MKTG 379 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

MKTG 379 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 independent variable - Answers variable which the researcher has control and manipulates (time devoted to studing) dependent variable - Answers variables that are measured in response to changes in independent variables (GPA) extraneous variable - Answers all of the variables other than the independent variables that may have an effect on the dependent variable causal research - Answers used to measure causality in relationships if i spend more in advertising then i will increase my revenue experimental design - Answers procedure for devising an experimental setting so that a change in the dependent variable may be attributed to solely to the change in the independent variable before and after testing - Answers randomly dividing subjects of the experiment into two groups the control group and the experimental group control vs experimental group - Answers control: group whose subjects have not been exposed to the change in the independent variable experimental: group whose subjects have been exposed to independent variable pre-test vs post-test - Answers pre: measurement of the dependent variable taken before changing the independent variable post: measure of the dependent variable taken after A/B testing - Answers evaluating two alternatives simultaneously to see which one performs better usually online through a website or app 3 factors neccesary for causation - Answers 1. correlation 2. temporal antecedence 3. no third factor driving both 4 methods of sample size determination - Answers 1. percent rule of thumb 2. conventional 3. statistical analysis requirement 4. all you can afford percent rule of thumb sample size - Answers ex. a sample should be at least 5% of the population inefficient and not economical conventional sample size - Answers follows some number believed to be the correct sample size simply using same sample size from same survey can result in sample size too large or small, ignores special circumstances statistical analysis requirements sample size - Answers the researcher wishes to perform a particular type of data analysis that has sample size requirement can be quite large all you can afford sample size - Answers uses cost as an overriding basis for sample size ignores sample accuracy must consider cost relative to the value of the research probability sampling - Answers participants have a known, non-zero, usually equal chance of being randomly selected simple random sampling - Answers subjects drawn randomly stratified sampling - Answers population is divided into strata then sampled systematic sampling - Answers random in that its not related to what is being measured choosing every 100th person on a list cluster area sampling - Answers way to collect data when population is spread out over large geographical area non probability sample - Answers participants are selected based on non-random criteria, rather than random chance used to reduce time and cost when accuracy isnt required convenience sampling - Answers purely based on convenience purposive sampling - Answers researchers use judgement to select participants quota sampling - Answers subjects from sub groups r chosen non randomly chain referal/ snowballing sampling - Answers using initial respondents to identify other respondents intentional respondent errors - Answers when respondents willfully misrepresent themselves in surveys non response error - Answers failure to take part in survey, refusal to answer specific questions falsehoods - Answers lying on survey speeding - Answers answering survey questions without reading carefully unintentional respondent errors - Answers when the respondent gives a response that is not valid but they think is truthful misunderstanding error - Answers not comprehending or misinterpreting the survey questions guessing error - Answers providing answers without factual basis attention loss - Answers loss of concentration or zoning out distractions - Answers attending to disruptions that occur respondent error safeguards - Answers help minimize the effects of errors can only minimize not eliminate errors intentional safeguard - Answers anonymous confidentiality (answers private) incentives validation checking third person technique reversals of scale unintentional safeguard - Answers clear questions direct questions response options reversal of scale endpoints promptors; indication that informs respondents of their progress in the survey data quality issues - Answers 1. break off (answering some questions then stopping 2. item omission (skip one question but answer all) 3. all ya or no saying 4. middle of the road (no opinion for most questions) measures of central tendency - Answers measures that report a single piece of information that describes the most typical response to a question mean (average) median (value in the middle of sorted values) mode (value occurs most often) measures of variability - Answers measures that depict the typical difference among the numbers in the set of values frequency distribution: the tabulation of the number of times that each different value appears in a particular set of values (bar graph) percentage distribution: frequency of each value divided by the total number of observations, resulting in a percent (circle percent chart) range: max and min standard deviation: degree of variation or diversity in values translatable into a normal or bell shaped curve sample statistic - Answers a numerical measure that describes an aspect of a sample usually a mean or percentage population parameter - Answers a numerical measure that describes an aspect of a population effect size - Answers a measure of the meaningfulness of a statistic finding use when hypothesis is not supported nominal scales - Answers like what is ur gender