CITP -Exam 3 Questions and Correct
Answers (Latest 2026-2027) Update
Recognize when the fourth amendment applies to government actions -Correct
Answer ✔-1. Whether the government knows or acquiesce in the private actor's
conduct
2. whether the private party intents to assist law enforcement officers at the time
of the search
3. whether the government affirmatively encourages, initiates, or participates in
the private action
Identify situations when a reasonable expectation of privacy exists -Correct
Answer ✔->The individual must have exhibited an actual expectation of privacy
>The expectation must be one the society (as determined by the Supreme Court)
is prepared to recognize as reasonable
Common search areas without REP -Correct Answer ✔-the body (except inside the
body)
passengers do not have REP but their stuff does
Open Fields even if there are 'no trespassing signs'
Government workplaces - REP could exist depending on prior notice (computer
banners of limited or no REP), common practices, openness and accessibility of
the area, whether the position of the employee requires special trust and
confidence, whether the employee waived REP through bargaining process
>Abandoned Property
Methods and Devices for searches -Correct Answer ✔->Canine Sniffs - luggage in a
public space has no REP
>Sensory Enhancements - use of lights at night does not create a 'search' if
otherwise visible in daylight; thermal imaging would be considered a search
>Aircraft Overflights - what is visible to the naked eye does not have REP
>Cell Site Location Information - conversations do not have REP when using naked
ears
,Identify actions that may be taken when reasonable suspicion exists -Correct
Answer ✔-1. a consensual encounter
2. Investigative detention
3. Terry Frisk
a consensual encounter -Correct Answer ✔-a hunch or mere suspicion (not a
seizure)
brief voluntary encounter between a law enforcement officer and an individual
an officer may ask questions even incriminating ones
the officer may request (not demand) to see ID
the officer may ID him/herself and display credentials
the officer may seek consent for a search or frisk
investigative detentions -Correct Answer ✔-Reasonable suspicion criminal activity
is afoot
1. reasonable suspicion - could be collective knowledge from other LEOs; personal
observations; quality or quantity of a tip
2. criminal activity is afoot - crime is about to be/has been/is being committed
whats a terry frisk -Correct Answer ✔-RSPAAD
detention
the officer must reasonably suspect that the person is presently armed and
dangerous
plain touch doctrine to seize evidence - discovery must be lawful; item must be
immediately apparent to the officer without manipulation
frisks of vehicles can be unlocked containers/entire passenger compartment
cannot frisk the trunk
arrest can happen if -Correct Answer ✔-PC exists
radicalization -Correct Answer ✔-process by which individuals come to believe
that their engagement in or facilitation
, extremist movement -Correct Answer ✔-consists of individuals working together
to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas/following an extremist
ideology without an organization
Violent Extremists -Correct Answer ✔-individuals mobilized to plan, support, and
conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance of their extremist ideology
Domestic Violent Extremist -Correct Answer ✔-AKA Domestic Terrorist
A U.S.based individual, who has radicalized to a domestic extremist belief in the
U.S., whether a follower or member of a movement or group without inspiration,
influence, or direction from any FTO, and who has "mobilized" by planning and
preparing to support or conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance of their
extremist ideology
Homegrown violent extremist -Correct Answer ✔-a person of an citizenship who
lives or operates primarily in the US or its territories
who: advocates, engages in, or is preparing to engage in or support terrorist
activities in furtherance of a foreign terrorist organization's objectives; who is
acting independently of foreign terrorist direction.
