TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Describe the importance of carbon in cells -
correct answer ✅-Nearly all the molecules in a cell are based on
carbon
-Can help form large molecules
Contrast organic and inorganic molecules -
correct answer ✅Organic are carbon containing compounds (like
carbohydrates)
Inorganic do not contain carbon (like water)
What are functional groups and why are they important in organic
molecules? -
correct answer ✅Functional groups have distinct chemical and
physical properties that influence the behavior of the molecule
What are macromolecules? -
correct answer ✅The most abundant organic molecules in a living
cell
,TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What is a monomer? -
correct answer ✅A molecule that can be bonded to other identical
molecules to form a polymer
What is a polymer? -
correct answer ✅A substance that has a molecular structure
consisting of monomers bonded together
Describe a condensation reaction -
correct answer ✅A peptide bond is formed by condensation when
the acid group and amine group of two different amino acids join
and release a molecule of water
Describe a hydrolysis reaction -
correct answer ✅When peptide bonds are broken by hydrolysis,
the hydroxyl group (OH-) and hydrogen (H+) from H2O are added to
the separated molecules
Describe carbohydrates -
correct answer ✅Chemically neutral compounds of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen
,TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What are the main functions of carbohydrates? -
correct answer ✅-To provide a quick source of energy
-Structural component in cells of certain organisms
How are carbohydrates formed? -
correct answer ✅By using energy to form bonds between
monosaccharides, a condensation reaction forms a bond between
two carbon atoms of monosaccharides and joins them together to
form a disaccharide. A carbohydrate chain is formed by additional
condensation reactions, adding one monomer at a time, growing
the chain
Define and give an example of a disaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Two monosaccharides bonded together
-Ex: Glucose and Fructose
Define and give an example of an oligosaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Three monosaccharides bonded together
-Ex. Galactose, Glucose, and Fructose
, TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Define and give an example of a polysaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Sugar molecules bonded together
-Ex. Glucose
Describe lipids -
correct answer ✅Molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble
in fat and organic solutions
What are the main functions of lipids? -
correct answer ✅1. Energy storage (adipose tissue)
2. Structure (phospholipids)
3. Signaling (ceramide)
Describe fatty acids -
correct answer ✅Long, unbranched carbon chains with a single
carboxyl group at one end
Define amphipathic -
correct answer ✅Having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts
Answers (Grade A+)
Describe the importance of carbon in cells -
correct answer ✅-Nearly all the molecules in a cell are based on
carbon
-Can help form large molecules
Contrast organic and inorganic molecules -
correct answer ✅Organic are carbon containing compounds (like
carbohydrates)
Inorganic do not contain carbon (like water)
What are functional groups and why are they important in organic
molecules? -
correct answer ✅Functional groups have distinct chemical and
physical properties that influence the behavior of the molecule
What are macromolecules? -
correct answer ✅The most abundant organic molecules in a living
cell
,TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What is a monomer? -
correct answer ✅A molecule that can be bonded to other identical
molecules to form a polymer
What is a polymer? -
correct answer ✅A substance that has a molecular structure
consisting of monomers bonded together
Describe a condensation reaction -
correct answer ✅A peptide bond is formed by condensation when
the acid group and amine group of two different amino acids join
and release a molecule of water
Describe a hydrolysis reaction -
correct answer ✅When peptide bonds are broken by hydrolysis,
the hydroxyl group (OH-) and hydrogen (H+) from H2O are added to
the separated molecules
Describe carbohydrates -
correct answer ✅Chemically neutral compounds of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen
,TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What are the main functions of carbohydrates? -
correct answer ✅-To provide a quick source of energy
-Structural component in cells of certain organisms
How are carbohydrates formed? -
correct answer ✅By using energy to form bonds between
monosaccharides, a condensation reaction forms a bond between
two carbon atoms of monosaccharides and joins them together to
form a disaccharide. A carbohydrate chain is formed by additional
condensation reactions, adding one monomer at a time, growing
the chain
Define and give an example of a disaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Two monosaccharides bonded together
-Ex: Glucose and Fructose
Define and give an example of an oligosaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Three monosaccharides bonded together
-Ex. Galactose, Glucose, and Fructose
, TTU Cell Bio Exam 1 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Define and give an example of a polysaccharide -
correct answer ✅-Sugar molecules bonded together
-Ex. Glucose
Describe lipids -
correct answer ✅Molecules that are insoluble in water but soluble
in fat and organic solutions
What are the main functions of lipids? -
correct answer ✅1. Energy storage (adipose tissue)
2. Structure (phospholipids)
3. Signaling (ceramide)
Describe fatty acids -
correct answer ✅Long, unbranched carbon chains with a single
carboxyl group at one end
Define amphipathic -
correct answer ✅Having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts
