WGU C458 Health, Fitness and
Wellness Latest Exam Update
2026|A+ Guarantee!!
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-provides the body with the nutrients it needs to
perform its daily tasks
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-implies that the individual is not getting enough
nutrients. This can occur even if the person is consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS-literally means loss of appetite, but this is a
misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but denies the hunger because of an irrational
fear of becoming fat. Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
Untreated, can be fatal.
Bulimia - CORRECT ANSWERS-characterized by recurring periods of binge eating,
during which large amounts of food are consumed in a short period of time followed by
purging (through self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or periods of
fasting
Binge eating disorder (BED) - CORRECT ANSWERS-episodes of binge eating
characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of food even when not feeling
hungry, and feeling guilty or depressed after overeating.
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS-15 to 20 percent above normal weight. Poor dietary
patterns; include increased intake of sugars in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals
of high energy, low nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and some types
of cancer.
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-inorganic material. Form body parts (teeth and
bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and
electrolyte balance
Major minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-needed by the body:
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
,• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
• chloride—table salt, meat
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
Trace minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-required in lesser amounts, and include iron,
zinc, selenium, magnesium, copper, iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and
manganese
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS-protect the body
against heart disease. Often called "good" cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS-most cholesterol in
the blood is of this type. Often referred to as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood
increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the
risk of a heart attack
Lipoproteins - CORRECT ANSWERS-large molecules of fat and protein in the
bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS-slow the aging process. Reduce cellular damage
by binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions
Oxidation reactions - CORRECT ANSWERS-the energy-yielding reactions in which
either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a hydrogen atom removes an electron
from a substrate (a group of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has
had a partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an electron. Two partially
charged atoms or groups of atoms, one positively charged and the other negatively
charged, now exist
Free radical (Oxidant) - CORRECT ANSWERS-any atom or group of atoms that has an
unpaired electron. Because electrons typically function in pairs, these are very prone to
binding to other substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this happens in
the human body, there is potential for a great deal of damage.
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Found
in foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include
fruits, vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Sources
include meats and milk. Composed of 8 essential(provided by the diet) and 12
nonessential(synthesized by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and fighting infection.
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological process can take
place, without it
, Lipids - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 9 calories of energy per gram. Organic
compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; based on their solubility, they are
classified into triglycerides (more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
Incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWERS-proteins that are lacking one or more of the
essential amino acids
Glycogen - CORRECT ANSWERS-the polysaccharide form in which glucose is stored
in the liver
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS-simple sugar. The only source of energy that brain
cells use to function
Triglycerides (Fats) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Solid at room temperature. Group of
chemical compounds that contain fatty acids, often in very long strands. Most
concentrated source of energy in the diet. Provides much of the stored energy of the
body. Insulate body organs against changes in environmental temperature. Protect the
organs and underlying tissues by acting as a shock absorber.
Water - CORRECT ANSWERS-essential component of body structure. Second only to
oxygen in importance to body functioning. Acts as a solvent for minerals and other
physiologically important compounds. In the body, it transports nutrients to and waste
products from the cells and helps regulate body temperature. Comes from fluids and
solids in the diet and also is produced by the metabolic processing of energy nutrients
within the tissues
Oils - CORRECT ANSWERS-liquid at room temperature.
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS-organic compounds required by every part of the
body to maintain health and prevent disease. Classified as either fat-soluble or water-
soluble. Do not become part of the body. Only small amounts are needed, but must be
provided by the diet because the body is not able to synthesize them in the required
quantities for proper nourishment and body function. Foster growth, promote the ability
to produce healthy offspring, maintain health, aid in the normal function of the digestive
tract and appetite, and help maintain immune system functions.
Fat-soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS-found in the fatty parts of food and body
tissues. Stored in the body until needed, so it is not necessary to consume them every
day. Transported by lipids through the body; A, D, E, and K
Vitamin A - CORRECT ANSWERS-important in promoting growth and health of body
tissues as well as enhancing the function of the immune system. Enhances vision by
helping the retina function properly, permitting us to distinguish between light and shade
and to see various colors distinctly. A form of this is used by dermatologists to treat
acne and other skin disorders. Overdoses may result in yellowish, dry, scaly skin and
dry, irritated eyes
Wellness Latest Exam Update
2026|A+ Guarantee!!
