NUR 111 - FINAL EXAM - ALL MODULES QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
"Just" culture correct answer focuses on identifying and addressing systems issues
that lead individuals to engage in unsafe behaviors, while maintaining individual
accountability by establishing zero tolerance for reckless behavior. It distinguishes
between human error (eg, slips), at-risk behavior (eg, taking shortcuts), and
reckless behavior (eg, ignoring required safety steps), in contrast to an
overarching "no-blame" approach still favored by some. In a just culture, the
response to an error or near miss is predicated on the type of behavior associated
with the error, and not the severity of the event. For example, reckless behavior
such as refusing to perform a "time-out" prior to surgery would merit punitive
action, even if patients were not harmed. For human error (inadvertent action,
slip, lapse or mistake) the consequences would be to console, encourage
reporting, redesign & remediate. For at-risk behavior, consequences would be to
coach, remove the incentives for at-risk behavior and create incentives for
healthy behavior, increase situational awareness & remediate). For reckless
behavior, punishment, disciplinary action & remediation.
0.9% normal saline solution correct answer • Isotonic- expands ECV (vascular and
interstitial)
• DOESN'T enter cells
0.9% normal saline solution is used to... correct answer o Expand intravascular
volume
o Replace extracellular fluid losses
o ONLY SOLUTION THAT CAN BE USED WITH BLOOD PRODUCTS
o May cause intravascular overload (fluid overload = hypervolemia)
,1st stage of inflammation - vascular & cellular responses correct answer 1)
Vasoconstriction - release histamines, kinins & prostaglandins - hyperemia (large
volume of blood) and 2) fluid, protein & leukocytes leak into interstitial spaces
(edema & pain); phagocytosis and leukocytosis begins
2nd stage of inflammation - exudate production correct answer Accumulation of
fluid & dead tissue
3 components of a nursing diagnosis correct answer P - the diagnostic label from
NANDA - the problem
E - the etiology (where did it come from, what is it r/t?)
S - the defining characteristics - the symptoms
3 divisions of ECF correct answer 1) Intravascular fluid (liquid portion of the blood
i.e. plasma); approx. 3 liters, 2) interstitial fluid (located between the cells &
outside of blood vessels); approx. 11 liters, and 3) minor division of transcellular
fluid (cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal synovial fluids secreted by epithelial cells)
3rd stage of inflammation - tissue repair correct answer 1) Damaged cells
replaced by healthy cells and 2) if inflammation is chronic, tissue defect full with
granulation tissue (granulation tissue not as strong as collagen & may form
scarring)
4 important functions of electrolytes correct answer 1) Maintaining fluid balance,
2) acid-base regulation, 3) facilitating enzyme reactions & 4) transmitting
neuromuscular reactions
5 functions of water in the body correct answer 1) Transport nutrients, waste
products & other substances, 2) maintaining & regulating body temperature, 3)
,insulator & shock absorber, 4) lubrication of joints & membranes & 5) medium for
metabolic reactions within cells
100,000 Lives campaign correct answer Began in 2005 with a goal to eliminate
HAI's such as ventilator associated pneumonia, central line related blood stream
infections, surgical site infections and catheter associated UTI's. The campaign
was updated in 2006 to be the 5 million lives campaign.
A change or break in any of theses defenses may increase the risk of infection
correct answer - Natural immunity
- Normal flora
- Age
- Hormonal factors
- Phagocytosis
- Protective barriers
- Nutrition
- Environment
- Medical interventions
abnormal correct answer inability to grieve is __________.
Accessory muscles correct answer Any of the muscles of the neck, back, and
abdomen that may assist the diaphragm and the internal and external intercostal
muscles in respiration, especially in some breathing disorders or during exercise.
Often elevated effort of breathing contributes to increased anterior-posterior
diameter of the chest (barrel chest) over time (Mosby's definition). E.g. scalene,
trapezius, etc.
, Accountability correct answer Being answerable for the decisions made in the
course of one's professional practice.
Accreditation correct answer A peer review process that evaluates the quality of
an organization
Acculturation correct answer Accepting the majority group's culture as one's own
Acetaminophen dosing correct answer Pediatric Dosage: 10-15 mg/kg/dose every
4-6 hours. Maximum per day: 60-75 mg/kg for children < 50 kg. Children > 50 kg
take adult doses. Max 4 Gm/day currently; Newer recommendations may be
decreasing to 2.6 Gm per day because of liver damage incidence.
Acquired characteristics of diversity correct answer Those that are developed
throughout your life through your individual life experiences such as education,
skills, manner of dress and personal style, religion, improvement of abilities,
political views and some illnesses (such as lung COPD due to smoking)
Active ROM exercises correct answer ROM exercises performed by the patient
Active transport correct answer The movement of electrolytes across a cell
membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
using ATP energy produced in the cells' mitochondria
Actual nursing diagnosis correct answer A client problem that is present at the
time of the nursing assessment. This is based on a cluster of associated
assessment data. Example...acute pain or anxiety.
