Hlth 205 Final Exam and All Correct
Answers.
How is health defined according to the World Health Organization? - Answer Health is
defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
What is a major criticism of the WHO's definition of health? - Answer It is considered overly
idealistic and impractical, as 'complete' well-being is unattainable for most individuals.
What does the health continuum model emphasize? - Answer It emphasizes that individuals
move along a spectrum from optimal wellness to severe illness, recognizing that chronic illness
can coexist with high levels of well-being.
Why is health considered a political issue? - Answer The definition of health influences
government funding, population prioritization, and intervention types, reflecting the power of
policymakers and institutions.
What are the three competing models of health mentioned? - Answer Biomedical,
functional, and holistic models.
What was the focus of health explanations in pre-modern societies? - Answer Health and
illness were explained through spiritual or supernatural beliefs.
What significant changes did the Industrial Revolution bring to health? - Answer It
highlighted the role of environmental and social conditions in health, leading to public health
interventions like sanitation systems.
What did the emergence of germ theory in the 19th century lead to? - Answer It shifted the
focus toward biological causes of disease and established the foundation for the biomedical
model.
What does the modern understanding of health emphasize? - Answer It recognizes the
importance of social, psychological, and environmental factors in health outcomes.
What is the biomedical model's main assumption about health? - Answer Health is defined
as the absence of disease, with identifiable biological causes for illnesses.
What does the social model of health emphasize? - Answer Health is shaped by social
determinants like income, education, and living conditions.
, What is the holistic model of health? - Answer It includes physical, mental, emotional, social,
and spiritual dimensions of health.
What does the biopsychosocial model integrate? - Answer It integrates biological,
psychological, and social perspectives to provide a comprehensive understanding of health.
What are social determinants of health? - Answer Conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work, and age, shaped by broader social, economic, and political forces.
What does the social gradient in health indicate? - Answer Health improves incrementally
with each step up the socioeconomic ladder.
What is the fundamental cause theory? - Answer It suggests that social factors like
socioeconomic status persistently determine health by influencing access to resources.
What is the role of political action in addressing social determinants of health? - Answer
System-level interventions and policy changes are necessary to improve population health.
What are health behaviours? - Answer Actions taken by individuals that affect their health,
influenced by various factors beyond individual choice.
How are health behaviours patterned? - Answer They are shaped by social conditions,
including environment, access to resources, cultural norms, and social expectations.
What does the Health Belief Model emphasize? - Answer It emphasizes individuals'
perceptions of risk and benefits, suggesting that people are more likely to engage in health
behaviors if they believe they are susceptible to a condition and that taking action will reduce
that risk.
Who developed the Theory of Planned Behaviour? - Answer Icek Ajzen
What are the three key components that influence intention in the Theory of Planned
Behaviour? - Answer Attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived
behavioral control.
What stages are included in the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change? - Answer
Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
Answers.
How is health defined according to the World Health Organization? - Answer Health is
defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
What is a major criticism of the WHO's definition of health? - Answer It is considered overly
idealistic and impractical, as 'complete' well-being is unattainable for most individuals.
What does the health continuum model emphasize? - Answer It emphasizes that individuals
move along a spectrum from optimal wellness to severe illness, recognizing that chronic illness
can coexist with high levels of well-being.
Why is health considered a political issue? - Answer The definition of health influences
government funding, population prioritization, and intervention types, reflecting the power of
policymakers and institutions.
What are the three competing models of health mentioned? - Answer Biomedical,
functional, and holistic models.
What was the focus of health explanations in pre-modern societies? - Answer Health and
illness were explained through spiritual or supernatural beliefs.
What significant changes did the Industrial Revolution bring to health? - Answer It
highlighted the role of environmental and social conditions in health, leading to public health
interventions like sanitation systems.
What did the emergence of germ theory in the 19th century lead to? - Answer It shifted the
focus toward biological causes of disease and established the foundation for the biomedical
model.
What does the modern understanding of health emphasize? - Answer It recognizes the
importance of social, psychological, and environmental factors in health outcomes.
What is the biomedical model's main assumption about health? - Answer Health is defined
as the absence of disease, with identifiable biological causes for illnesses.
What does the social model of health emphasize? - Answer Health is shaped by social
determinants like income, education, and living conditions.
, What is the holistic model of health? - Answer It includes physical, mental, emotional, social,
and spiritual dimensions of health.
What does the biopsychosocial model integrate? - Answer It integrates biological,
psychological, and social perspectives to provide a comprehensive understanding of health.
What are social determinants of health? - Answer Conditions in which people are born,
grow, live, work, and age, shaped by broader social, economic, and political forces.
What does the social gradient in health indicate? - Answer Health improves incrementally
with each step up the socioeconomic ladder.
What is the fundamental cause theory? - Answer It suggests that social factors like
socioeconomic status persistently determine health by influencing access to resources.
What is the role of political action in addressing social determinants of health? - Answer
System-level interventions and policy changes are necessary to improve population health.
What are health behaviours? - Answer Actions taken by individuals that affect their health,
influenced by various factors beyond individual choice.
How are health behaviours patterned? - Answer They are shaped by social conditions,
including environment, access to resources, cultural norms, and social expectations.
What does the Health Belief Model emphasize? - Answer It emphasizes individuals'
perceptions of risk and benefits, suggesting that people are more likely to engage in health
behaviors if they believe they are susceptible to a condition and that taking action will reduce
that risk.
Who developed the Theory of Planned Behaviour? - Answer Icek Ajzen
What are the three key components that influence intention in the Theory of Planned
Behaviour? - Answer Attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived
behavioral control.
What stages are included in the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change? - Answer
Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance.
