NURS 8022 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM 2026-2027 COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST !
What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one
of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
Epigenetic modifications
Transcription is best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
,nondisjunction error
A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called __________ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
klinefelter
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an __________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
Ans: A- high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the
blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral
hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
A) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the blood
vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
,B) high sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the brain
cells, causing them to swell
C) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which
slows the synapses in the brain
D) high sodium in the blood vessels draws chloride into the brain cells followed by
water, causing the brain cells to swell
Organelle that contains the code needed for oxidative phosphorylation is:
a. mitochondria
b. lysosomes
c. nucleus
d. vacuoles
mitochondria
Programmed cell death is an active process of cellular self-destruction. It is also
referred to as
a. apoptosis
b. necrosis
c. metastatic calcification
d. gangrene
Apoptosis
A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level
and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
, b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
physiologic jaundice
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released
during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Lysosomes
Ans: B- peroxisomes
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
EXAM 2026-2027 COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST !
What genetic process is likely responsible for the occurrence of asthma in only one
of a pair of identical twins?
a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
Epigenetic modifications
Transcription is best defined as a process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?
a. paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
,nondisjunction error
A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called __________ syndrome.
a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
klinefelter
Cystic fibrosis is caused by an __________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
Ans: A- high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the
blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral
hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
A) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the blood
vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
,B) high sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the brain
cells, causing them to swell
C) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which
slows the synapses in the brain
D) high sodium in the blood vessels draws chloride into the brain cells followed by
water, causing the brain cells to swell
Organelle that contains the code needed for oxidative phosphorylation is:
a. mitochondria
b. lysosomes
c. nucleus
d. vacuoles
mitochondria
Programmed cell death is an active process of cellular self-destruction. It is also
referred to as
a. apoptosis
b. necrosis
c. metastatic calcification
d. gangrene
Apoptosis
A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level
and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have:
a. physiologic jaundice
, b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
physiologic jaundice
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released
during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi
c reticulum
d. golgi complex
Lysosomes
Ans: B- peroxisomes
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative
reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes
