Medsurg hesi nursing EXAM LATEST 2026-2027 250
QUESTIONS AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
When observing a client for symptoms of a large bowel obstruction, the nurse should assess for which finding?
A) Distention of the lower abdomen.
B) Nausea with profuse vomiting.
C) Upper abdominal discomfort.
D) Fluid and electrolyte imbalances. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): A
* Among findings characteristic of a large bowel obstruction is the distention of the lower abdomen (A). (B, C, and
D) are findings associated with small bowel obstruction.
A client with a chronic infection of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which intervention
should the nurse perform after the procedure?
A) Progress activity as soon as possible.
B) Assess for signs of bleeding and hypovolemia.
C) Place the client in the left lateral position.
D) Monitor blood pressure, pulse and breathing every 4 hours. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): B
* Assessment for signs of bleeding (B) should be implemented because internal bleeding is the greatest risk
following a liver biopsy. Having the client placed a right lateral position, not left (C) applies pressure at the site.
Because of the increased risk for bleeding, a gradual return to normal activities over 1-2 days is desired (A).
Monitoring vital signs at 1-2 hour intervals (D) for 6-8 hours after the procedure is recommended to detect
pneumothorax, hemothorax, or other internal bleeding.
The home health nurse is assessing a client with terminal lung cancer who is receiving hospice care. Which activity
should be assigned to the hospice practical nurse (PN)?
A) Administer medications for pain relief, shortness of breath, and nausea.
,B) Clarify family members' feelings about the meaning of client behaviors and symptoms.
C) Develop a plan of care after assessing the needs of the client and family.
D) Teach the family to recognize restlessness and grimacing as signs of client discomfort. - answer>>Correct
Answer(s): A
* Hospice care provides symptom management and pain control during the dying process and enhances the
quality of life for a client who is terminally ill. Administering medication and monitoring for therapeutic and
adverse effects (A) is within the scope of practice for the PN. Nursing actions that require the skills of the RN
include assessing and clarifying the feelings of family members (B), planning care (C), and teaching symptom
recognition (D).
A 24-year-old female client diagnosed with a human papillomavirus infection (HPV) is angry at her ex-boyfriend
and says she is not going to tell him that he is infected. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
A) You do not have to tell him because this is not a reportable disease.
B) Because there is no cure for this disease, telling him is of no benefit to him or to you.
C) Even though you are angry, he should be told, so he can take precautions to prevent the spread of infection.
D) You should tell him, so he can feel as guilty and miserable as you do now, knowing that you have this disease. -
answer>>Correct Answer(s): C
* Anger is a common emotional reaction when confronted with the diagnosis of a STI, and often lay blame and
project this anger at the sexual partner. Although HPV is not a reportable disease in many states, all contacts
should be informed of the infection, treatment, transmission, and precautions to minimize infecting others (C). (A
and B) provide false information and increase the risk of complications and transmission. (D) is not therapeutic.
The nurse is caring for a client who is two days postoperative. Which observation should alert the nurse to call the
Rapid Response Team (RRT)?
A) Fresh bleeding noted on abdominal surgical wound dressing.
B) Pulse change from 85 to160 beats/minute lasting more than 10 minutes.
C) Temperature of 103.1° F and white blood cell (WBC) count of 16,000 mm3.
D) Weakness, diaphoresis, complaints of feeling faint. BP 100/56 mm Hg. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): B
,* The RRT should be called to intervene for a client with an acute life-threatening change, such as (B). (A) indicates
possible hemorrhage and needs further investigation and monitoring. (B) indicates an infection and (D) may
indicate post operative diuresis with corresponding hypotension. Although these symptoms needs prompt
collaborative attention, they can be dealt with through normal channels such providing supportive care and calling
the healthcare provider.
A client with Ménière's disease is incapacitated by vertigo and is lying in bed grasping the side rails and staring at
the television. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
A) Encourage fluids to 3000 ml per day.
B) Change the client's position every two hours.
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees.
