PSY 490 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
army testing project - Answers - method: army alpha for literate groups (8 subtests on analogies on
everyday judgments, following directions and math), army beta for illiterate groups (made of picture
completion, drawing and symbol recognition)
- results: the army testing project did not bring significant changes to the way the military selected
and placed its recruits
howard a. knox - Answers an assistant surgeon at the immigration station, agreed and assembled a
collection of tests, including the binet test, a geometry test, and a test on knowledge of everyday
issues
iowa child welfare station - Answers founded in 1917 as a research institution to study the behavior
and skills of ordinary children under everyday conditions (kurt lewin) - contribution to nature-nuture
debate
hawthorne experiments - Answers the emergence of the human relations department (how
treatment of workers impacts productivity)
what is language - Answers an acquired tool from our ancestors during evolution through which a
child internalizes external contents and learns social rules
zone of proximal development - Answers the difference between a child's learning progress with help
or guidance of an adult and this child's learning achievement without the guidance of an adult
young children's thinking - Answers young children think and make judgments using different
thinking principles compared with older children and grown ups
for piaget there are two sides of the process of adaptation of learning: - Answers - assimilation:
adopting operations with new objects into old mind patterns
- accommodation: modifying one's mental structures to fit the new demands of the environment
jacob moreno - Answers psychodrama: required participants to explore their own internal conflicts
by acting out their emotions in front of one another
galton - Answers claimed that personality was not an abstract concept but a measurable combination
of features and traits, and some stable constructs of an individual's behavior and thinking
gordon allport - Answers - argued that character and personality were distinct entities - character
was a moral category, while personality referred to the objective self, the fundamental adjustment
patterns that an individual forms over the course of his or her experience
- maintained that there was a stable core of traits in every person and argued that personality consists
of a potent collection of qualities or traits
- social progressivist: solutions to problems such as poverty, crime, and violence should be found in
science, particularly in psychology
ellis island testing - Answers - an 1882 immigration law excluded any potential immigrant who was
"likely to become a public charge,"
- medical evidence could be cited to support immigration restrictions
- Congress explicitly referred to "imbeciles" and the "feebleminded"as people who should be
excluded from admission to the United States
- immigrants were deported from the U.S. as mentally defected
skinner's contribution to the war - Answers project pigeon: pigeons trained to guide missiles (never
used in combat)
tolman - Answers purposive or operational behaviorism, he added the O in the S-R hence S-O-R
(stimulus, organism, response)
cognitive maps - Answers individuals code and store memories and responses about particular
elements of their experience (holistic perspective, moved away from behaviorist philosophy)
karl lashley - Answers his experiments revealed that if certain parts of the brain are damaged, other
parts of the brain take on the role of the damaged
operant conditioning - Answers rewards or punishments follow certain actions (conditioning based
on activities producing effect)
murray - Answers answers to telling a story based on a picture would reveal themas (themes)
containing specific psychological needs of a person
defense mechanisms (ego defenses, anna freud) - Answers specific unconscious structures that
enable an individual to avoid awareness of anxiety arousing issues
army testing project - Answers - method: army alpha for literate groups (8 subtests on analogies on
everyday judgments, following directions and math), army beta for illiterate groups (made of picture
completion, drawing and symbol recognition)
- results: the army testing project did not bring significant changes to the way the military selected
and placed its recruits
howard a. knox - Answers an assistant surgeon at the immigration station, agreed and assembled a
collection of tests, including the binet test, a geometry test, and a test on knowledge of everyday
issues
iowa child welfare station - Answers founded in 1917 as a research institution to study the behavior
and skills of ordinary children under everyday conditions (kurt lewin) - contribution to nature-nuture
debate
hawthorne experiments - Answers the emergence of the human relations department (how
treatment of workers impacts productivity)
what is language - Answers an acquired tool from our ancestors during evolution through which a
child internalizes external contents and learns social rules
zone of proximal development - Answers the difference between a child's learning progress with help
or guidance of an adult and this child's learning achievement without the guidance of an adult
young children's thinking - Answers young children think and make judgments using different
thinking principles compared with older children and grown ups
for piaget there are two sides of the process of adaptation of learning: - Answers - assimilation:
adopting operations with new objects into old mind patterns
- accommodation: modifying one's mental structures to fit the new demands of the environment
jacob moreno - Answers psychodrama: required participants to explore their own internal conflicts
by acting out their emotions in front of one another
galton - Answers claimed that personality was not an abstract concept but a measurable combination
of features and traits, and some stable constructs of an individual's behavior and thinking
gordon allport - Answers - argued that character and personality were distinct entities - character
was a moral category, while personality referred to the objective self, the fundamental adjustment
patterns that an individual forms over the course of his or her experience
- maintained that there was a stable core of traits in every person and argued that personality consists
of a potent collection of qualities or traits
- social progressivist: solutions to problems such as poverty, crime, and violence should be found in
science, particularly in psychology
ellis island testing - Answers - an 1882 immigration law excluded any potential immigrant who was
"likely to become a public charge,"
- medical evidence could be cited to support immigration restrictions
- Congress explicitly referred to "imbeciles" and the "feebleminded"as people who should be
excluded from admission to the United States
- immigrants were deported from the U.S. as mentally defected
skinner's contribution to the war - Answers project pigeon: pigeons trained to guide missiles (never
used in combat)
tolman - Answers purposive or operational behaviorism, he added the O in the S-R hence S-O-R
(stimulus, organism, response)
cognitive maps - Answers individuals code and store memories and responses about particular
elements of their experience (holistic perspective, moved away from behaviorist philosophy)
karl lashley - Answers his experiments revealed that if certain parts of the brain are damaged, other
parts of the brain take on the role of the damaged
operant conditioning - Answers rewards or punishments follow certain actions (conditioning based
on activities producing effect)
murray - Answers answers to telling a story based on a picture would reveal themas (themes)
containing specific psychological needs of a person
defense mechanisms (ego defenses, anna freud) - Answers specific unconscious structures that
enable an individual to avoid awareness of anxiety arousing issues
