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NUR 138 Pain Management, Tuberculosis & Gout Pharmacology Exam Questions and Answers (120+ Q&A) | Opioids, NSAIDs, Naloxone, TB Medications & NCLEX Prep | Nursing Pharmacology

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This comprehensive NUR 138 pharmacology study guide contains more than 120 detailed exam questions and correct answers focused on pain management, opioid medications, NSAIDs, tuberculosis pharmacology, gout treatment, medication safety, adverse drug reactions, and nursing interventions commonly tested on nursing exams and NCLEX-style assessments. The material provides extensive review content covering opioid agonists, naloxone, naltrexone, methadone, fentanyl, hydromorphone, codeine, acetaminophen toxicity, NSAID therapy, salicylate toxicity, tuberculosis medications, gout pharmacology, and evidence-based nursing responsibilities during medication administration. The document offers nursing students an in-depth understanding of pain physiology, analgesic classification, opioid safety, and pharmacological treatment strategies used in acute and chronic pain management. Key concepts include somatic pain, opioid overdose recognition, respiratory depression, naloxone reversal therapy, breakthrough pain management, opioid withdrawal syndrome, fentanyl transdermal patch administration, hydromorphone monitoring, meperidine toxicity, and nursing assessment priorities during opioid therapy. The guide also explains the mechanisms of non-opioid analgesics and NSAIDs, including prostaglandin inhibition, cyclooxygenase (COX) blockade, ceiling effects, GI bleeding risks, aspirin toxicity, metabolic acidosis, and contraindications in asthma, pregnancy, and anticoagulant therapy. Special emphasis is placed on tuberculosis pharmacology and safe administration of antitubercular medications. The study guide reviews latent TB, multidrug-resistant TB, airborne transmission, granuloma formation, and major TB medications including rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and bedaquiline. Nursing responsibilities such as monitoring liver enzymes, identifying hepatotoxicity, assessing for peripheral neuropathy, obtaining ECGs for cardiac monitoring, evaluating hearing and vision changes, and reinforcing medication adherence are explained through NCLEX-style clinical scenarios that strengthen critical thinking and medication safety skills. Additional topics include gout pathophysiology, colchicine therapy, allopurinol use, xanthine oxidase inhibition, dietary modifications, fluid intake recommendations, renal precautions, and nursing interventions for acute gout attacks. Students will also review medication-related complications such as leukopenia, rash, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and opioid-induced respiratory depression while learning prioritization strategies for safe patient care. The concepts covered in this resource align with evidence-based pharmacology and nursing practice standards discussed in authoritative references including Lehne’s Pharmacology for Nursing Care, Pharmacology and the Nursing Process by Lilley, Harrington & Snyder, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tuberculosis treatment guidelines, and Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) recommendations for opioid safety. Additional support for the clinical concepts included in this guide can be found in peer-reviewed journals such as the Journal of Clinical Nursing, Nurse Educator, and the American Journal of Nursing, which emphasize safe medication administration, opioid stewardship, antimicrobial adherence, and evidence-based pharmacologic care. This study document is highly relevant for NUR 138 students, pharmacology nursing students, BSN students, RN candidates, practical nursing students, NCLEX preparation learners, medical-surgical nursing students, healthcare trainees, clinical placement students, and nursing professionals preparing for pharmacology exams, medication administration assessments, or nursing competency evaluations. Keywords NUR 138, pain management nursing, opioid pharmacology, NSAIDs nursing, naloxone nursing, tuberculosis medications, gout pharmacology, nursing pharmacology, NCLEX pharmacology, nursing exam questions, opioid overdose, respiratory depression nursing, fentanyl patch nursing, hydromorphone nursing, methadone nursing, codeine nursing, acetaminophen toxicity, salicylate toxicity, aspirin toxicity, nonopioid analgesics, pharmacology study guide, TB medications nursing, rifampin nursing, isoniazid nursing, pyrazinamide nursing, ethambutol nursing, streptomycin nursing, bedaquiline nursing, latent tuberculosis, multidrug resistant TB, gout nursing care, colchicine nursing, allopurinol nursing, xanthine oxidase inhibitor, medication safety nursing, opioid withdrawal syndrome, nursing clinical judgment, pharmacology nursing interventions, GI bleeding NSAIDs, opioid antagonist, nursing medication administration, hepatotoxicity nursing, nephrotoxicity nursing, ototoxicity nursing, breakthrough pain management, acute gout attack, nursing revision notes, evidence-based pharmacology

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NUR 138 Chapter 10,41 44
2026 Exam Questions and
Answers | Already Graded A+



Which pain type responds BEST to NSAIDs? - ANSWER ✔✔Somatic


somatic pain - ANSWER ✔✔Pain that originates from skeletal

muscles, ligaments, or joints.

a patient is experiencing an opioid overdose, what medication would be

given? - ANSWER ✔✔Naloxone

, A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed codeine. The

nurse understands that this medication is being used primarily for which

therapeutic effect? - ANSWER ✔✔Suppression of the cough reflex


Which is the most common sign of opioid overdose? - ANSWER

✔✔Respiratory depression


Which medication is commonly used for opioid and alcohol addiction? -

ANSWER ✔✔Naltrexone


Opioid Agonists - ANSWER ✔✔Drugs that activate opioid receptors

for pain relief.


methadone hydrochloride - ANSWER ✔✔Used for detoxification in

opioid addiction treatment.

The nurse is administering naloxone to a patient with suspected opioid

overdose. Which statement best describes the action of this medication?

- ANSWER ✔✔It blocks opioid receptors and reverses effects


Which is the primary adverse effect of naloxone? - ANSWER

✔✔Opioid withdrawal syndrome


NON-OPOID ANALGESICS - ANSWER ✔✔blocks pain by inhibition

of prostaglandin synthesis

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