HNF 150 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *Folate*. Answer: 1. Megaloblastic
or Macrocytic Anemia
2. Neural Tube Defects/ Spina Bifida
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *B12*. Answer: 1. Pernicious
Anemia
2. Megaloblastic or Macrocytic Anemia (Folate or B12)
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *B6*. Answer: 1. Seborrheic
dermatitis
2. Microcystic hypo chronic anemia
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin D*. Answer: 1. Rickets (Kids)
-Soft bones, bowed legs
-Short stature/growth retardation
-Enlargement of ends of long bones
-Deformities of ribs
-Poorly formed teeth
,-Weakened muscles
-Increased calcium in stools
2. Osteomalacia (Adults)
-Softening of the bone, bone pain, compressed vertebrae, fractures
3. Osteoporosis (Adults)
-Lower peak bone mass and/or bone loss
-Decreased bone strength leads to breaks and falls
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin A*. Answer: -Night Blindness
-Xerophthalmia (irreversible blindness)
--Eyes: grey spots
-Keratinization - Follicular Hyperkeratosis = skin changes
-Blindness
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin E*. Answer: -Hemolytic
Anemia (rare in humans): premature breakdown of red blood cells
(hemolysis)
, -Neurological Changes: Loss of muscle coordination and
reflexes, impaired vision and speech
-Immune Function impairment
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin C*. Answer: Scurvy: Fatigue,
pinpoint hemorrhages around hair follicles, gum and joint bleeding,
impaired wound healing, bone pain and fractures, psychological
problems in advanced stages, diarrhea and death (apparent after 20-40
days)
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Thiamin*. Answer: 1. *Beriberi*
(QUICK!)
-Dry: weakness, mental confusion and memory loss, lack of appetite and
weight loss, nerve damage and muscle wasting
-Wet: Dry symptoms(above) plus GI and cardiovascular impairment,
enlarged heart, congestive heart failure, and EDEMA
2. *Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome* - chronic alcoholics
-Symptoms mimic being drunk-double vision, apathy, confusion, lack of
muscle coordination
3. *Infant Deficiency* - inadequate thiamin in breastmilk
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *Folate*. Answer: 1. Megaloblastic
or Macrocytic Anemia
2. Neural Tube Defects/ Spina Bifida
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *B12*. Answer: 1. Pernicious
Anemia
2. Megaloblastic or Macrocytic Anemia (Folate or B12)
⩥ Classic deficiency disease(s) for *B6*. Answer: 1. Seborrheic
dermatitis
2. Microcystic hypo chronic anemia
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin D*. Answer: 1. Rickets (Kids)
-Soft bones, bowed legs
-Short stature/growth retardation
-Enlargement of ends of long bones
-Deformities of ribs
-Poorly formed teeth
,-Weakened muscles
-Increased calcium in stools
2. Osteomalacia (Adults)
-Softening of the bone, bone pain, compressed vertebrae, fractures
3. Osteoporosis (Adults)
-Lower peak bone mass and/or bone loss
-Decreased bone strength leads to breaks and falls
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin A*. Answer: -Night Blindness
-Xerophthalmia (irreversible blindness)
--Eyes: grey spots
-Keratinization - Follicular Hyperkeratosis = skin changes
-Blindness
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin E*. Answer: -Hemolytic
Anemia (rare in humans): premature breakdown of red blood cells
(hemolysis)
, -Neurological Changes: Loss of muscle coordination and
reflexes, impaired vision and speech
-Immune Function impairment
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Vitamin C*. Answer: Scurvy: Fatigue,
pinpoint hemorrhages around hair follicles, gum and joint bleeding,
impaired wound healing, bone pain and fractures, psychological
problems in advanced stages, diarrhea and death (apparent after 20-40
days)
⩥ Symptoms of deficiency for *Thiamin*. Answer: 1. *Beriberi*
(QUICK!)
-Dry: weakness, mental confusion and memory loss, lack of appetite and
weight loss, nerve damage and muscle wasting
-Wet: Dry symptoms(above) plus GI and cardiovascular impairment,
enlarged heart, congestive heart failure, and EDEMA
2. *Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome* - chronic alcoholics
-Symptoms mimic being drunk-double vision, apathy, confusion, lack of
muscle coordination
3. *Infant Deficiency* - inadequate thiamin in breastmilk
