BIOL 1107 Exam 2 Review 2026
Exam Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update
physiological respiration - ANSWER ✔✔the process by which
animals exchange gases with their surroundings—how they take in
oxygen from the outside environment and deliver it to body cells, and
remove carbon dioxide from body cells and deliver it to the environment.
respiratory medium - ANSWER ✔✔for aquatic animals: water
for terrestrial animals: air
amphibians: water & air
,respiratory surface - ANSWER ✔✔formed by a layer of epithelial
cells, is the interface between the body and the respiratory medium
rate of diffusion - ANSWER ✔✔the relative movement of a particle in
response to a concentration gradient
tracheal system - ANSWER ✔✔in insects, a system of branched, air-
filled tubes that extends throughout the body and carries oxygen directly
to cells.
gills - ANSWER ✔✔only in water-breathing animals; evaginations of
the body --- they extend outward into the respiratory medium
lungs - ANSWER ✔✔only in terrestrial animals; invaginations of the
body surface --- deep in the body interior where they are less
susceptible to drying out
respiratory system - ANSWER ✔✔a system of organs, functioning in
the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
ventilation - ANSWER ✔✔the flow of the respiratory medium (air or
water) over the external side of the respiratory surface
, perfusion - ANSWER ✔✔the flow of blood or other body fluids to the
internal side of the respiratory surface
water - ANSWER ✔✔-holds less oxygen than air, and O2 content is
affected by temperature and solutes
-it takes significantly more energy to move water than air over air over a
respiratory surface
air - ANSWER ✔✔-relatively high O2 content, low density, and low
viscosity of air greatly reduce the energy required for ventilation
countercurrent exchange - ANSWER ✔✔uses one-way flow of water
over the gills to maximize the O2 and CO2 exchanged with water
tracheae - ANSWER ✔✔invaginations of the outer epidermis of the
animal reinforced by rings of chitin --- the material of the exoskeleton
positive pressure breathing - ANSWER ✔✔a gulping motion that
forces air into the lungs
negative pressure breathing - ANSWER ✔✔muscular contractions
that expand the lungs, lowering the pressure, and causing air to be
pulled inward
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Exam Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update
physiological respiration - ANSWER ✔✔the process by which
animals exchange gases with their surroundings—how they take in
oxygen from the outside environment and deliver it to body cells, and
remove carbon dioxide from body cells and deliver it to the environment.
respiratory medium - ANSWER ✔✔for aquatic animals: water
for terrestrial animals: air
amphibians: water & air
,respiratory surface - ANSWER ✔✔formed by a layer of epithelial
cells, is the interface between the body and the respiratory medium
rate of diffusion - ANSWER ✔✔the relative movement of a particle in
response to a concentration gradient
tracheal system - ANSWER ✔✔in insects, a system of branched, air-
filled tubes that extends throughout the body and carries oxygen directly
to cells.
gills - ANSWER ✔✔only in water-breathing animals; evaginations of
the body --- they extend outward into the respiratory medium
lungs - ANSWER ✔✔only in terrestrial animals; invaginations of the
body surface --- deep in the body interior where they are less
susceptible to drying out
respiratory system - ANSWER ✔✔a system of organs, functioning in
the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
ventilation - ANSWER ✔✔the flow of the respiratory medium (air or
water) over the external side of the respiratory surface
, perfusion - ANSWER ✔✔the flow of blood or other body fluids to the
internal side of the respiratory surface
water - ANSWER ✔✔-holds less oxygen than air, and O2 content is
affected by temperature and solutes
-it takes significantly more energy to move water than air over air over a
respiratory surface
air - ANSWER ✔✔-relatively high O2 content, low density, and low
viscosity of air greatly reduce the energy required for ventilation
countercurrent exchange - ANSWER ✔✔uses one-way flow of water
over the gills to maximize the O2 and CO2 exchanged with water
tracheae - ANSWER ✔✔invaginations of the outer epidermis of the
animal reinforced by rings of chitin --- the material of the exoskeleton
positive pressure breathing - ANSWER ✔✔a gulping motion that
forces air into the lungs
negative pressure breathing - ANSWER ✔✔muscular contractions
that expand the lungs, lowering the pressure, and causing air to be
pulled inward
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