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
"Just" culture correct answer focuses on identifying and addressing systems issues
that lead individuals to engage in unsafe behaviors, while maintaining individual
accountability by establishing zero tolerance for reckless behavior. It distinguishes
between human error (eg, slips), at-risk behavior (eg, taking shortcuts), and
reckless behavior (eg, ignoring required safety steps), in contrast to an
overarching "no-blame" approach still favored by some. In a just culture, the
response to an error or near miss is predicated on the type of behavior associated
with the error, and not the severity of the event. For example, reckless behavior
such as refusing to perform a "time-out" prior to surgery would merit punitive
action, even if patients were not harmed. For human error (inadvertent action,
slip, lapse or mistake) the consequences would be to console, encourage
reporting, redesign & remediate. For at-risk behavior, consequences would be to
coach, remove the incentives for at-risk behavior and create incentives for
healthy behavior, increase situational awareness & remediate). For reckless
behavior, punishment, disciplinary action & remediation.
0.9% normal saline solution correct answer • Isotonic- expands ECV (vascular and
interstitial)
• DOESN'T enter cells
0.9% normal saline solution is used to... correct answer o Expand intravascular
volume
o Replace extracellular fluid losses
o ONLY SOLUTION THAT CAN BE USED WITH BLOOD PRODUCTS
o May cause intravascular overload (fluid overload = hypervolemia)
,1st stage of inflammation - vascular & cellular responses correct answer 1)
Vasoconstriction - release histamines, kinins & prostaglandins - hyperemia (large
volume of blood) and 2) fluid, protein & leukocytes leak into interstitial spaces
(edema & pain); phagocytosis and leukocytosis begins
2nd stage of inflammation - exudate production correct answer Accumulation of
fluid & dead tissue
3 components of a nursing diagnosis correct answer P - the diagnostic label from
NANDA - the problem
E - the etiology (where did it come from, what is it r/t?)
S - the defining characteristics - the symptoms
3 divisions of ECF correct answer 1) Intravascular fluid (liquid portion of the blood
i.e. plasma); approx. 3 liters, 2) interstitial fluid (located between the cells &
outside of blood vessels); approx. 11 liters, and 3) minor division of transcellular
fluid (cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal synovial fluids secreted by epithelial cells)
3rd stage of inflammation - tissue repair correct answer 1) Damaged cells
replaced by healthy cells and 2) if inflammation is chronic, tissue defect full with
granulation tissue (granulation tissue not as strong as collagen & may form
scarring)
4 important functions of electrolytes correct answer 1) Maintaining fluid balance,
2) acid-base regulation, 3) facilitating enzyme reactions & 4) transmitting
neuromuscular reactions
5 functions of water in the body correct answer 1) Transport nutrients, waste
products & other substances, 2) maintaining & regulating body temperature, 3)
,insulator & shock absorber, 4) lubrication of joints & membranes & 5) medium for
metabolic reactions within cells
100,000 Lives campaign correct answer Began in 2005 with a goal to eliminate
HAI's such as ventilator associated pneumonia, central line related blood stream
infections, surgical site infections and catheter associated UTI's. The campaign
was updated in 2006 to be the 5 million lives campaign.
A change or break in any of theses defenses may increase the risk of infection
correct answer - Natural immunity
- Normal flora
- Age
- Hormonal factors
- Phagocytosis
- Protective barriers
- Nutrition
- Environment
- Medical interventions
abnormal correct answer inability to grieve is __________.
Accessory muscles correct answer Any of the muscles of the neck, back, and
abdomen that may assist the diaphragm and the internal and external intercostal
muscles in respiration, especially in some breathing disorders or during exercise.
Often elevated effort of breathing contributes to increased anterior-posterior
diameter of the chest (barrel chest) over time (Mosby's definition). E.g. scalene,
trapezius, etc.
, Accountability correct answer Being answerable for the decisions made in the
course of one's professional practice.
Accreditation correct answer A peer review process that evaluates the quality of
an organization
Acculturation correct answer Accepting the majority group's culture as one's own
Acetaminophen dosing correct answer Pediatric Dosage: 10-15 mg/kg/dose every
4-6 hours. Maximum per day: 60-75 mg/kg for children < 50 kg. Children > 50 kg
take adult doses. Max 4 Gm/day currently; Newer recommendations may be
decreasing to 2.6 Gm per day because of liver damage incidence.
Acquired characteristics of diversity correct answer Those that are developed
throughout your life through your individual life experiences such as education,
skills, manner of dress and personal style, religion, improvement of abilities,
political views and some illnesses (such as lung COPD due to smoking)
Active ROM exercises correct answer ROM exercises performed by the patient
Active transport correct answer The movement of electrolytes across a cell
membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
using ATP energy produced in the cells' mitochondria
Actual nursing diagnosis correct answer A client problem that is present at the
time of the nursing assessment. This is based on a cluster of associated
assessment data. Example...acute pain or anxiety.
