NR511 Midterm Diff Diagnosis Questions
And Answers.
The ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the
disease
# of true negatives divided by total # of people who do not have
the disease - ✅✅✅ specificity
Ability of a test to correctly identify pt has disease
True positives divided by # of people who have disease - ✅✅✅
sensitivity
Pain, tingling, stabbing, unilateral vesicular rash along dermatome
-✅✅✅ herpes zoster
How is herpes zoster diagosed? - ✅✅✅ history and physical,
PCR assay
White macules or patches usually on sun exposed areas,
premature graying of hair - ✅✅✅ vitiligo
What labs are done for vitiligo? - ✅✅✅ cbc, peripheral smear
(detect pernicious anemia), thyroids, ANA
Mask of pregnancy
Hyperpigmentation of face during pregnancy - ✅✅✅ cholasma
(melasma)
How is cholasma diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ wood's lamp examination
Diffuse, generazlied, hyperpigmentation, especially on skin
creased d/t increased adrenocorticotropic hormon - ✅✅✅
addison's disease
,What labs are done to detect addison's disease? - ✅✅✅ NA,
K, cortisol, ACTH level, ca, CBC, TSH, B12, RH factor
What are the characteristics of malignant melanoma? - ✅✅✅
asymmetrical, irregular borders, color changes, diameter >6mm,
evolving, raised
Health teaching for those with pruritus - ✅✅✅ short, tepid
showers, no baths, no scratching, cool compresses, emollients
What is "soak and smear" and what does it help with? - ✅✅✅
soak skin for 20 mins and apply ointment to wet skin to prevent
pruritus
What is urticaria?
First line treatment class and drugs?
Prevention/teaching? - ✅✅✅ hives/wheals
2nd gen nonsedating H1 antihistamines- loratadine, fexofenadine
Cool temps, no hot showers, avoid tight clothes
Topical treatment for urticaria? - ✅✅✅ pramoxine
1-2mm red papules interdigital web staples, wrists, axillary folds,
and periumbilical? - ✅✅✅ scabies
What does an intraepidermal burrow from scabies look like? -
✅✅✅ white with black specks linear
How is an intraepidermal burrow from scabies diagnosed? -
✅✅✅ burrow ink test- mark with ink, ink will go into tunnel
How is scabies diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ place drop of mineral oil,
scrape off with blade, place on slide, look under microscope
, Treatment and teaching for scabies - ✅✅✅ wash all clothes
and bedding in hot water and detergent
Scabicide lotions
Antihistamines and topical steroids for pruritus
Example of scabicides lotion - ✅✅✅ permethrin and malathion
lotion
Red, small, erythematous, macules or papules, pruritus worse at
night, mostly scalp - ✅✅✅ pediculosis (lice)
How is pediculosis diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ wood light exam,
magnifying glass
Treatment of pediculosis
First line
Second line - ✅✅✅ Topical insecticides are effective such as
permethrin, pyrethrins, and malathion are considered first line
Lindaine and ivermectin are second line
Petroleum jelly or other occlusive substances can be used to
suffocate lice. Reapplication in 7-10 days recommended to kill
any newly hatched lice.
What is the prevention/education for pediculosis - ✅✅✅ avoid
sharing clothes/hats, use special combs to remove nits, pt and
family to be treated, itching will continue after tx due to
inflammation
Differential diagnosis for scabies (5) - ✅✅✅ dermatitis
Impetigo
Insect bites
Liver disease
Folliculitis
And Answers.
The ability of a test to correctly identify those who do not have the
disease
# of true negatives divided by total # of people who do not have
the disease - ✅✅✅ specificity
Ability of a test to correctly identify pt has disease
True positives divided by # of people who have disease - ✅✅✅
sensitivity
Pain, tingling, stabbing, unilateral vesicular rash along dermatome
-✅✅✅ herpes zoster
How is herpes zoster diagosed? - ✅✅✅ history and physical,
PCR assay
White macules or patches usually on sun exposed areas,
premature graying of hair - ✅✅✅ vitiligo
What labs are done for vitiligo? - ✅✅✅ cbc, peripheral smear
(detect pernicious anemia), thyroids, ANA
Mask of pregnancy
Hyperpigmentation of face during pregnancy - ✅✅✅ cholasma
(melasma)
How is cholasma diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ wood's lamp examination
Diffuse, generazlied, hyperpigmentation, especially on skin
creased d/t increased adrenocorticotropic hormon - ✅✅✅
addison's disease
,What labs are done to detect addison's disease? - ✅✅✅ NA,
K, cortisol, ACTH level, ca, CBC, TSH, B12, RH factor
What are the characteristics of malignant melanoma? - ✅✅✅
asymmetrical, irregular borders, color changes, diameter >6mm,
evolving, raised
Health teaching for those with pruritus - ✅✅✅ short, tepid
showers, no baths, no scratching, cool compresses, emollients
What is "soak and smear" and what does it help with? - ✅✅✅
soak skin for 20 mins and apply ointment to wet skin to prevent
pruritus
What is urticaria?
First line treatment class and drugs?
Prevention/teaching? - ✅✅✅ hives/wheals
2nd gen nonsedating H1 antihistamines- loratadine, fexofenadine
Cool temps, no hot showers, avoid tight clothes
Topical treatment for urticaria? - ✅✅✅ pramoxine
1-2mm red papules interdigital web staples, wrists, axillary folds,
and periumbilical? - ✅✅✅ scabies
What does an intraepidermal burrow from scabies look like? -
✅✅✅ white with black specks linear
How is an intraepidermal burrow from scabies diagnosed? -
✅✅✅ burrow ink test- mark with ink, ink will go into tunnel
How is scabies diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ place drop of mineral oil,
scrape off with blade, place on slide, look under microscope
, Treatment and teaching for scabies - ✅✅✅ wash all clothes
and bedding in hot water and detergent
Scabicide lotions
Antihistamines and topical steroids for pruritus
Example of scabicides lotion - ✅✅✅ permethrin and malathion
lotion
Red, small, erythematous, macules or papules, pruritus worse at
night, mostly scalp - ✅✅✅ pediculosis (lice)
How is pediculosis diagnosed? - ✅✅✅ wood light exam,
magnifying glass
Treatment of pediculosis
First line
Second line - ✅✅✅ Topical insecticides are effective such as
permethrin, pyrethrins, and malathion are considered first line
Lindaine and ivermectin are second line
Petroleum jelly or other occlusive substances can be used to
suffocate lice. Reapplication in 7-10 days recommended to kill
any newly hatched lice.
What is the prevention/education for pediculosis - ✅✅✅ avoid
sharing clothes/hats, use special combs to remove nits, pt and
family to be treated, itching will continue after tx due to
inflammation
Differential diagnosis for scabies (5) - ✅✅✅ dermatitis
Impetigo
Insect bites
Liver disease
Folliculitis
