UNIT 3: MED-SURG: CARDIAC ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
*Afterload*: correct answer resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle.
*Baroreceptors*: correct answer specialized nerve cells located in the aortic arch
and in both right and left internal carotid arteries.
*Cardiac output (CO)*: correct answer total amount of blood ejected by one of
the ventricles in liters per minute.
*Central Cyanosis*, seen as bluish tinge in the tongue and buccal mucosa is
associated with correct answer Serious cardiac disorders such as pulmonary
edema cardiogenic shock, and congenital heart disease, that result from blood
passing through the pulmonary circulation without being oxygenated.
*Ecchymosis* or bruising (a purplish-blue color fading to green yellow or brown)
is associated with correct answer Blood leaking outside the blood vessels.
Excessive bruising is a risk for patients on anticoagulants or platelet inhibiting
medications.
*Ejection fraction (EF)* correct answer the percent of end-diastolic volume
ejected with each stroke.
*Left Coronary Artery* and its branches supply. correct answer the *Anterior*
and *Lateral* wall.
,*Orthostatic or postural hypotension* is defined as correct answer a sustained
decrease in systolic BP of 20mmHg, or diastolic BP of 10 mmHg within 3 minutes
of moving from a lying or sitting to a standing position.
*Pallor*, or decreased skin color in fingernails, lips, oral mucosa, and lower
extremities is associated with correct answer Anemia or decreased arterial
perfusion. Suspect PAD if feet develop pallor after elevating legs 60 degrees from
a supine position.
*Peripheral Cyanosis*, or a bluish tinge to the nails, skin of the nose, lips,
earlobes, and extremities is associated with correct answer Peripheral
vasoconstriction allowing more time for hemoglobin molecules to become
desaturated. Can be caused by exposure to cold environment, anxiety, or
decreased C.O.
*Rubor*, or a reddish-blue discoloration of the legs, seen within 20 seconds to
two minutes after placing in a dependent position is associated with correct
answer Filling of dilated capillaries with deoxygenated blood, indicative of PAD.
*Stroke volume (SV)* correct answer the amount of blood ejected from one
ventricle in a single heart beat.
*Xanthelasma*, or yellowish raised plaques along nasal portion of eyelids, are
assoicated with correct answer elevated cholesterol levels.
4 stages of a Cardiac Action Potential correct answer Depolarization.
Repolarization.
Effective/Absolute Refractory Period.
, Relative Refractory Period.
A careful medication history often uncovers correct answer common medication
errors and causes for nonadherence to the medication regimen.
A friction rub is caused by correct answer inflammation of the pericardial surface.
A friction rub refers to correct answer a harsh grating sound heard during systole
and diastole.
A pulse pressure of less than ____ mmHg signifies a serious reduction in cardiac
output and requires further cardiac assessment. correct answer 30
A reproductive history is necessary for correct answer women of child-bearing
age, particularly those with seriously compromised cardiac function.
Activity induced angina may indicate correct answer CAD
Activity intolerance can result from correct answer fatigue associated with low
left ventricular ejection fraction.
Certain medications such as beta2-adrenergic blocking agents.
Alleviating factors associated with Anxiety or Panic Disorders include correct
answer Removal of stimulus, relaxation, medication to treat anxiety or underlying
disorder.
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
*Afterload*: correct answer resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle.
*Baroreceptors*: correct answer specialized nerve cells located in the aortic arch
and in both right and left internal carotid arteries.
*Cardiac output (CO)*: correct answer total amount of blood ejected by one of
the ventricles in liters per minute.
*Central Cyanosis*, seen as bluish tinge in the tongue and buccal mucosa is
associated with correct answer Serious cardiac disorders such as pulmonary
edema cardiogenic shock, and congenital heart disease, that result from blood
passing through the pulmonary circulation without being oxygenated.
*Ecchymosis* or bruising (a purplish-blue color fading to green yellow or brown)
is associated with correct answer Blood leaking outside the blood vessels.
Excessive bruising is a risk for patients on anticoagulants or platelet inhibiting
medications.
*Ejection fraction (EF)* correct answer the percent of end-diastolic volume
ejected with each stroke.
*Left Coronary Artery* and its branches supply. correct answer the *Anterior*
and *Lateral* wall.
,*Orthostatic or postural hypotension* is defined as correct answer a sustained
decrease in systolic BP of 20mmHg, or diastolic BP of 10 mmHg within 3 minutes
of moving from a lying or sitting to a standing position.
*Pallor*, or decreased skin color in fingernails, lips, oral mucosa, and lower
extremities is associated with correct answer Anemia or decreased arterial
perfusion. Suspect PAD if feet develop pallor after elevating legs 60 degrees from
a supine position.
*Peripheral Cyanosis*, or a bluish tinge to the nails, skin of the nose, lips,
earlobes, and extremities is associated with correct answer Peripheral
vasoconstriction allowing more time for hemoglobin molecules to become
desaturated. Can be caused by exposure to cold environment, anxiety, or
decreased C.O.
*Rubor*, or a reddish-blue discoloration of the legs, seen within 20 seconds to
two minutes after placing in a dependent position is associated with correct
answer Filling of dilated capillaries with deoxygenated blood, indicative of PAD.
*Stroke volume (SV)* correct answer the amount of blood ejected from one
ventricle in a single heart beat.
*Xanthelasma*, or yellowish raised plaques along nasal portion of eyelids, are
assoicated with correct answer elevated cholesterol levels.
4 stages of a Cardiac Action Potential correct answer Depolarization.
Repolarization.
Effective/Absolute Refractory Period.
, Relative Refractory Period.
A careful medication history often uncovers correct answer common medication
errors and causes for nonadherence to the medication regimen.
A friction rub is caused by correct answer inflammation of the pericardial surface.
A friction rub refers to correct answer a harsh grating sound heard during systole
and diastole.
A pulse pressure of less than ____ mmHg signifies a serious reduction in cardiac
output and requires further cardiac assessment. correct answer 30
A reproductive history is necessary for correct answer women of child-bearing
age, particularly those with seriously compromised cardiac function.
Activity induced angina may indicate correct answer CAD
Activity intolerance can result from correct answer fatigue associated with low
left ventricular ejection fraction.
Certain medications such as beta2-adrenergic blocking agents.
Alleviating factors associated with Anxiety or Panic Disorders include correct
answer Removal of stimulus, relaxation, medication to treat anxiety or underlying
disorder.
