HUBS 1406 EXAMINATION TEST SCRIPT
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Cytoskeleton
Answer: A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
◉ cytoplasm
Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
helps material move around the cell and holds everything in place
◉ active transport
Answer: - requires energy
- moves up the concentration gradient
◉ passive transport
Answer: - does not require energy
- move down the concentration gradient
,◉ Diffusion
Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
◉ bulk transport
Answer: transports large molecules and solid clumps of materials by
movements of the cell membrane
endocytosis and exocytosis
◉ endocytosis
Answer: moving material into cells through vacuole
- phagocytosis - bring small particles or liquid into the cell
- pinocytosis - bring large molecules into the cell
◉ exocytosis
Answer: Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material
out of the cell
◉ Differentiation
Answer: process by which some genes become more specialised
cells with their own functioning abilities
◉ stem cell
, Answer: an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is
capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and
from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
◉ adult stem cell
Answer: partially differentiated cell, has limited pathways
◉ embryonic stem cell
Answer: can develop into any cell type
◉ totipotent
Answer: stem cells that can develop into any cell in the organism
◉ pluripotent
Answer: stem cells that can develop into any tissue type in they
particular germ layer (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm)
◉ multipotent
Answer: can differentiate into limited range of cells within a
particular tissue type
◉ omnipotent
2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Cytoskeleton
Answer: A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
◉ cytoplasm
Answer: A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
helps material move around the cell and holds everything in place
◉ active transport
Answer: - requires energy
- moves up the concentration gradient
◉ passive transport
Answer: - does not require energy
- move down the concentration gradient
,◉ Diffusion
Answer: Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
◉ bulk transport
Answer: transports large molecules and solid clumps of materials by
movements of the cell membrane
endocytosis and exocytosis
◉ endocytosis
Answer: moving material into cells through vacuole
- phagocytosis - bring small particles or liquid into the cell
- pinocytosis - bring large molecules into the cell
◉ exocytosis
Answer: Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material
out of the cell
◉ Differentiation
Answer: process by which some genes become more specialised
cells with their own functioning abilities
◉ stem cell
, Answer: an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is
capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and
from which certain other kinds of cell arise by differentiation.
◉ adult stem cell
Answer: partially differentiated cell, has limited pathways
◉ embryonic stem cell
Answer: can develop into any cell type
◉ totipotent
Answer: stem cells that can develop into any cell in the organism
◉ pluripotent
Answer: stem cells that can develop into any tissue type in they
particular germ layer (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm)
◉ multipotent
Answer: can differentiate into limited range of cells within a
particular tissue type
◉ omnipotent
