1
NUR206 COMMUNITY NURSING CONCEPTS EXAM 2 STUDY
GUIDE 2026/2027 | Latest Update | Grade A | Verified Q&A |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
[Section 1: Epidemiology Principles & Calculation Applications (Q1-14)]
Q1. Which term describes the constant, baseline presence of a disease or infectious
agent within a specific geographic area or population?
A. Epidemic
B. Endemic
C. Pandemic
D. Hyperendemic
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. Endemic [CORRECT] — Endemic refers to the
habitual presence of a disease within a given area (e.g., malaria in parts of sub-
Saharan Africa). An epidemic is an abrupt increase above baseline, and a pandemic is
an epidemic spread across multiple countries or continents.
Q2. A school district has 10,000 students. At the start of the school year, 200 students
have a documented peanut allergy. During the school year, 50 students are newly
diagnosed with peanut allergy. What is the incidence rate per 1,000 population at
risk?
A. 2.0 per 1,000
B. 5.0 per 1,000
C. 5.1 per 1,000
D. 25.0 per 1,000
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 5.1 per 1,000 [CORRECT] — Incidence rate uses the
population at risk (10,000 − 200 = 9,800). Calculation: (50 ÷ 9,800) × 1,000 = 5.1 per
1,000. Option B incorrectly uses the total population, and D uses the existing cases as
the denominator.
Q3. During a community health fair in 2026, a nurse screens 2,500 adults and finds
that 300 have undiagnosed hypertension and 200 have diagnosed hypertension.
What is the point prevalence of hypertension in this screened population?
,2
A. 8%
B. 12%
C. 20%
D. 50%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 20% [CORRECT] — Prevalence includes all existing
cases (300 undiagnosed + 200 diagnosed = 500) divided by the total screened
population (2,500): 500 ÷ 2,500 = 0.20 or 20%. Option A counts only diagnosed
cases, and B counts only undiagnosed cases.
Q4. At a church picnic, 80 people eat potato salad. Within 48 hours, 40 people who
ate the salad develop vomiting and diarrhea. What is the attack rate for foodborne
illness among potato salad consumers?
A. 33%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 80%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 50% [CORRECT] — Attack rate = (number of
exposed who become ill ÷ total exposed) × 100 = (40 ÷ 80) × 100 = 50%. Option B
uses the number ill as the denominator, and D assumes all exposed became ill.
Q5. A new rapid HIV screening test is evaluated in 1,000 high-risk individuals. The
gold standard confirms 100 have HIV. The rapid test correctly identifies 90 of the 100
HIV-positive individuals but misses 10. What is the sensitivity of this test?
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 99%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 90% [CORRECT] — Sensitivity = true positives ÷
(true positives + false negatives) = 90 ÷ (90 + 10) = 90 ÷ 100 = 90%. This measures
the test's ability to correctly identify those with disease.
Q6. In the same HIV screening study, the gold standard confirms 900 individuals do
not have HIV. The rapid test correctly identifies 855 of the 900 HIV-negative
individuals but falsely identifies 45 as positive. What is the specificity?
, 3
A. 85%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 100%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 95% [CORRECT] — Specificity = true negatives ÷
(true negatives + false positives) = 855 ÷ (855 + 45) = 855 ÷ 900 = 0.95 or 95%. This
measures the test's ability to correctly identify those without disease.
Q7. In the same HIV screening study, the rapid test identified 90 true positives and 45
false positives. What is the positive predictive value (PPV)?
A. 50%
B. 66.7%
C. 90%
D. 95%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 66.7% [CORRECT] — PPV = true positives ÷ (true
positives + false positives) = 90 ÷ (90 + 45) = 90 ÷ 135 = 0.667 or 66.7%. PPV
indicates the probability that a positive test result truly reflects disease presence.
Q8. During a localized meningococcal outbreak, 60 people develop confirmed
disease. Despite treatment, 3 people die from the infection. What is the case fatality
rate?
A. 3%
B. 5%
C. 10%
D. 20%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 5% [CORRECT] — Case fatality rate = (deaths from
disease ÷ total cases) × 100 = (3 ÷ 60) × 100 = 5%. Option A uses the number of
deaths as the percentage without division by total cases.
Q9. A city has a population of 250,000. In 2026, there were 1,250 deaths from all
causes. What is the all-cause mortality rate per 100,000 population?
