HESI RN MED SURG VERSION A & VERSION B EXAM
2026-2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
A client diagnosed with angina pectoris complains of chest pain while ambulating in the hallway. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A.
Support the client to a sitting position.
B.
Ask the client to walk slowly back to the room.
C.
Administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet.
D.
Provide oxygen via nasal cannula. - answer>>A
Rationale:The nurse should safely assist the client to a resting position and then perform options C and D. The
client must cease all activity immediately, which will decrease the oxygen requirement of the myocardial muscle.
After these interventions are implemented, the client can be escorted back to the room via wheelchair or
stretcher
The nurse teaches a client with type 2 diabetes nutritional strategies to decrease obesity. Which food items
chosen by the client indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A.
White bread
B.
Salmon
C.
Broccoli
D.
Whole milk
,E.
Banana - answer>>B, C, E
Rationale:Options B, C, and E provide fresh fruits, lean meats and fish, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy
products. All are recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and are a part of the My Plate
guidelines recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Whole milk is high in fat and is not
recommended by the ADA. White bread is milled, a process that removes the essential nutrients. It should be
avoided for weight loss and is a poor choice for the client with diabetes.
The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). Which symptoms will
the nurse be looking for in the focused assessment related to this condition? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Facial muscle spasms
B.
Sudden facial pain
C.
Unilateral facial weakness
D.
Difficulty in chewing
E.
Tinnitus
F.
Hearing difficulties - answer>>A, B
Rationale:Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area
innervated by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (cranial V). The remaining symptoms are not related
to trigeminal neuralgia.
The nurse is counseling a healthy 30-year-old female client regarding osteoporosis prevention. Which activity
would be most beneficial in achieving the client's goal of osteoporosis prevention?
A.
Cross-country skiing
B.
,Scuba diving
C.
Horseback riding
D.
Kayaking - answer>>A
Rationale:Weight-bearing exercise is an important measure to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Of the activities
listed, cross-country skiing includes the most weight-bearing, whereas options B, C, and D involve less.
A client with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation develops ventricular ectopy with a pattern of 8 ectopic
beats/min. Which action should the nurse take based on this observation?
A.
Assess for bilateral jugular vein distention.
B.
Increase oxygen flow via nasal cannula.
C.
Administer PRN furosemide.
D.
Auscultate for a pleural friction rub. - answer>>B
Rationale:This client should have the oxygen flow immediately increased to promote oxygenation of the
myocardium. Ventricular ectopy, characterized by multiple PVCs, is often caused by myocardial ischemia
exacerbated by hypokalemia. The nurse would expect the client in congestive heart failure to have some degree of
option A, which does not exacerbate the ectopy. Option C could create a more severe hypokalemia, which could
increase the ectopy. The client is not exhibiting signs of option D.
The nurse assesses a postoperative client whose skin is cool, pale, and moist. The client is very restless and has
scant urine output. Oxygen is being administered at 2 L/min, and a saline lock is in place. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A.
Measure the urine specific gravity.
B.
Obtain IV fluids for infusion per protocol.
, C.
Prepare for insertion of a central venous catheter.
D.
Auscultate the client's breath sounds. - answer>>B
Rationale:The client is at risk for hypovolemic shock because of the postoperative status and is exhibiting early
signs of shock. A priority intervention is the initiation of IV fluids to restore tissue perfusion. Options A, C, and D
are all important interventions but are of lower priority than option B.
Which nursing action is necessary for the client with a flail chest?
A.
Withhold prescribed analgesic medications.
B.
Percuss the fractured rib area with light taps.
C.
Avoid implementing pulmonary suctioning.
D.
Encourage coughing and deep breathing. - answer>>D
Rationale:Treatment of flail chest is focused on preventing atelectasis and related complications of compromised
ventilation by encouraging coughing and deep breathing. This condition is typically diagnosed in clients with three
or more rib fractures, resulting in paradoxic movement of a segment of the chest wall. Option C should not be
avoided because suctioning is necessary to maintain pulmonary toilet in clients who require mechanical
ventilation. Option A should not be withheld. Option B should not be applied because the fractures are clearly
visible on the chest radiograph.
During report, the nurse learns that a client with tumor lysis syndrome is receiving an IV infusion containing
insulin. Which action should the nurse complete first?
A.
Review the client's history for diabetes mellitus.
B.
Observe the extremity distal to the IV site.
C.
