Page 1 of 42
population health exam Material Questions
Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest Version
Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
Community-oriented nursing in the 21st century has been influenced by
historical events and government initiatives that support the approach of:
a. illness care.
b. preventing acute illness.
c. caring for the disenfranchised.
d. keeping the public healthy.
d. keeping the public healthy.
The Healthy People initiative, recent disasters and acts of terrorism, and most
recently the COVID-19 pandemic have brought renewed emphasis on prevention to
public and community health nursing. During the late 20th and early 21st centuries,
challenges have continued to trigger growth and change in nursing in the community.
Nurses continue to care for the vulnerable populations, provide illness care, and
prevent acute illness while delivering care that is safe and high in quality.
In 1902 Lillian Wald introduced the concept of school nursing to address the
problem of student absenteeism by:
a. enforcing the Department of Health's rules and regulations.
b. focusing on excluding infectious children from the school environment.
c. requiring parents to pay a fee for sending a sick child to school.
d. providing follow-up care for the absent child at their home.
d. providing follow-up care for the absent child at their home.
In New York City in 1897, school medical examination focused on excluding
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infectious children from school. By 1902, more than 20% of children might be absent
from school on any given day because no one was focused on providing or obtaining
medical treatment so that absent children could return to school. Lillian Wald
introduced an English innovation by providing nurses for schools. The first school
nurses made home visits to teach parents and provide follow-up care to children
absent from schools. The school nurses found that many children were absent from
school because they did not have shoes or clothing; many were hungry, and others
had to take care of the younger children in the family
The historical nursing figure who contributed to establishing the foundation
for current community health and nursing in community health by working in
military field hospitals using a population-based approach that improved
nursing care and environmental conditions was:
a. Frances Root.
b. Mary Breckinridge.
c. Florence Nightingale.
d. Lillian Wald.
c. Florence Nightingale.
During the Crimean War (1854-1856), the British military established hospitals for
sick and wounded soldiers in Scutari in Asia Minor. The care of the soldiers was
poor, with cramped quarters, poor sanitation, lice and rats, not enough food, and
inadequate medical supplies. When the British public demanded improved
conditions, Florence Nightingale asked to work in Scutari. Because of her wealth,
social and political connections, and knowledge of hospitals, the government sent
her with a contingent of ladies, hired nurses, and hired servants to Scutari. Using
simple epidemiology measures, she documented decreased mortality rates from the
beginning of the war to the end of the war. Florence Nightingale progressively
improved the soldiers' health using a population-based approach that improved both
environmental conditions and nursing care.
Mary Breckinridge established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in 1925. One
of Breckinridge's primary contributions to health care in the United States
was:
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a. occupational health nursing.
b. the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA).
c. introduction of the first nurse-midwives.
d. the nursing process.
c. introduction of the first nurse-midwives.
The unique pioneering spirit of the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) influenced the
development of public health programs to improve the health care of the rural and
often inaccessible populations in the Appalachian sections of southeastern
Kentucky. FNS nurses were trained in nursing, public health, and midwifery.
Breckinridge, the founder of the FNS, introduced the first nurse-midwives into the
United States.
Congress-supported categorical funding has produced what negative effect on
the delivery of health care services?
a. End of insurance company support for visiting nurses
b. A reduction in comprehensive community health programs
c. Beginning of 2-year associate's degree programs in nursing
d. Rise in hospital-based care
b. A reduction in comprehensive community health programs
The shift in Congress to categorical funding provides federal money for priority
diseases or groups rather than for a comprehensive community health program.
Thus local health departments design programs to fit the funding priorities. This has
included maternal and child health services and crippled children (1935), venereal
disease control (1938), tuberculosis (1944), mental health (1947), industrial hygiene
(1947), and dental health (1947). This type of funding pattern continues today.
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the current status of
nursing in community health?
a. Comprehensive reform of health care is required.
b. People no longer believe they can protect themselves.
c. Community health serves only clients with chronic conditions.
d. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities.
, Page 4 of 42
d. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities.
Many nurses work in the community. Some bring a public health population-based
approach and have as their goal preventing illness and protecting health. Other
nurses have a community-oriented approach and deal primarily with the health care
of individuals, families, and groups in the community. Still other nurses bring a
community-based approach that focuses on "illness care" of individuals and families
in the community. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities. The latter
two groups are growing and will continue to do so, because so much health care is
being provided in community rather than inpatient settings. What is necessary is the
extension of public health services to prevent illness, promote health, and protect the
public. Without this extension, a large gap would exist in the design of a
comprehensive program for health care.
Which of the following factors assisted such community-oriented nursing
pioneers as Lillian Wald to develop approaches and programs to solve the
health care and social problems of the late 1800s? (Select all that apply.)
a. Establishment of the Town and Country Nursing Services in large cities
b. Establishment of settlement houses
c. Middle and upper class fear of diseases
d. Lack of public interest in limiting disease
e. Community health’s focus on teaching and prevention
b, c, e
In the 1890s the public was interested in limiting disease among all classes of
people, partly for religious reasons, partly for charity, but also because the middle
and upper classes were afraid of the diseases that seemed to be brought in by the
large communities of European immigrants. Nurses began to establish settlement
houses and neighborhood centers, which became hubs for health care and social
welfare programs. From the beginning, community health nursing practice included
teaching and prevention. Community-oriented interventions led to improved
sanitation, economic improvements, and better nutrition. These interventions were
credited with reducing the incidence of acute communicable diseases. Pioneers in
public health nursing, such as Lillian Wald, took advantage of the public's concern
population health exam Material Questions
Comprehensive 2026 Questions Exam Latest Version
Solved Questions & Answers Verified 100 %
Community-oriented nursing in the 21st century has been influenced by
historical events and government initiatives that support the approach of:
a. illness care.
b. preventing acute illness.
c. caring for the disenfranchised.
d. keeping the public healthy.
d. keeping the public healthy.
