O and P Board written Test 2026-2027 Test
Bank 5/ Orthotics and Prosthetics Boards
Written Exam Prep with a Review of the
Latest 400 Questions and Answers (New!)
In dynamic alignment of a TF prosthesis, the patient's trunk bends laterally toward
the amputated side. This indicates what problem?
A. Prosthesis too long
B. Socket too abducted
C. Knee too medial
D. Foot internally rotated - ANSWER-B. Socket too abducted
What muscle is always transected in a knee disarticulation amputation?
A. Gracilis
B. Adductor magnus
C. Adductor longus
D. Adductor brevis
E. Pectineus - ANSWER-A. Gracilis
Patients with short TF amputations generally exhibit lateral trunk bending due to:
A. Inadequate suspension
B. Loss of lever arm
C. Loss of abductor muscles
D. Hip flexion contracture - ANSWER-B. Loss of lever arm
1
,Which of the following advantages does not apply for a polycentric knee
mechanism?
A. Improved clearance of foot
B. Enhanced stability of knee
C. Good for patients with weak hip extensors
D. Better clearance when sitting for KD patients - ANSWER-C. Good for patients
with weak hip extensors
All of the following factors contribute to vaulting with a TF prosthesis EXCEPT:
A. Prosthesis too long
B. Excessive knee friction
C. Inadequate suspension
D. Weak hip extensors - ANSWER-D. Weak hip extensors
The gluteus medius is most active during:
A. Initial contact
B. Mid-stance
C. Pre-swing
D. Double limb support - ANSWER-B. Mid-stance
Which of the following is a characteristic of a constant friction knee?
A. Eliminates the need for alignment stability
B. Aides in stabilization of the knee during stance
C. Supports body weights when the knee is slightly flexed
D. Reduces heel rise and terminal impact at normal cadence
2
,E. Permits the knee to swing at varying speeds depending on cadence - ANSWER-
D. Reduces heel rise and terminal impact at normal cadence
The toe of a TF prosthesis rotates externally at heel strike. Which is the MAIN
cause of this problem?
A. Knee externally rotated
B. Excessive toe out
C. Keel too short
D. Plantar flexion resistance too firm - ANSWER-D. Plantar flexion resistance too
firm
During normal human locomotion, how far does the center of gravity travel in the
coronal plane?
A. 1 inch
B. 2 inches
C. 3 inches
D. 4 inches - ANSWER-B. 2 inches
To minimize lateral bending of the trunk due to unilateral hip abductor weakness,
it is best to use:
A. A cane on the ipsilateral side
B. A cane on the contralateral side
C. A cane on both sides
D. Forearm crutches - ANSWER-B. A cane on the contralateral side
Surgical attachment of muscle to muscle is called:
A. Myoplasty
3
, B. Myodesis
C. Arthoplasty
D. Arthrodesis - ANSWER-A. Myoplasty
The center of gravity reaches its highest point at:
A. Initial contact
B. Loading response
C. Mid-stance
D. Pre-swing - ANSWER-C. Mid-stance
During normal human locomotion, between heel contact and foot flat, the ground
reaction force tends to cause which moments at the hip and knee?
A. Hip flexion, knee flexion
B. Hip flexion, knee extension
C. Hip extension, knee flexion
D. Hip extension, knee extension - ANSWER-A. Hip flexion, knee flexion
If the sciatic nerve is severed at the level of the lesser trochanter, muscle function
will NOT be impaired at the:
A. Hip joint
B. Knee joint
C. Ankle joint
D. Subtalar joint - ANSWER-A. Hip joint
What is not a load bearing area for a PTB TT socket?
A. Patellar tendon
4
Bank 5/ Orthotics and Prosthetics Boards
Written Exam Prep with a Review of the
Latest 400 Questions and Answers (New!)
In dynamic alignment of a TF prosthesis, the patient's trunk bends laterally toward
the amputated side. This indicates what problem?
A. Prosthesis too long
B. Socket too abducted
C. Knee too medial
D. Foot internally rotated - ANSWER-B. Socket too abducted
What muscle is always transected in a knee disarticulation amputation?
A. Gracilis
B. Adductor magnus
C. Adductor longus
D. Adductor brevis
E. Pectineus - ANSWER-A. Gracilis
Patients with short TF amputations generally exhibit lateral trunk bending due to:
A. Inadequate suspension
B. Loss of lever arm
C. Loss of abductor muscles
D. Hip flexion contracture - ANSWER-B. Loss of lever arm
1
,Which of the following advantages does not apply for a polycentric knee
mechanism?
A. Improved clearance of foot
B. Enhanced stability of knee
C. Good for patients with weak hip extensors
D. Better clearance when sitting for KD patients - ANSWER-C. Good for patients
with weak hip extensors
All of the following factors contribute to vaulting with a TF prosthesis EXCEPT:
A. Prosthesis too long
B. Excessive knee friction
C. Inadequate suspension
D. Weak hip extensors - ANSWER-D. Weak hip extensors
The gluteus medius is most active during:
A. Initial contact
B. Mid-stance
C. Pre-swing
D. Double limb support - ANSWER-B. Mid-stance
Which of the following is a characteristic of a constant friction knee?
A. Eliminates the need for alignment stability
B. Aides in stabilization of the knee during stance
C. Supports body weights when the knee is slightly flexed
D. Reduces heel rise and terminal impact at normal cadence
2
,E. Permits the knee to swing at varying speeds depending on cadence - ANSWER-
D. Reduces heel rise and terminal impact at normal cadence
The toe of a TF prosthesis rotates externally at heel strike. Which is the MAIN
cause of this problem?
A. Knee externally rotated
B. Excessive toe out
C. Keel too short
D. Plantar flexion resistance too firm - ANSWER-D. Plantar flexion resistance too
firm
During normal human locomotion, how far does the center of gravity travel in the
coronal plane?
A. 1 inch
B. 2 inches
C. 3 inches
D. 4 inches - ANSWER-B. 2 inches
To minimize lateral bending of the trunk due to unilateral hip abductor weakness,
it is best to use:
A. A cane on the ipsilateral side
B. A cane on the contralateral side
C. A cane on both sides
D. Forearm crutches - ANSWER-B. A cane on the contralateral side
Surgical attachment of muscle to muscle is called:
A. Myoplasty
3
, B. Myodesis
C. Arthoplasty
D. Arthrodesis - ANSWER-A. Myoplasty
The center of gravity reaches its highest point at:
A. Initial contact
B. Loading response
C. Mid-stance
D. Pre-swing - ANSWER-C. Mid-stance
During normal human locomotion, between heel contact and foot flat, the ground
reaction force tends to cause which moments at the hip and knee?
A. Hip flexion, knee flexion
B. Hip flexion, knee extension
C. Hip extension, knee flexion
D. Hip extension, knee extension - ANSWER-A. Hip flexion, knee flexion
If the sciatic nerve is severed at the level of the lesser trochanter, muscle function
will NOT be impaired at the:
A. Hip joint
B. Knee joint
C. Ankle joint
D. Subtalar joint - ANSWER-A. Hip joint
What is not a load bearing area for a PTB TT socket?
A. Patellar tendon
4