D) Turn off the television and darken the room. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): D
* To decrease the client's vertigo during an acute attack of Ménière's disease, any visual stimuli or rotational
movement, such as sudden head movements or position changes, should be minimized. Turning off the television
and darkening the room (D) minimize fluorescent lights, flickering television lights, and distracting sound. (A, B,
and C) are
Which preexisting diagnosis places a client at greatest risk of developing superior vena cava syndrome?
A) Carotid stenosis.
B) Steatosis hepatitis.
C) Metastatic cancer.
D) Clavicular fracture. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): C
* Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava (SVC) is compressed by outside structures,
such as a growing tumor that impedes the return blood flow to the heart. Superior vena cava syndrome is likely to
occur with metastatic cancer (C) from a primary tumor in the upper lobe of the right lung that compresses the
superior vena cava. (A, B, and D) do not result in SVC syndrome.
, A client with osteoarthritis receives a prescription for Naproxen (Naprosyn). Which potential side effect should the
nurse provide to the client about this medication?
A) Sensitivity to sunlight.
B) Muscle fasciculations.
C) Increased urinary frequency.
D) Gastrointestinal disturbance. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): D
* Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as naproxen can have gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and
gastric burning (D). It is recommended that this drug be taken with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Naproxen
(Naprosyn) does not cause sensitivity to sunlight (A), muscle fasciculations (B), or urinary frequency (C).
What information should the nurse include in a teaching plan about the onset of menopause? (Select all that
apply).
A) Smoking.
B) Oophorectomy with hysterectomy.
C) Early menarche.
D) Cardiac disease.
E) Genetic influence.
F) Chemotherapy exposure. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): A, B, C, E, F
* Menopausal symptoms are related to the cessation of ovarian function. Factors influencing the onset of
menopause include smoking (A), genetic influences (E), early menarche (C), surgical removal (B), and exposure to
chemotherapy agents and radiation (F). Cardiovascular disease (D) is unrelated.
The nurse is caring for a client with a small bowel obstruction. The client is vomiting foul smelling fecal-like
material. What action should the nurse implement?
A) Administer antiemetics every 2 to 3 hours.
B) Position on the left side with knees drawn up.
QUESTIONS AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
When observing a client for symptoms of a large bowel obstruction, the nurse should assess for which finding?
A) Distention of the lower abdomen.
B) Nausea with profuse vomiting.
C) Upper abdominal discomfort.
D) Fluid and electrolyte imbalances. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): A
* Among findings characteristic of a large bowel obstruction is the distention of the lower abdomen (A). (B, C, and
D) are findings associated with small bowel obstruction.
A client with a chronic infection of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is scheduled for a liver biopsy. Which intervention
should the nurse perform after the procedure?
A) Progress activity as soon as possible.
B) Assess for signs of bleeding and hypovolemia.
C) Place the client in the left lateral position.
D) Monitor blood pressure, pulse and breathing every 4 hours. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): B
* Assessment for signs of bleeding (B) should be implemented because internal bleeding is the greatest risk
following a liver biopsy. Having the client placed a right lateral position, not left (C) applies pressure at the site.
Because of the increased risk for bleeding, a gradual return to normal activities over 1-2 days is desired (A).
Monitoring vital signs at 1-2 hour intervals (D) for 6-8 hours after the procedure is recommended to detect
pneumothorax, hemothorax, or other internal bleeding.
The home health nurse is assessing a client with terminal lung cancer who is receiving hospice care. Which activity
should be assigned to the hospice practical nurse (PN)?
A) Administer medications for pain relief, shortness of breath, and nausea.
,B) Clarify family members' feelings about the meaning of client behaviors and symptoms.
C) Develop a plan of care after assessing the needs of the client and family.
D) Teach the family to recognize restlessness and grimacing as signs of client discomfort. - answer>>Correct
Answer(s): A
* Hospice care provides symptom management and pain control during the dying process and enhances the
quality of life for a client who is terminally ill. Administering medication and monitoring for therapeutic and
adverse effects (A) is within the scope of practice for the PN. Nursing actions that require the skills of the RN
include assessing and clarifying the feelings of family members (B), planning care (C), and teaching symptom
recognition (D).