2026-2027 LATEST UPDATED VERSION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
A client diagnosed with angina pectoris complains of chest pain while ambulating in the hallway. Which action
should the nurse take first?
A.
Support the client to a sitting position.
B.
Ask the client to walk slowly back to the room.
C.
Administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet.
D.
Provide oxygen via nasal cannula. - answer>>A
Rationale:The nurse should safely assist the client to a resting position and then perform options C and D. The
client must cease all activity immediately, which will decrease the oxygen requirement of the myocardial muscle.
After these interventions are implemented, the client can be escorted back to the room via wheelchair or
stretcher
The nurse teaches a client with type 2 diabetes nutritional strategies to decrease obesity. Which food items
chosen by the client indicate understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A.
White bread
B.
Salmon
C.
Broccoli
D.
Whole milk
,E.
Banana - answer>>B, C, E
Rationale:Options B, C, and E provide fresh fruits, lean meats and fish, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy
products. All are recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and are a part of the My Plate
guidelines recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Whole milk is high in fat and is not
recommended by the ADA. White bread is milled, a process that removes the essential nutrients. It should be
avoided for weight loss and is a poor choice for the client with diabetes.
The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux). Which symptoms will
the nurse be looking for in the focused assessment related to this condition? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Facial muscle spasms
B.
Sudden facial pain
C.
Unilateral facial weakness
D.
Difficulty in chewing
E.
Tinnitus
F.
Hearing difficulties - answer>>A, B
Rationale:Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area
innervated by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (cranial V). The remaining symptoms are not related
to trigeminal neuralgia.
The nurse is counseling a healthy 30-year-old female client regarding osteoporosis prevention. Which activity
would be most beneficial in achieving the client's goal of osteoporosis prevention?
A.
Cross-country skiing
B.
,Scuba diving
C.
Horseback riding
D.
Kayaking - answer>>A
Rationale:Weight-bearing exercise is an important measure to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Of the activities
listed, cross-country skiing includes the most weight-bearing, whereas options B, C, and D involve less.
A client with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation develops ventricular ectopy with a pattern of 8 ectopic
beats/min. Which action should the nurse take based on this observation?
A.
Assess for bilateral jugular vein distention.
B.
Increase oxygen flow via nasal cannula.
C.
Administer PRN furosemide.
D.
Auscultate for a pleural friction rub. - answer>>B
Rationale:This client should have the oxygen flow immediately increased to promote oxygenation of the
myocardium. Ventricular ectopy, characterized by multiple PVCs, is often caused by myocardial ischemia
exacerbated by hypokalemia. The nurse would expect the client in congestive heart failure to have some degree of
option A, which does not exacerbate the ectopy. Option C could create a more severe hypokalemia, which could
increase the ectopy. The client is not exhibiting signs of option D.
The nurse assesses a postoperative client whose skin is cool, pale, and moist. The client is very restless and has
scant urine output. Oxygen is being administered at 2 L/min, and a saline lock is in place. Which action should the
nurse take first?
A.
Measure the urine specific gravity.
B.
Obtain IV fluids for infusion per protocol.
, C.
Prepare for insertion of a central venous catheter.
D.
Auscultate the client's breath sounds. - answer>>B
Rationale:The client is at risk for hypovolemic shock because of the postoperative status and is exhibiting early
signs of shock. A priority intervention is the initiation of IV fluids to restore tissue perfusion. Options A, C, and D
are all important interventions but are of lower priority than option B.
Which nursing action is necessary for the client with a flail chest?
A.
Withhold prescribed analgesic medications.
B.
Percuss the fractured rib area with light taps.
C.
Avoid implementing pulmonary suctioning.
D.
Encourage coughing and deep breathing. - answer>>D
Rationale:Treatment of flail chest is focused on preventing atelectasis and related complications of compromised
ventilation by encouraging coughing and deep breathing. This condition is typically diagnosed in clients with three
or more rib fractures, resulting in paradoxic movement of a segment of the chest wall. Option C should not be
avoided because suctioning is necessary to maintain pulmonary toilet in clients who require mechanical
ventilation. Option A should not be withheld. Option B should not be applied because the fractures are clearly
visible on the chest radiograph.
During report, the nurse learns that a client with tumor lysis syndrome is receiving an IV infusion containing
insulin. Which action should the nurse complete first?
A.
Review the client's history for diabetes mellitus.
B.
Observe the extremity distal to the IV site.
C.