A. 250
B. 400
C. 500
D. 1,250
NUR206 COMMUNITY NURSING CONCEPTS EXAM 2 STUDY
GUIDE 2026/2027 | Latest Update | Grade A | Verified Q&A |
Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded
[Section 1: Epidemiology Principles & Calculation Applications (Q1-14)]
Q1. Which term describes the constant, baseline presence of a disease or infectious
agent within a specific geographic area or population?
A. Epidemic
B. Endemic
C. Pandemic
D. Hyperendemic
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. Endemic [CORRECT] — Endemic refers to the
habitual presence of a disease within a given area (e.g., malaria in parts of sub-
Saharan Africa). An epidemic is an abrupt increase above baseline, and a pandemic is
an epidemic spread across multiple countries or continents.
Q2. A school district has 10,000 students. At the start of the school year, 200 students
have a documented peanut allergy. During the school year, 50 students are newly
diagnosed with peanut allergy. What is the incidence rate per 1,000 population at
risk?
A. 2.0 per 1,000
B. 5.0 per 1,000
C. 5.1 per 1,000
D. 25.0 per 1,000
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 5.1 per 1,000 [CORRECT] — Incidence rate uses the
population at risk (10,000 − 200 = 9,800). Calculation: (50 ÷ 9,800) × 1,000 = 5.1 per
1,000. Option B incorrectly uses the total population, and D uses the existing cases as
the denominator.
Q3. During a community health fair in 2026, a nurse screens 2,500 adults and finds
that 300 have undiagnosed hypertension and 200 have diagnosed hypertension.
What is the point prevalence of hypertension in this screened population?
,2
A. 8%
B. 12%
C. 20%
D. 50%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 20% [CORRECT] — Prevalence includes all existing
cases (300 undiagnosed + 200 diagnosed = 500) divided by the total screened
population (2,500): 500 ÷ 2,500 = 0.20 or 20%. Option A counts only diagnosed
cases, and B counts only undiagnosed cases.
Q4. At a church picnic, 80 people eat potato salad. Within 48 hours, 40 people who
ate the salad develop vomiting and diarrhea. What is the attack rate for foodborne
illness among potato salad consumers?
A. 33%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 80%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 50% [CORRECT] — Attack rate = (number of
exposed who become ill ÷ total exposed) × 100 = (40 ÷ 80) × 100 = 50%. Option B
uses the number ill as the denominator, and D assumes all exposed became ill.
Q5. A new rapid HIV screening test is evaluated in 1,000 high-risk individuals. The
gold standard confirms 100 have HIV. The rapid test correctly identifies 90 of the 100
HIV-positive individuals but misses 10. What is the sensitivity of this test?
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 99%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 90% [CORRECT] — Sensitivity = true positives ÷
(true positives + false negatives) = 90 ÷ (90 + 10) = 90 ÷ 100 = 90%. This measures
the test's ability to correctly identify those with disease.
Q6. In the same HIV screening study, the gold standard confirms 900 individuals do
not have HIV. The rapid test correctly identifies 855 of the 900 HIV-negative
individuals but falsely identifies 45 as positive. What is the specificity?
, 3
A. 85%
B. 90%
C. 95%
D. 100%
Correct Answer: C Rationale: C. 95% [CORRECT] — Specificity = true negatives ÷
(true negatives + false positives) = 855 ÷ (855 + 45) = 855 ÷ 900 = 0.95 or 95%. This
measures the test's ability to correctly identify those without disease.
Q7. In the same HIV screening study, the rapid test identified 90 true positives and 45
false positives. What is the positive predictive value (PPV)?
A. 50%
B. 66.7%
C. 90%
D. 95%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 66.7% [CORRECT] — PPV = true positives ÷ (true
positives + false positives) = 90 ÷ (90 + 45) = 90 ÷ 135 = 0.667 or 66.7%. PPV
indicates the probability that a positive test result truly reflects disease presence.
Q8. During a localized meningococcal outbreak, 60 people develop confirmed
disease. Despite treatment, 3 people die from the infection. What is the case fatality
rate?
A. 3%
B. 5%
C. 10%
D. 20%
Correct Answer: B Rationale: B. 5% [CORRECT] — Case fatality rate = (deaths from
disease ÷ total cases) × 100 = (3 ÷ 60) × 100 = 5%. Option A uses the number of
deaths as the percentage without division by total cases.
Q9. A city has a population of 250,000. In 2026, there were 1,250 deaths from all
causes. What is the all-cause mortality rate per 100,000 population?
A. 250
B. 400
C. 500
D. 1,250
