Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
1. Bacteriophages are Viruses
2. What level of protein structure ultimately determines Primary
all the other levels of structure?
3. Golgi apparatus is involved in _______ Receiving and shipping
proteins
4. Why do companies utilize ionizing radiation (like elec- It extends the shelf life of
tron beam) on fruits and vegetables, despite con- the products by destroy-
sumer concerns about potential DNA mutation? ing surface microbes
5. After consuming leftover pasta stored in a refrigera- Cool temperatures make
tor for a week, a person experiences food poisoning. proteins and membranes
Which of the following explains why microbial growth rigid, but some microbes
still occurred, despite the cold temperature? can grow slowly
6. Which early microbiologist thought he had evidence Needham
supporting spontaneous generation?
7. What was the impact of Pasteur's swan neck flask It provided evidence
experiment on the scientific community? against spontaneous gen-
eration, showing that life
does not arise from
non-living matter.
8. What is the best analogy for competitive inhibitors? Stealing a parking spot
9. A bacterial infection has formed a robust biofilm, im- They are dividing and ac-
mune cells are surrounding the biofilm, but the bacte- cumulating until a suffi-
ria inside are not immediately attacking. What strat- cient population size is
egy involving "quorum sensing" are these bacteria reached
likely employing within the biofilm?
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
10. Why is the pressure used in an autoclave setting? It allows water to achieve
a temperature higher than
boiling point
11. During a study of bacteria isolated from deep-sea hy- Basophiles
drothermal vents, scientists notice the microbes can
survive under extreme pressures. What kind of bacte-
ria are these likely to be?
12. Why are endospore vials used to test autoclave func- They are very resistant to
tion? life forms
13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi? Always require a warm en-
vironment to grow
14. What was Aristotles hypothesis regarding the origin Organisms spontaneously
of life, and how was it challenged? generate, which was chal-
lenged by experiments
such as those by Redi and
Pasteur
15. How are bacteria and archaea different from all the They have no nucleus
other unicellular microorganisms?
16. A patient's blood tests reveal consistently high levels LDL will get oxidized, be-
of LDL over an extended period. Despite dietary mod- coming sticky plaque that
ifications, their lifestyle remains relatively sedentary. adheres to blood vessels
Which of the following is the most likely consequence
of prolonged high LDL levels in the bloodstream, as
described in the lecture?
17. What does a cell membrane do? Surrounds and protects
the content of the cell
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
18. A laboratory student carefully isolates and inoculates Its a colony, composed
a single bacterium onto a sterile agar plate. After incu- of millions of genetical-
bation, they observe a circular dot on the plate. What ly identical clones, derived
does this dot represent, and what is its significance? from the original single
bacterium
19. Disinfection can involve both chemical and physical True
methods
20. Dr. Elena Petrova believes a common, chronic skin con- Intentionally exposing
dition is caused by a newly identified bacterium, but herself to the bacterium to
her colleagues remain unconvinced, citing multiple develop the condition
known environmental and genetic factors. To defini-
tively prove her hypothesis, and emulating a famous
Nobel Prize winner (Dr. Marshall), what controversial
action might Dr. Petrova consider?
21. Cellulose and starch are examples of ______ Polysaccharides
22. What is the main function of nucleic acids in the cell? Genetic information stor-
age
23. Which of the following is not a mode of locomotion Budding
used by eukaryotic cells?
24. ________ is where carbohydrates and lipids are manu- Endoplasmic reticulum
factured, and proteins are made.
25. Despite storing a carton of milk in the refrigerator at Certain microbes can sur-
a consistently cold temperature, a home cook finds vive and grow in cold tem-
it spoiled after two weeks. Which statement best ex- peratures
plains why spoilage still occurred even in the cold
environment?
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
26. A chef prepares meat and freezes it slowly before Ice crystals formed, punc-
thawing. Later when the meat is cooked, it is noted turing holes in the cells
to be "chewy" and less flavorful. What physical effect and causing nutrients to
occurred during the slow freezing process that com- leak out
promised the meats texture and nutrient content?
27. A company claims to have developed a revolutionary It's not clearly testable or
new material that can defy gravity. Still, when asked falsifiable within the nat-
for proof, they state that its anti-gravity properties ural world
only manifest when no one is observing it or attempt-
ing to measure its weight. Why would the scientific
community likely struggle to evaluate this claim using
the scientific method?
28. Why is it essential for science to be both testable and To ensure hypotheses can
falsifiable be proven true or false
through experimentation
29. What was significant about Antoni van Leeuwen- He was the first to ob-
hoek's observations through his microscope? serve bacteria, unicellular
organisms
30. The bases of the two DNA chains are linked in the hydrogen
middle of the molecule by ___ bonds.
31. What type of bond links amino acids together in pro- Peptide bond
teins?
32. Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in Mitochondrion
eukaryotic cells
33. The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains__________ Ribosomes, Protein syn-
which is responsible for ____________. thesis
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
1. Bacteriophages are Viruses
2. What level of protein structure ultimately determines Primary
all the other levels of structure?
