EDUC 701 EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH TEST
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS
●● Watson
Answer: Behavior was the proper material for psychologists to study
(Watson, 1924).; Introspection (Chapter 1) was unreliable; conscious
experiences were not observable, and people having such experiences
could not be trusted to report them accurately (Murray, Kilgour, &
Wasylkiw, 2000).
●● Watson believed
Answer: Pavlov's conditioning model was appropriate for building
science of human behavior; Impressed by Pavlov's precision in
measuring human behaviors; Pavlov's model could account for diverse
forms of learning and personality characteristics
●● Watson
Answer: newborns are capable of displaying three emotions: love, fear,
and rage (Watson, 1926a).
●● Through Pavlovian conditioning, these emotions could become
attached to _____ to produce a complex adult life.
Answer: stimuli
,●● Watson proclaimed that he could take 12 healthy babies and raise
them in a world he controlled and he could form them into a variety of
adults from doctors to merchant chiefs
Answer:
●● Watson's research held little relevance to academic learning
Answer:
●● Wrote with conviction
Answer:
●● Influenced psychology from 1920's-1960's
Answer:
●● Work involving the environment strongly influenced Skinner
Answer:
●● Behaviorism
Answer: chapter covers behaviorism as expressed in behavior or
conditioning theories of learning; conditioning theories relevance lies
not in in the fact that they deal with behavior (all theories do that) but
rather that they explain learning in terms of environmental events.
,●● Behaviorism
Answer: Does not deny that mental phenomena don't exist BUT they are
NOT necessary to explain learning; Behaviorism important bc theories
have been used to teach students adaptive behaviors to function more
effectively in learning settings
●● Behaviorism
Answer: NOT bribery; The hallmark of behavior theories is linking
desired behaviors with positive consequences, which is a goal of any
theory that attempts to explain learning.
●● Operant Behavior Theory
Answer: B. F. Skinner, best known behavior theory
●● Connectionism
Answer: Edward L. Thorndike (1874-1949); prominent psychologist
whose connectionism theory of learning was dominant in the United
States for a long time he was interested in education and especially
learning, transfer, individual differences, and intelligence
●● Thorndike
Answer: Applied experimental approach when measuring student
outcomes; Thorndike Award: highest award in psychology given by APA
, ●● Educational Psychology
Answer: (Thorndike, 1913a, 1913b, 1914). He postulated that the most
fundamental type of learning involves the forming of associations
(connections) between sensory experiences (perceptions of stimuli or
events) and neural impulses (responses) that manifest themselves
behaviorally.
●● Issues with Behaviorism Theory
Answer: learning often occurs by trial and error (selecting and
connecting).Research was on animals with controlled environment and a
reward Animal used trial and error and after being successful was able to
attain the reward with fewer mistakes based on practice
●● Trial and Error learning:
Answer: Incremental; Occurs over time; Connections formed through
repetition; Awareness not necessary
●● Laws of Exercise and Effect
Answer: Thorndike's basic ideas
●● Law of Exercise
Answer:
PAPER QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED ANSWERS
●● Watson
Answer: Behavior was the proper material for psychologists to study
(Watson, 1924).; Introspection (Chapter 1) was unreliable; conscious
experiences were not observable, and people having such experiences
could not be trusted to report them accurately (Murray, Kilgour, &
Wasylkiw, 2000).
●● Watson believed
Answer: Pavlov's conditioning model was appropriate for building
science of human behavior; Impressed by Pavlov's precision in
measuring human behaviors; Pavlov's model could account for diverse
forms of learning and personality characteristics
●● Watson
Answer: newborns are capable of displaying three emotions: love, fear,
and rage (Watson, 1926a).
●● Through Pavlovian conditioning, these emotions could become
attached to _____ to produce a complex adult life.
Answer: stimuli
,●● Watson proclaimed that he could take 12 healthy babies and raise
them in a world he controlled and he could form them into a variety of
adults from doctors to merchant chiefs
Answer:
●● Watson's research held little relevance to academic learning
Answer:
●● Wrote with conviction
Answer:
●● Influenced psychology from 1920's-1960's
Answer:
●● Work involving the environment strongly influenced Skinner
Answer:
●● Behaviorism
Answer: chapter covers behaviorism as expressed in behavior or
conditioning theories of learning; conditioning theories relevance lies
not in in the fact that they deal with behavior (all theories do that) but
rather that they explain learning in terms of environmental events.
,●● Behaviorism
Answer: Does not deny that mental phenomena don't exist BUT they are
NOT necessary to explain learning; Behaviorism important bc theories
have been used to teach students adaptive behaviors to function more
effectively in learning settings
●● Behaviorism
Answer: NOT bribery; The hallmark of behavior theories is linking
desired behaviors with positive consequences, which is a goal of any
theory that attempts to explain learning.
●● Operant Behavior Theory
Answer: B. F. Skinner, best known behavior theory
●● Connectionism
Answer: Edward L. Thorndike (1874-1949); prominent psychologist
whose connectionism theory of learning was dominant in the United
States for a long time he was interested in education and especially
learning, transfer, individual differences, and intelligence
●● Thorndike
Answer: Applied experimental approach when measuring student
outcomes; Thorndike Award: highest award in psychology given by APA
, ●● Educational Psychology
Answer: (Thorndike, 1913a, 1913b, 1914). He postulated that the most
fundamental type of learning involves the forming of associations
(connections) between sensory experiences (perceptions of stimuli or
events) and neural impulses (responses) that manifest themselves
behaviorally.
●● Issues with Behaviorism Theory
Answer: learning often occurs by trial and error (selecting and
connecting).Research was on animals with controlled environment and a
reward Animal used trial and error and after being successful was able to
attain the reward with fewer mistakes based on practice
●● Trial and Error learning:
Answer: Incremental; Occurs over time; Connections formed through
repetition; Awareness not necessary
●● Laws of Exercise and Effect
Answer: Thorndike's basic ideas
●● Law of Exercise
Answer:
