NUR 2474 EXAMS UPDATE
---
## 📚 Exam Overview
**NUR 2474 - Pharmacology for Professional Nursing** covers drug classifications, mechanisms of
action, adverse effects, patient teaching, and priority nursing interventions. The exam emphasizes
clinical application and safe medication administration .
---
## 💊 Section 1: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics
| Question | Correct Answer & Rationale |
| :--- | :--- |
| A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a high first-pass effect. Which route should
the nurse anticipate to avoid this effect? | **Sublingual** - First-pass effect occurs when orally
, administered drugs are metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation. Sublingual, buccal,
IV, and transdermal routes bypass the liver . |
| A patient is prescribed a drug with a half-life of 12 hours. How long will it take for the drug to reach
steady state? | **48 hours** - Steady state is reached after approximately 4-5 half-lives (12 hrs × 4 = 48
hrs) . |
| Which pharmacokinetic phase describes the movement of a drug from the site of administration into
the bloodstream? | **Absorption** - This is the first pharmacokinetic phase . |
| A patient is receiving a drug that is 90% protein-bound. Another drug with high protein-binding affinity
is added. The nurse should monitor for: | **Increased free fraction and toxicity of the first drug** -
Protein-binding displacement increases the free (active) fraction, leading to increased effect and
potential toxicity . |
| What is the term for an unusual, abnormal reaction that occurs when a drug is first administered? |
**Idiosyncratic reaction** - These reactions are believed to be related to genetic enzyme deficiencies . |
| The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the priority action? |
**Notify physician of allergic reaction** - Hives/urticaria indicate hypersensitivity . |
| What do drug blood levels indicate? | **They determine if the amount of drug in the body is in a
therapeutic range** . |
---
## ❤️ Section 2: Cardiovascular Drugs
| Question | Correct Answer & Rationale |
| :--- | :--- |
| HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor (Statin) | **Lovastatin** |
| Thiazide Diuretic | **Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)** |
| Potassium-Sparing Diuretic | **Spironolactone** |
| ACE Inhibitors | **Lisinopril, Captopril** |
| Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | **Losartan** |
---
## 📚 Exam Overview
**NUR 2474 - Pharmacology for Professional Nursing** covers drug classifications, mechanisms of
action, adverse effects, patient teaching, and priority nursing interventions. The exam emphasizes
clinical application and safe medication administration .
---
## 💊 Section 1: Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics
| Question | Correct Answer & Rationale |
| :--- | :--- |
| A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a high first-pass effect. Which route should
the nurse anticipate to avoid this effect? | **Sublingual** - First-pass effect occurs when orally
, administered drugs are metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation. Sublingual, buccal,
IV, and transdermal routes bypass the liver . |
| A patient is prescribed a drug with a half-life of 12 hours. How long will it take for the drug to reach
steady state? | **48 hours** - Steady state is reached after approximately 4-5 half-lives (12 hrs × 4 = 48
hrs) . |
| Which pharmacokinetic phase describes the movement of a drug from the site of administration into
the bloodstream? | **Absorption** - This is the first pharmacokinetic phase . |
| A patient is receiving a drug that is 90% protein-bound. Another drug with high protein-binding affinity
is added. The nurse should monitor for: | **Increased free fraction and toxicity of the first drug** -
Protein-binding displacement increases the free (active) fraction, leading to increased effect and
potential toxicity . |
| What is the term for an unusual, abnormal reaction that occurs when a drug is first administered? |
**Idiosyncratic reaction** - These reactions are believed to be related to genetic enzyme deficiencies . |
| The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the priority action? |
**Notify physician of allergic reaction** - Hives/urticaria indicate hypersensitivity . |
| What do drug blood levels indicate? | **They determine if the amount of drug in the body is in a
therapeutic range** . |
---
## ❤️ Section 2: Cardiovascular Drugs
| Question | Correct Answer & Rationale |
| :--- | :--- |
| HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor (Statin) | **Lovastatin** |
| Thiazide Diuretic | **Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)** |
| Potassium-Sparing Diuretic | **Spironolactone** |
| ACE Inhibitors | **Lisinopril, Captopril** |
| Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | **Losartan** |
