Page 1 of 204
Gerontology Final Exam Practice Questions And Rationale
Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest Version
Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
Exam
1. A nurse teaches an older adult about changes to nutritional requirements.
Which of the following meal choices would give evidence that the older adult
understands the teaching?
A) Baked chicken, carrots, and angel food cake
B) Green salad, mashed potatoes, and an oatmeal cookie
C) Vegetable beef soup, crackers, and Jell-O
D) Baked pork chop, green beans, and sherbet
Ans: A
Older adults need increased intake of foods with a high nutritional value and a
concomitant decrease in the intake of foods containing little or no nutrients.
Get all Gerontology test banks for Exam preparation for 2026. The test banks
include comprehensive preparation for both Exam I and Exam II, and are
designed to significantly enhance your likelihood of passing all exams on the
first attempt, with a success rate of up to 97%. start preparing for your
upcoming exams email
, Page 2 of 204
2. A nurse teaches older adults about nutrition. Which of the following
statements shows the nurse that the older adult requires further teaching?
A) "Alcohol intake will interfere with absorption of B-complex vitamins and
vitamin C."
B) "Certain 'fluid' pills can decrease the potassium level in my blood."
C) "Anticholinergic medications can cause my intestines to work slower."
D) "My over-the-counter beta-carotene pill is appropriate for long-term use."
Ans: D
Long-term beta-carotene use can cause vitamin E deficiency. Paralytic ileus can
occur with anticholinergic medication. Nutritional supplements and herbal
preparations can affect nutrients. Alcohol interferes with the absorption of B-complex
vitamins and vitamin C
3. A 70-year-old client with urosepsis is admitted to a nursing unit. The labs
include elevated sodium, blood urea nitrogen, hematocrit, and albumin. Which
of the following nursing diagnoses is priority for this client?
A) Constipation
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired tissue perfusion
Ans: B
The appropriate nursing diagnosis is fluid volume deficit. Blood values that may be
altered in dehydration include elevations in sodium, hematocrit, creatinine,
osmolality, and blood urea nitrogen. While the client may develop constipation, it is
not the priority at this time. Albumin will be decreased with poor nutrition but
increased with dehydration. An elevation in these labs does not implicate impaired
tissue perfusion
, Page 3 of 204
4. A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which
of these nursing interventions would be most successful to encourage optimal
nutrition?
A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55% of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers
Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings
of fruits and vegetables; 55% of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates.
Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of nutrients in their nutritional
requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to
1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be
used in small amounts for older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.
5. A nurse teaches a health education class for older adults about
constipation. Which of the following points should the nurse stress?
A) Older adults who do not have a daily bowel movement should use a
laxative.
B)Older adults should limit their intake of highfiber foods because of a risk of
lactose intolerance.
C)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a laxative or
enema should be given.
D)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a bulk-forming
agent is needed daily
, Page 4 of 204
Ans: D
A bulk-forming agent is least likely to have detrimental effects; providing fluid intake
is adequate, if a medication is needed to promote regular bowel elimination. If at all
possible, older adults should avoid laxatives. Older adults should include several
portions of high-fiber foods in their daily diet
6. A nurse assesses an older adult in the assisted living facility who has
presbyphagia. Which of the following systems should the nurse auscultate?
A) Abdomen for bruit
B) Bowel sounds
C) Heart tones
D) Lung sounds
Ans: D
Swallowing difficulties create a risk of aspiration. Presbyphagia is unlikely to result in
assessment changes to the abdomen or heart
7. A nurse counsels an older adult regarding nutritional requirements. Which
of the following teaching points is priority when discussing age-related
changes in
nutritional requirements?
A) "If possible, try to eliminate animal fats from your diet."
B) "You should try to eat less meat and proteins than you did when you were
younger."
C) "Overall, you don't need to take in as many calories as you used to."
D) "As an older adult, you don't need to eat as many starches and complex
carbohydrates."