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-provides the body with the nutrients it needs to
perform its daily tasks
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-implies that the individual is not getting enough
nutrients. This can occur even if the person is consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS-an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS-literally means loss of appetite, but this is a
misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but denies the hunger because of an irrational
fear of becoming fat. Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
Untreated, can be fatal.
Bulimia - CORRECT ANSWERS-characterized by recurring periods of binge eating,
during which large amounts of food are consumed in a short period of time followed by
purging (through self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or periods of
fasting
Binge eating disorder (BED) - CORRECT ANSWERS-episodes of binge eating
characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of food even when not feeling
hungry, and feeling guilty or depressed after overeating.
Obesity - CORRECT ANSWERS-15 to 20 percent above normal weight. Poor dietary
patterns; include increased intake of sugars in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals
of high energy, low nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and some types
of cancer.
Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-inorganic material. Form body parts (teeth and
bones), maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and
electrolyte balance
Major minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-needed by the body:
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
,• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
• chloride—table salt, meat
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
Trace minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS-required in lesser amounts, and include iron,
zinc, selenium, magnesium, copper, iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and
manganese
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS-protect the body
against heart disease. Often called "good" cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) - CORRECT ANSWERS-most cholesterol in
the blood is of this type. Often referred to as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood
increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the
risk of a heart attack
Lipoproteins - CORRECT ANSWERS-large molecules of fat and protein in the
bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
Antioxidants - CORRECT ANSWERS-slow the aging process. Reduce cellular damage
by binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions
Oxidation reactions - CORRECT ANSWERS-the energy-yielding reactions in which
either an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a hydrogen atom removes an electron
from a substrate (a group of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has
had a partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an electron. Two partially
charged atoms or groups of atoms, one positively charged and the other negatively
charged, now exist
Free radical (Oxidant) - CORRECT ANSWERS-any atom or group of atoms that has an
unpaired electron. Because electrons typically function in pairs, these are very prone to
binding to other substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this happens in
the human body, there is potential for a great deal of damage.
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Found
in foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include
fruits, vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Sources
include meats and milk. Composed of 8 essential(provided by the diet) and 12
nonessential(synthesized by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and fighting infection.
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological process can take
place, without it
, Lipids - CORRECT ANSWERS-produce 9 calories of energy per gram. Organic
compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; based on their solubility, they are
classified into triglycerides (more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
Incomplete protein - CORRECT ANSWERS-proteins that are lacking one or more of the
essential amino acids
Glycogen - CORRECT ANSWERS-the polysaccharide form in which glucose is stored
in the liver
Glucose - CORRECT ANSWERS-simple sugar. The only source of energy that brain
cells use to function
Triglycerides (Fats) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Solid at room temperature. Group of
chemical compounds that contain fatty acids, often in very long strands. Most
concentrated source of energy in the diet. Provides much of the stored energy of the
body. Insulate body organs against changes in environmental temperature. Protect the
organs and underlying tissues by acting as a shock absorber.
Water - CORRECT ANSWERS-essential component of body structure. Second only to
oxygen in importance to body functioning. Acts as a solvent for minerals and other
physiologically important compounds. In the body, it transports nutrients to and waste
products from the cells and helps regulate body temperature. Comes from fluids and
solids in the diet and also is produced by the metabolic processing of energy nutrients
within the tissues
Oils - CORRECT ANSWERS-liquid at room temperature.
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS-organic compounds required by every part of the
body to maintain health and prevent disease. Classified as either fat-soluble or water-
soluble. Do not become part of the body. Only small amounts are needed, but must be
provided by the diet because the body is not able to synthesize them in the required
quantities for proper nourishment and body function. Foster growth, promote the ability
to produce healthy offspring, maintain health, aid in the normal function of the digestive
tract and appetite, and help maintain immune system functions.
Fat-soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS-found in the fatty parts of food and body
tissues. Stored in the body until needed, so it is not necessary to consume them every
day. Transported by lipids through the body; A, D, E, and K
Vitamin A - CORRECT ANSWERS-important in promoting growth and health of body
tissues as well as enhancing the function of the immune system. Enhances vision by
helping the retina function properly, permitting us to distinguish between light and shade
and to see various colors distinctly. A form of this is used by dermatologists to treat
acne and other skin disorders. Overdoses may result in yellowish, dry, scaly skin and
dry, irritated eyes