A 24-year-old female client diagnosed with a human papillomavirus infection (HPV) is angry at her ex-boyfriend
and says she is not going to tell him that he is infected. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
A) You do not have to tell him because this is not a reportable disease.
B) Because there is no cure for this disease, telling him is of no benefit to him or to you.
C) Even though you are angry, he should be told, so he can take precautions to prevent the spread of infection.
D) You should tell him, so he can feel as guilty and miserable as you do now, knowing that you have this disease. -
answer>>Correct Answer(s): C
* Anger is a common emotional reaction when confronted with the diagnosis of a STI, and often lay blame and
project this anger at the sexual partner. Although HPV is not a reportable disease in many states, all contacts
should be informed of the infection, treatment, transmission, and precautions to minimize infecting others (C). (A
and B) provide false information and increase the risk of complications and transmission. (D) is not therapeutic.
The nurse is caring for a client who is two days postoperative. Which observation should alert the nurse to call the
Rapid Response Team (RRT)?
A) Fresh bleeding noted on abdominal surgical wound dressing.
B) Pulse change from 85 to160 beats/minute lasting more than 10 minutes.
C) Temperature of 103.1° F and white blood cell (WBC) count of 16,000 mm3.
D) Weakness, diaphoresis, complaints of feeling faint. BP 100/56 mm Hg. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): B
,* The RRT should be called to intervene for a client with an acute life-threatening change, such as (B). (A) indicates
possible hemorrhage and needs further investigation and monitoring. (B) indicates an infection and (D) may
indicate post operative diuresis with corresponding hypotension. Although these symptoms needs prompt
collaborative attention, they can be dealt with through normal channels such providing supportive care and calling
the healthcare provider.
A client with Ménière's disease is incapacitated by vertigo and is lying in bed grasping the side rails and staring at
the television. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
A) Encourage fluids to 3000 ml per day.
B) Change the client's position every two hours.
C) Keep the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees.
D) Turn off the television and darken the room. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): D
* To decrease the client's vertigo during an acute attack of Ménière's disease, any visual stimuli or rotational
movement, such as sudden head movements or position changes, should be minimized. Turning off the television
and darkening the room (D) minimize fluorescent lights, flickering television lights, and distracting sound. (A, B,
and C) are
Which preexisting diagnosis places a client at greatest risk of developing superior vena cava syndrome?
A) Carotid stenosis.
B) Steatosis hepatitis.
C) Metastatic cancer.
D) Clavicular fracture. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): C
* Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava (SVC) is compressed by outside structures,
such as a growing tumor that impedes the return blood flow to the heart. Superior vena cava syndrome is likely to
occur with metastatic cancer (C) from a primary tumor in the upper lobe of the right lung that compresses the
superior vena cava. (A, B, and D) do not result in SVC syndrome.
, A client with osteoarthritis receives a prescription for Naproxen (Naprosyn). Which potential side effect should the
nurse provide to the client about this medication?
A) Sensitivity to sunlight.
B) Muscle fasciculations.
C) Increased urinary frequency.
D) Gastrointestinal disturbance. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): D
* Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as naproxen can have gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and
gastric burning (D). It is recommended that this drug be taken with food to avoid gastrointestinal upset. Naproxen
(Naprosyn) does not cause sensitivity to sunlight (A), muscle fasciculations (B), or urinary frequency (C).
What information should the nurse include in a teaching plan about the onset of menopause? (Select all that
apply).
A) Smoking.
B) Oophorectomy with hysterectomy.
C) Early menarche.
D) Cardiac disease.
E) Genetic influence.
F) Chemotherapy exposure. - answer>>Correct Answer(s): A, B, C, E, F
* Menopausal symptoms are related to the cessation of ovarian function. Factors influencing the onset of
menopause include smoking (A), genetic influences (E), early menarche (C), surgical removal (B), and exposure to
chemotherapy agents and radiation (F). Cardiovascular disease (D) is unrelated.
The nurse is caring for a client with a small bowel obstruction. The client is vomiting foul smelling fecal-like
material. What action should the nurse implement?
A) Administer antiemetics every 2 to 3 hours.
B) Position on the left side with knees drawn up.
