GENERAL BIOLOGY PROFESSIONAL TEST
BANK 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
▶ Which of the following is an inorganic macronutrient?
Water
Vitamins
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Proteins Answer: water
▶ List (A) the building blocks (or monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) at least 2
of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the
diet. Answer: A. Amino acids
B. Energy source, structure and regulation
C. Meats, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, and grains
▶ Vitamins contain both ____ and ____ forms. Answer: fat soluble; water
soluble
▶ Micro-minerals are referred to as _______ minerals. Answer: Trace
▶ Tom is on a diet restricting his consumption of starches and sugars.
Which macromolecule would he be limiting? Answer: Carbohydrate
▶ Which of the 6 nutrient classes are NOT sources of energy? (Select all
that apply):
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Protein
Water
Carbohydrate Answer: Vitamins
, minerals
water
▶ Explain how a calorie (the general term), a Calorie (the dietary term) and
a kilocalorie are related. Answer: A calorie is the amount of heat needed to
raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Food
calories (Calories) is expressed in terms of kilocalories.
Or
Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1,000 calories
▶ You bring your teenage nephew to lunch at the mall food court. He
decides to get a soda and bag of chips. You suggest he also try a
vegetable and rice bowl as a more nutrient dense option. How would you
explain the difference between nutrient dense and empty calorie foods to
him? Answer: Nutrient-dense foods are those with a high amount of
vitamins and minerals, along with the macronutrients that can be used as
fuel. Empty calorie foods are high in calories but contain little vitamins or
minerals, so they have lower nutrient value.
▶ Compare and contrast (i.e. explain the similarities and differences)
between undernutrition and overnutrition. Include the terms' definitions and
how they influence health outcomes. Answer: Both over- and undernutrition
have negative health consequences with an imbalance of the consumption
(or lack of) nutrients. They are both forms of malnutrition.
Overnutrition is the consumption of excess calories and fats
(cholesterol/saturated), which increases the risk of chronic disease and
obesity, and can lead to toxicity.
Undernutrition is the opposite, when nutrient intake does not meet the
nutrient needs of the body. This can lead to slowed metabolic processes
and deficiencies.
▶ Which of the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment has to do with
measurements of body composition (weight, height, skin fold
measurements, and body circumference)? Answer: Anthropometric
▶ The health messages conveyed by the MyPlate illustrates the concepts
of: Answer: balance, moderation, variation
BANK 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
▶ Which of the following is an inorganic macronutrient?
Water
Vitamins
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Proteins Answer: water
▶ List (A) the building blocks (or monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) at least 2
of their functions, and (C) at least 2 common sources of the nutrient in the
diet. Answer: A. Amino acids
B. Energy source, structure and regulation
C. Meats, dairy products, legumes, vegetables, and grains
▶ Vitamins contain both ____ and ____ forms. Answer: fat soluble; water
soluble
▶ Micro-minerals are referred to as _______ minerals. Answer: Trace
▶ Tom is on a diet restricting his consumption of starches and sugars.
Which macromolecule would he be limiting? Answer: Carbohydrate
▶ Which of the 6 nutrient classes are NOT sources of energy? (Select all
that apply):
Lipids
Vitamins
Minerals
Protein
Water
Carbohydrate Answer: Vitamins
, minerals
water
▶ Explain how a calorie (the general term), a Calorie (the dietary term) and
a kilocalorie are related. Answer: A calorie is the amount of heat needed to
raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Food
calories (Calories) is expressed in terms of kilocalories.
Or
Calorie = 1 kilocalorie = 1,000 calories
▶ You bring your teenage nephew to lunch at the mall food court. He
decides to get a soda and bag of chips. You suggest he also try a
vegetable and rice bowl as a more nutrient dense option. How would you
explain the difference between nutrient dense and empty calorie foods to
him? Answer: Nutrient-dense foods are those with a high amount of
vitamins and minerals, along with the macronutrients that can be used as
fuel. Empty calorie foods are high in calories but contain little vitamins or
minerals, so they have lower nutrient value.
▶ Compare and contrast (i.e. explain the similarities and differences)
between undernutrition and overnutrition. Include the terms' definitions and
how they influence health outcomes. Answer: Both over- and undernutrition
have negative health consequences with an imbalance of the consumption
(or lack of) nutrients. They are both forms of malnutrition.
Overnutrition is the consumption of excess calories and fats
(cholesterol/saturated), which increases the risk of chronic disease and
obesity, and can lead to toxicity.
Undernutrition is the opposite, when nutrient intake does not meet the
nutrient needs of the body. This can lead to slowed metabolic processes
and deficiencies.
▶ Which of the ABCDE's of nutritional assessment has to do with
measurements of body composition (weight, height, skin fold
measurements, and body circumference)? Answer: Anthropometric
▶ The health messages conveyed by the MyPlate illustrates the concepts
of: Answer: balance, moderation, variation