HVE Foreign Fighter -Correct Answer ✔-a person of any citizenship who lives or
operates primarily in the US or its territories who advocates and is preparing to
engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a foreign terrorist orgs
Lone Offender -Correct Answer ✔-An individual motivated by one or more
extremist ideologies, who operates alone to support or engaged in acts of
unlawful violence in furtherance of that ideology or ideologies
Anti-Terrorism -Correct Answer ✔-Defensive measures used to reduce the
vulnerability of individuals
Counterterrorism -Correct Answer ✔-Direct actions taken against terrorist
networks and indirect actions to influence and render global and regional
environments inhospitable to terrorist networks
Answers (Latest 2026-2027) Update
Recognize when the fourth amendment applies to government actions -Correct
Answer ✔-1. Whether the government knows or acquiesce in the private actor's
conduct
2. whether the private party intents to assist law enforcement officers at the time
of the search
3. whether the government affirmatively encourages, initiates, or participates in
the private action
Identify situations when a reasonable expectation of privacy exists -Correct
Answer ✔->The individual must have exhibited an actual expectation of privacy
>The expectation must be one the society (as determined by the Supreme Court)
is prepared to recognize as reasonable
Common search areas without REP -Correct Answer ✔-the body (except inside the
body)
passengers do not have REP but their stuff does
Open Fields even if there are 'no trespassing signs'
Government workplaces - REP could exist depending on prior notice (computer
banners of limited or no REP), common practices, openness and accessibility of
the area, whether the position of the employee requires special trust and
confidence, whether the employee waived REP through bargaining process
>Abandoned Property
Methods and Devices for searches -Correct Answer ✔->Canine Sniffs - luggage in a
public space has no REP
>Sensory Enhancements - use of lights at night does not create a 'search' if
otherwise visible in daylight; thermal imaging would be considered a search
>Aircraft Overflights - what is visible to the naked eye does not have REP
>Cell Site Location Information - conversations do not have REP when using naked
ears
,Identify actions that may be taken when reasonable suspicion exists -Correct
Answer ✔-1. a consensual encounter
2. Investigative detention
3. Terry Frisk
a consensual encounter -Correct Answer ✔-a hunch or mere suspicion (not a
seizure)
brief voluntary encounter between a law enforcement officer and an individual
an officer may ask questions even incriminating ones
the officer may request (not demand) to see ID
the officer may ID him/herself and display credentials
the officer may seek consent for a search or frisk
investigative detentions -Correct Answer ✔-Reasonable suspicion criminal activity
is afoot
1. reasonable suspicion - could be collective knowledge from other LEOs; personal
observations; quality or quantity of a tip
2. criminal activity is afoot - crime is about to be/has been/is being committed
whats a terry frisk -Correct Answer ✔-RSPAAD
detention
the officer must reasonably suspect that the person is presently armed and
dangerous
plain touch doctrine to seize evidence - discovery must be lawful; item must be
immediately apparent to the officer without manipulation
frisks of vehicles can be unlocked containers/entire passenger compartment
cannot frisk the trunk
arrest can happen if -Correct Answer ✔-PC exists
radicalization -Correct Answer ✔-process by which individuals come to believe
that their engagement in or facilitation
, extremist movement -Correct Answer ✔-consists of individuals working together
to advance their shared political, social, or artistic ideas/following an extremist
ideology without an organization
Violent Extremists -Correct Answer ✔-individuals mobilized to plan, support, and
conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance of their extremist ideology
Domestic Violent Extremist -Correct Answer ✔-AKA Domestic Terrorist
A U.S.based individual, who has radicalized to a domestic extremist belief in the
U.S., whether a follower or member of a movement or group without inspiration,
influence, or direction from any FTO, and who has "mobilized" by planning and
preparing to support or conduct violent illegal behavior in furtherance of their
extremist ideology
Homegrown violent extremist -Correct Answer ✔-a person of an citizenship who
lives or operates primarily in the US or its territories
who: advocates, engages in, or is preparing to engage in or support terrorist
activities in furtherance of a foreign terrorist organization's objectives; who is
acting independently of foreign terrorist direction.
HVE Foreign Fighter -Correct Answer ✔-a person of any citizenship who lives or
operates primarily in the US or its territories who advocates and is preparing to
engage in or support terrorist activities in furtherance of a foreign terrorist orgs
Lone Offender -Correct Answer ✔-An individual motivated by one or more
extremist ideologies, who operates alone to support or engaged in acts of
unlawful violence in furtherance of that ideology or ideologies
Anti-Terrorism -Correct Answer ✔-Defensive measures used to reduce the
vulnerability of individuals
Counterterrorism -Correct Answer ✔-Direct actions taken against terrorist
networks and indirect actions to influence and render global and regional
environments inhospitable to terrorist networks
