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OT role - ANSWER ✔✔Detect unrecognized visual deficits with
functional vision eval, identify visual strengths, determine appropriate
intervention & refer to optometry/ophthalmology
Optometry role - ANSWER ✔✔Specializes in diseases & disorders of
visual system, eye & diagnosis of conditions
Ophthalmology role - ANSWER ✔✔Specializes in diseases of the eye
& eye surgery
,Extraocular muscles - ANSWER ✔✔Attaches to sclera
Includes
o Superior rectus
o Inferior rectus
o Medial rectus
o Lateral rectus
o Superior oblique
o Inferior oblique
Rectus extraocular muscles - ANSWER ✔✔Controls up, down, and
side to side eye movements
Oblique extraocular muscles - ANSWER ✔✔Controls rotation of the
eye during angled viewing
Refraction of light pathway - ANSWER ✔✔Light enters the eye
through the cornea --> iris --> pupil --> lens --> retina
Cornea - ANSWER ✔✔- Refracting surface providing 2/3 of the eye's
focusing power
- Curvature determines presence of myopia, hyperopia & astigmatism
,- Clinical importance: Blurry vision in reading, identifying people's faces,
navigation, can cause headaches & dizziness
Iris - ANSWER ✔✔- Regulates amount of light entering pupil
- Color of eye & contains pupil
- Clinical importance: Community mobility & driving
Pupil - ANSWER ✔✔- Size determines amount of light entering the
eye
- Size controlled by dilator & sphincter muscles of iris
- Clinical importance: Community mobility & driving
Lens - ANSWER ✔✔- Changes shape to accommodate or focus on
objects at various distances b/c it changes how far light travels into eye
- Clinical importance: Greater risk for falls
Sclera - ANSWER ✔✔- Connects extraocular muscles and optic
nerve to eye
- White part of eye
Choroid - ANSWER ✔✔Composed of layer of blood vessels that
nourish back of eye
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, Aqueous humor - ANSWER ✔✔- Thin, watery fluid that fills space
between cornea & iris
- Nourishes cornea & lens; gives front of eye form & shape
Ciliary body - ANSWER ✔✔- Produces aqueous humor & controls
accommodation by changing shape of lens
- Clinical importance: activities that involve far & near
Vitreous humor - ANSWER ✔✔- Thick, jelly-like substance that fills
center of eye
- Transmits light
- Holds retina in place
- Provides support for lens
- Gives eye form and shape
- Allows eye to return to normal shape if compressed
Retina - ANSWER ✔✔- Converts light into neural signals
- Contains rods & cones and macula
Rods - ANSWER ✔✔Responsible for peripheral & night vision
Cones - ANSWER ✔✔Sensitive to bright light & color