Medical Surgery Test Bank |Elaborations|65 Topics|Over 2000 Elaborated Questions-2019

6. A nurse is conducting community wellness seminars and teaches that a primary prevention activity for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a. avoiding alcohol. b. genetic testing. c. not smoking. d. regular exercise.7. A client tells the nurse that he read something about “dead space” in an article about emphysema and asks the nurse to explain it to him. The nurse’s most accurate answer would be the following: a. “Any part of your lungs that contains mucous secretions is called dead space.” b. “Dead space is an area of your lung that does not participate in air exchange.” c. “Parts of the lower airway that serve as a conduit for fresh air.” d. “This is a small area of necrotic tissue that can cause infection.”8. In assessing a client for emphysema, the nurse would know that a physical finding commonly associated with this condition is a. barrel chest. b. bulbous nose. c. spider angiomas. d. varicose veins.1. When an individual’s serum pH begins to fall below 7.35, the mechanism that responds instantaneously to return the serum pH to normal level is a. ammonia gas combining with H+. b. excretion of acid by the lungs. c. plasma bicarbonate buffering the acid. d. secretion of hydrogen ions (H+) by the kidneys.3. The nurse teaching a 32-year-old man with renal failure about the pathophysiologic mechanism of acid-base balance recognizes that the instructions have been understood when the client says a. “Acidic foods must be eliminated from my diet.” b. “I lose too much acid through my kidneys.” c. “My breathing increases to correct imbalances.” d. “My urine output will increase when my pH falls.”4. The nurse explains to a concerned family member of a client who has developed respiratory acidosis that the kidneys a. achieve optimal compensation immediately. b. are unable to compensate. c. can achieve optimal compensation in about 3 days. d. will compensate within 24 hours.