse understands this
medication lowers blood sugar by which mechanism?
o A. Decreasing glucose production in the liver.
o B. Slowing carbohydrate absorption in the intestine.
o C. Stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin.
o D. Increasing peripheral glucose uptake.
10. A patient with type 2 diabetes for 2 years and no
end-organ damage is likely to be managed with which
classification of medication?
o A. Long-acting insulin only
o B. Oral hypoglycemic agent (e.g., Glipizide or
Metformin)
o C. Inhaled insulin
o D. Amylin analog
NUR2474 FINAL EXAM REVIEW COMPLETE WITH
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
1. Which types of insulin are usually given before meals?
o A. NPH and Glargine
o B. Regular and NPH
o C. Regular and Lispro (Humalog)
o D. Glargine and Detemir
2. Why is Insulin Glargine (Lantus) typically given at
bedtime?
o A. It peaks in 2-4 hours, covering overnight glucose
needs.
o B. To prevent blood sugar from dropping overnight
(provides basal coverage)
o C. It must be taken with a bedtime snack to be
effective.
o D. To avoid mixing with mealtime insulin.
,3. A patient asks why their Insulin Glargine (Lantus) is given
at bedtime. What is the nurse's best response?
o A. "It works fastest at night when your body is at
rest."
o B. "It prevents the dawn phenomenon where blood
sugar rises in the morning."
o C. "It provides a steady level of insulin throughout
the night to prevent your blood sugar from dropping
while you sleep."
o D. "It must be taken at bedtime to avoid
hypoglycemia after meals."
4. Which type of insulin has the longest duration, CANNOT
be mixed with other insulins, and is sometimes split into
two doses (AM/PM) for elderly patients?
o A. NPH (Humulin N)
o B. Regular (Humulin R)
o C. Insulin Lispro (Humalog)
o D. Insulin Glargine (Lantus)
5. Why is a nurse concerned about a patient taking both a
beta-blocker and insulin?
o A. Beta-blockers increase insulin resistance.
, o B. The combination increases the risk of diabetic
ketoacidosis.
o C. Beta-blockers can mask symptoms of
hypoglycemia (e.g., tachycardia, shakiness).
o D. Beta-blockers decrease the absorption of insulin.
6. A nurse is assessing a patient taking a beta-blocker and
insulin. Which finding should the nurse attribute to
possible hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply)
o A. Confusion
o B. Diaphoresis (sweating)
o C. Headache
o D. Tachycardia
o E. Dizziness
7. A patient with diabetes reports feeling shaky, anxious,
and sweaty. Their blood glucose is 55 mg/dL. The patient
is alert and can swallow. What is the nurse's priority
action?
o A. Administer Glucagon IM.
o B. Give 15g of simple carbohydrates (e.g., 4 oz juice).
o C. Call the provider for an order for D50W.
o D. Recheck blood sugar in 30 minutes.
, 8. A patient is unconscious with a blood glucose of 32
mg/dL and has no IV access. Which medication should
the nurse administer?
o A. D50W IV push
o B. Glucagon IM or subcutaneously
o C. Oral glucose gel
o D. Regular insulin IV
9. A patient is taking Glipizide. The nurse understands this
medication lowers blood sugar by which mechanism?
o A. Decreasing glucose production in the liver.
o B. Slowing carbohydrate absorption in the intestine.
o C. Stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin.
o D. Increasing peripheral glucose uptake.
10. A patient with type 2 diabetes for 2 years and no
end-organ damage is likely to be managed with which
classification of medication?
o A. Long-acting insulin only
o B. Oral hypoglycemic agent (e.g., Glipizide or
Metformin)
o C. Inhaled insulin
o D. Amylin analog