3. Golgi apparatus is involved in _______ Receiving and shipping
proteins
4. Why do companies utilize ionizing radiation (like elec- It extends the shelf life of
tron beam) on fruits and vegetables, despite con- the products by destroy-
sumer concerns about potential DNA mutation? ing surface microbes
5. After consuming leftover pasta stored in a refrigera- Cool temperatures make
tor for a week, a person experiences food poisoning. proteins and membranes
Which of the following explains why microbial growth rigid, but some microbes
still occurred, despite the cold temperature? can grow slowly
6. Which early microbiologist thought he had evidence Needham
supporting spontaneous generation?
7. What was the impact of Pasteur's swan neck flask It provided evidence
experiment on the scientific community? against spontaneous gen-
eration, showing that life
does not arise from
non-living matter.
8. What is the best analogy for competitive inhibitors? Stealing a parking spot
9. A bacterial infection has formed a robust biofilm, im- They are dividing and ac-
mune cells are surrounding the biofilm, but the bacte- cumulating until a suffi-
ria inside are not immediately attacking. What strat- cient population size is
egy involving "quorum sensing" are these bacteria reached
likely employing within the biofilm?
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
10. Why is the pressure used in an autoclave setting? It allows water to achieve
a temperature higher than
boiling point
11. During a study of bacteria isolated from deep-sea hy- Basophiles
drothermal vents, scientists notice the microbes can
survive under extreme pressures. What kind of bacte-
ria are these likely to be?
12. Why are endospore vials used to test autoclave func- They are very resistant to
tion? life forms
13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi? Always require a warm en-
vironment to grow
14. What was Aristotles hypothesis regarding the origin Organisms spontaneously
of life, and how was it challenged? generate, which was chal-
lenged by experiments
such as those by Redi and
Pasteur
15. How are bacteria and archaea different from all the They have no nucleus
other unicellular microorganisms?
16. A patient's blood tests reveal consistently high levels LDL will get oxidized, be-
of LDL over an extended period. Despite dietary mod- coming sticky plaque that
ifications, their lifestyle remains relatively sedentary. adheres to blood vessels
Which of the following is the most likely consequence
of prolonged high LDL levels in the bloodstream, as
described in the lecture?
17. What does a cell membrane do? Surrounds and protects
the content of the cell
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
18. A laboratory student carefully isolates and inoculates Its a colony, composed
a single bacterium onto a sterile agar plate. After incu- of millions of genetical-
bation, they observe a circular dot on the plate. What ly identical clones, derived
does this dot represent, and what is its significance? from the original single
bacterium
19. Disinfection can involve both chemical and physical True
methods
20. Dr. Elena Petrova believes a common, chronic skin con- Intentionally exposing
dition is caused by a newly identified bacterium, but herself to the bacterium to
her colleagues remain unconvinced, citing multiple develop the condition
known environmental and genetic factors. To defini-
tively prove her hypothesis, and emulating a famous
Nobel Prize winner (Dr. Marshall), what controversial
action might Dr. Petrova consider?
21. Cellulose and starch are examples of ______ Polysaccharides
22. What is the main function of nucleic acids in the cell? Genetic information stor-
age
23. Which of the following is not a mode of locomotion Budding
used by eukaryotic cells?
24. ________ is where carbohydrates and lipids are manu- Endoplasmic reticulum
factured, and proteins are made.
25. Despite storing a carton of milk in the refrigerator at Certain microbes can sur-
a consistently cold temperature, a home cook finds vive and grow in cold tem-
it spoiled after two weeks. Which statement best ex- peratures
plains why spoilage still occurred even in the cold
environment?
, Microbiology Exam 1 Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_iu07gx
26. A chef prepares meat and freezes it slowly before Ice crystals formed, punc-
thawing. Later when the meat is cooked, it is noted turing holes in the cells
to be "chewy" and less flavorful. What physical effect and causing nutrients to
occurred during the slow freezing process that com- leak out
promised the meats texture and nutrient content?
27. A company claims to have developed a revolutionary It's not clearly testable or
new material that can defy gravity. Still, when asked falsifiable within the nat-
for proof, they state that its anti-gravity properties ural world
only manifest when no one is observing it or attempt-
ing to measure its weight. Why would the scientific
community likely struggle to evaluate this claim using
the scientific method?
28. Why is it essential for science to be both testable and To ensure hypotheses can
falsifiable be proven true or false
through experimentation
29. What was significant about Antoni van Leeuwen- He was the first to ob-
hoek's observations through his microscope? serve bacteria, unicellular
organisms
30. The bases of the two DNA chains are linked in the hydrogen
middle of the molecule by ___ bonds.
31. What type of bond links amino acids together in pro- Peptide bond
teins?
32. Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in Mitochondrion
eukaryotic cells
33. The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains__________ Ribosomes, Protein syn-
which is responsible for ____________. thesis