Ans: C
Caloric requirements for older adults are significantly less than those for younger
Gerontology Final Exam Practice Questions And Rationale
Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest Version
Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
Exam
1. A nurse teaches an older adult about changes to nutritional requirements.
Which of the following meal choices would give evidence that the older adult
understands the teaching?
A) Baked chicken, carrots, and angel food cake
B) Green salad, mashed potatoes, and an oatmeal cookie
C) Vegetable beef soup, crackers, and Jell-O
D) Baked pork chop, green beans, and sherbet
Ans: A
Older adults need increased intake of foods with a high nutritional value and a
concomitant decrease in the intake of foods containing little or no nutrients.
Get all Gerontology test banks for Exam preparation for 2026. The test banks
include comprehensive preparation for both Exam I and Exam II, and are
designed to significantly enhance your likelihood of passing all exams on the
first attempt, with a success rate of up to 97%. start preparing for your
upcoming exams email
, Page 2 of 204
2. A nurse teaches older adults about nutrition. Which of the following
statements shows the nurse that the older adult requires further teaching?
A) "Alcohol intake will interfere with absorption of B-complex vitamins and
vitamin C."
B) "Certain 'fluid' pills can decrease the potassium level in my blood."
C) "Anticholinergic medications can cause my intestines to work slower."
D) "My over-the-counter beta-carotene pill is appropriate for long-term use."
Ans: D
Long-term beta-carotene use can cause vitamin E deficiency. Paralytic ileus can
occur with anticholinergic medication. Nutritional supplements and herbal
preparations can affect nutrients. Alcohol interferes with the absorption of B-complex
vitamins and vitamin C
3. A 70-year-old client with urosepsis is admitted to a nursing unit. The labs
include elevated sodium, blood urea nitrogen, hematocrit, and albumin. Which
of the following nursing diagnoses is priority for this client?
A) Constipation
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired tissue perfusion
Ans: B
The appropriate nursing diagnosis is fluid volume deficit. Blood values that may be
altered in dehydration include elevations in sodium, hematocrit, creatinine,
osmolality, and blood urea nitrogen. While the client may develop constipation, it is
not the priority at this time. Albumin will be decreased with poor nutrition but
increased with dehydration. An elevation in these labs does not implicate impaired
tissue perfusion
, Page 3 of 204
4. A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which
of these nursing interventions would be most successful to encourage optimal
nutrition?
A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55% of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers
Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings
of fruits and vegetables; 55% of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates.
Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of nutrients in their nutritional
requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to
1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be
used in small amounts for older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.
5. A nurse teaches a health education class for older adults about
constipation. Which of the following points should the nurse stress?
A) Older adults who do not have a daily bowel movement should use a
laxative.
B)Older adults should limit their intake of highfiber foods because of a risk of
lactose intolerance.
C)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a laxative or
enema should be given.
D)If older adults need a medication to promote bowel regularity, a bulk-forming
agent is needed daily
, Page 4 of 204
Ans: D
A bulk-forming agent is least likely to have detrimental effects; providing fluid intake
is adequate, if a medication is needed to promote regular bowel elimination. If at all
possible, older adults should avoid laxatives. Older adults should include several
portions of high-fiber foods in their daily diet
6. A nurse assesses an older adult in the assisted living facility who has
presbyphagia. Which of the following systems should the nurse auscultate?
A) Abdomen for bruit
B) Bowel sounds
C) Heart tones
D) Lung sounds
Ans: D
Swallowing difficulties create a risk of aspiration. Presbyphagia is unlikely to result in
assessment changes to the abdomen or heart
7. A nurse counsels an older adult regarding nutritional requirements. Which
of the following teaching points is priority when discussing age-related
changes in
nutritional requirements?
A) "If possible, try to eliminate animal fats from your diet."
B) "You should try to eat less meat and proteins than you did when you were
younger."
C) "Overall, you don't need to take in as many calories as you used to."
D) "As an older adult, you don't need to eat as many starches and complex
carbohydrates."
Ans: C
Caloric requirements for older adults are significantly less than those for younger
