EVALUATION EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2026
◉ upper motor neurons
Answer: Cell body lies in motor cortex-travel to brain stem or spinal
cord
Axons forms the corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts
*Injury can result in hypertonia*
Glutamate signaling
◉ lower motor neuron lesion
Answer: Cell bodies reside in the spinal cord or brainstem
Axons connect to neuromuscular junction
Directly innervate skeletal muscles and viscera
, *Injury can result in flaccid paresis*
Acetylcholine signaling
◉ if a pt presents w/ hypertonia, what should you suspect?
Answer: upper motor neuron injury
◉ if a pt present w/ flaccid paralysis, what should you suspect?
Answer: lower motor neuron injury
◉ Interneurons
Answer: enable communication between sensory or motor neurons
and the central nervous system, especially as part of a reflex arc
◉ signs of an upper motor neuron lesion
Answer: Hyperreflexia
- Increased MSR
Clonus
- Rhythmic contraction of antagonist muscle
Hypertonia