NR 413 EXAM #4 [PHARM] COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.The acronym *SLUDGEM* is used to describe Parasympathetic
(cholinergic) effects. What does it stand for? - ANSWERS-*S*alivation
*L*acrimation
*U*rination
*D*efecation
*G*astroenteritis
*E*mesis
*M*iosis
\.Cholinergic Crisis - ANSWERS--Crisis of too much acetylcholinesterase
inhibitor medications
-Bradycardia, pallor, sweating, severe muscle weakness
\.Myasthenic Crisis - ANSWERS--Crisis of inadequate amounts of
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor medications (not enough)
-Severe generalized muscle weakness, dysphagia, weakness, fatigue,
ptosis
,\.Edrophonium Chloride (Tensilon) - ANSWERS--Agent used to
*diagnose* Myasthenia Gravis
-Ultrashort acting AChE Inhibitor
-If ptosis improved, diagnosis is most likely Myasthenia gravis or
Myasthenic Crisis
\.Pyridostigmine Bromide (Mestinon) - ANSWERS--Cholinesterase
Inhibitor (AChE Inhibitor)
-Intermediate action and helps with maintenance treatment of
myasthenia gravis
-Side effects: increased salivation, miosis, bradycardia, hypotension
\.Antidote for cholinergic crisis? - ANSWERS-Atropine (anticholinergic)
\.Beta-Interferon - ANSWERS--Immunomodulator
-Suppresses the inflammatory response and T-cell activation
-Can slow disease progression/prevent relapses of MS
-Side effects include SOB, chest pain, edema, neutropenia
\.Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medtrol) - ANSWERS--Immunosuppressant
Corticosteroid
, -Treats acute inflammation
-Utilize for acute exacerbations of MS
\.Cyclobenzaprine HCl (Flexeril) - ANSWERS--Centrally acting muscle
relaxant
-Not fully understood, but relieves muscle spasms by acting in the
*brain*. No action on neuromuscular junction or muscles involved
-Side effects: anticholinergic side effects, angioedema, MI, sedation
\.Dantrolene - ANSWERS--Peripherally acting muscle relaxant
-Decreases muscle spasm and increases ROM
\.Baclofen (Lioresal) Pumps - ANSWERS--Central Acting Muscle Relaxant
-For muscle spasms caused by MS and spinal cord injury
-OD may cause CNS depression
\.Contraindications of Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants? - ANSWERS--
Renal or liver disease
-Should not be taken concurrently with any other CNS depressants
-Don't stop abruptly! Rebound spasms can occur
\.2 Agents that treat Parkinson's Disease? - ANSWERS--Dopaminergics
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\.The acronym *SLUDGEM* is used to describe Parasympathetic
(cholinergic) effects. What does it stand for? - ANSWERS-*S*alivation
*L*acrimation
*U*rination
*D*efecation
*G*astroenteritis
*E*mesis
*M*iosis
\.Cholinergic Crisis - ANSWERS--Crisis of too much acetylcholinesterase
inhibitor medications
-Bradycardia, pallor, sweating, severe muscle weakness
\.Myasthenic Crisis - ANSWERS--Crisis of inadequate amounts of
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor medications (not enough)
-Severe generalized muscle weakness, dysphagia, weakness, fatigue,
ptosis
,\.Edrophonium Chloride (Tensilon) - ANSWERS--Agent used to
*diagnose* Myasthenia Gravis
-Ultrashort acting AChE Inhibitor
-If ptosis improved, diagnosis is most likely Myasthenia gravis or
Myasthenic Crisis
\.Pyridostigmine Bromide (Mestinon) - ANSWERS--Cholinesterase
Inhibitor (AChE Inhibitor)
-Intermediate action and helps with maintenance treatment of
myasthenia gravis
-Side effects: increased salivation, miosis, bradycardia, hypotension
\.Antidote for cholinergic crisis? - ANSWERS-Atropine (anticholinergic)
\.Beta-Interferon - ANSWERS--Immunomodulator
-Suppresses the inflammatory response and T-cell activation
-Can slow disease progression/prevent relapses of MS
-Side effects include SOB, chest pain, edema, neutropenia
\.Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medtrol) - ANSWERS--Immunosuppressant
Corticosteroid
, -Treats acute inflammation
-Utilize for acute exacerbations of MS
\.Cyclobenzaprine HCl (Flexeril) - ANSWERS--Centrally acting muscle
relaxant
-Not fully understood, but relieves muscle spasms by acting in the
*brain*. No action on neuromuscular junction or muscles involved
-Side effects: anticholinergic side effects, angioedema, MI, sedation
\.Dantrolene - ANSWERS--Peripherally acting muscle relaxant
-Decreases muscle spasm and increases ROM
\.Baclofen (Lioresal) Pumps - ANSWERS--Central Acting Muscle Relaxant
-For muscle spasms caused by MS and spinal cord injury
-OD may cause CNS depression
\.Contraindications of Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants? - ANSWERS--
Renal or liver disease
-Should not be taken concurrently with any other CNS depressants
-Don't stop abruptly! Rebound spasms can occur
\.2 Agents that treat Parkinson's Disease? - ANSWERS--Dopaminergics
