Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam Review Questions With Correct Answers

Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam
Review Questions With Correct Answers

T/F: A patient is hypotonic and has low blood pressure, so the right IV to
give them is D5W - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-False


T/F: Carbonic acid may dissociate into bicarbonate and a free H+ ion (it
can donate an H+) in order to decrease pH - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
True


T/F: Dopamine is an example of a catecholamine - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔-True


T/F: Dehydration will cause extracellular fluid to become hypotonic to
intracellular fluid - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-False


T/F: Cell lysis can be cause by hyponatremia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
true


T/F: Hypernatremia decreases the electrochemical gradient of sodium
into the cell, and so decreases the rate of action potentials - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔-false

,T/F: Auto regulation refers to when homeostasis is maintained with
neural or endocrine input - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-false


T/F: Interstitial fluid makes up the bulk of total extracellular fluid -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-true


T/F: ADH and oxytocin are both made in the supraoptic and
paraventricular nuclei - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-true


T/F: A person in the final stage of stress may suffer from potassium
deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-true


The three parts of the adenohypophysis are: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
pars tuberalis, pars intermedius, pars distalis


____ can cause metabolic alkalosis, while ___ and ___ can often be
caused by the same renal disfunction as metabolic alkalosis - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔-hyperaldosteronism, hyperkalemia, and hypochloremia


Hypoventilation will cause the blood to become more ___, and
excessive vomiting might cause the blood to become more _____ -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-acidic, alkaline

,Hormones that are derived from amino acids such as tyrosine include: -
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-thyroid hormone


The steps in T3 and T4 production are, in order: - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔-thyroglobulin in the colloid binds tyrosine, iodine is taken
in by follicular cells and activated by thyroid peroxidase, iodine binds to
tyrosine, cells endocytose thyroglobulin and digest it, hormone diffuses
into the blood


A product in one of the second messenger chains of reaction that
converts GTP into cGMP is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-guanylyl cyclase


A hormone that is released by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the
release of steroids from the adrenal cortex is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
adrenocorticotropic hormone


Hormones which bind to receptors INSIDE the cell instead of to
receptors ON the cell membrane include: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
steroids and thyroid hormones


What is the mechanism of action of oxytocin? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
it binds to receptors on the cell membrane and stimulates the
production of phospholipase C

, A mineralocorticoid produced in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal
cortex that causes renal retention of sodium to raise BP or to reduce
plasma potassium concentrations is ___, while the zona fasciculate of
the adrenal glands produces ____ - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-aldosterone,
cortisol


A hormone produced by the kidneys that simulates production of red
blood cells is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-erythropoietin


The production of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
is stimulated by: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-gonadotropin-releasing
hormones


A hormone that is released by the anterior pituitary that stimulated
melanocytes in fetuses, lizards, and fish is: - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
melanotropin


A disorder where lymphocytes attack the thyroid is called ___ and is a
form of ____. - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Hashimoto's disease,
hypothyroidism


A person does not produce enough ACTH. What problems might they
have? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-hypoglycemia and low testosterone