The Healthy People initiative, recent disasters and acts of terrorism, and most
recently the COVID-19 pandemic have brought renewed emphasis on prevention to
public and community health nursing. During the late 20th and early 21st centuries,
challenges have continued to trigger growth and change in nursing in the community.
Nurses continue to care for the vulnerable populations, provide illness care, and
prevent acute illness while delivering care that is safe and high in quality.
In 1902 Lillian Wald introduced the concept of school nursing to address the
problem of student absenteeism by:
a. enforcing the Department of Health's rules and regulations.
b. focusing on excluding infectious children from the school environment.
c. requiring parents to pay a fee for sending a sick child to school.
d. providing follow-up care for the absent child at their home.
d. providing follow-up care for the absent child at their home.
In New York City in 1897, school medical examination focused on excluding
, Page 2 of 42
infectious children from school. By 1902, more than 20% of children might be absent
from school on any given day because no one was focused on providing or obtaining
medical treatment so that absent children could return to school. Lillian Wald
introduced an English innovation by providing nurses for schools. The first school
nurses made home visits to teach parents and provide follow-up care to children
absent from schools. The school nurses found that many children were absent from
school because they did not have shoes or clothing; many were hungry, and others
had to take care of the younger children in the family
The historical nursing figure who contributed to establishing the foundation
for current community health and nursing in community health by working in
military field hospitals using a population-based approach that improved
nursing care and environmental conditions was:
a. Frances Root.
b. Mary Breckinridge.
c. Florence Nightingale.
d. Lillian Wald.
c. Florence Nightingale.
During the Crimean War (1854-1856), the British military established hospitals for
sick and wounded soldiers in Scutari in Asia Minor. The care of the soldiers was
poor, with cramped quarters, poor sanitation, lice and rats, not enough food, and
inadequate medical supplies. When the British public demanded improved
conditions, Florence Nightingale asked to work in Scutari. Because of her wealth,
social and political connections, and knowledge of hospitals, the government sent
her with a contingent of ladies, hired nurses, and hired servants to Scutari. Using
simple epidemiology measures, she documented decreased mortality rates from the
beginning of the war to the end of the war. Florence Nightingale progressively
improved the soldiers' health using a population-based approach that improved both
environmental conditions and nursing care.
Mary Breckinridge established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) in 1925. One
of Breckinridge's primary contributions to health care in the United States
was:
, Page 3 of 42
a. occupational health nursing.
b. the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA).
c. introduction of the first nurse-midwives.
d. the nursing process.
c. introduction of the first nurse-midwives.
The unique pioneering spirit of the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) influenced the
development of public health programs to improve the health care of the rural and
often inaccessible populations in the Appalachian sections of southeastern
Kentucky. FNS nurses were trained in nursing, public health, and midwifery.
Breckinridge, the founder of the FNS, introduced the first nurse-midwives into the
United States.
Congress-supported categorical funding has produced what negative effect on
the delivery of health care services?
a. End of insurance company support for visiting nurses
b. A reduction in comprehensive community health programs
c. Beginning of 2-year associate's degree programs in nursing
d. Rise in hospital-based care
b. A reduction in comprehensive community health programs
The shift in Congress to categorical funding provides federal money for priority
diseases or groups rather than for a comprehensive community health program.
Thus local health departments design programs to fit the funding priorities. This has
included maternal and child health services and crippled children (1935), venereal
disease control (1938), tuberculosis (1944), mental health (1947), industrial hygiene
(1947), and dental health (1947). This type of funding pattern continues today.
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the current status of
nursing in community health?
a. Comprehensive reform of health care is required.
b. People no longer believe they can protect themselves.
c. Community health serves only clients with chronic conditions.
d. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities.
, Page 4 of 42
d. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities.
Many nurses work in the community. Some bring a public health population-based
approach and have as their goal preventing illness and protecting health. Other
nurses have a community-oriented approach and deal primarily with the health care
of individuals, families, and groups in the community. Still other nurses bring a
community-based approach that focuses on "illness care" of individuals and families
in the community. Each type of nurse is needed in today's communities. The latter
two groups are growing and will continue to do so, because so much health care is
being provided in community rather than inpatient settings. What is necessary is the
extension of public health services to prevent illness, promote health, and protect the
public. Without this extension, a large gap would exist in the design of a
comprehensive program for health care.
Which of the following factors assisted such community-oriented nursing
pioneers as Lillian Wald to develop approaches and programs to solve the
health care and social problems of the late 1800s? (Select all that apply.)
a. Establishment of the Town and Country Nursing Services in large cities
b. Establishment of settlement houses
c. Middle and upper class fear of diseases
d. Lack of public interest in limiting disease
e. Community health’s focus on teaching and prevention
b, c, e
In the 1890s the public was interested in limiting disease among all classes of
people, partly for religious reasons, partly for charity, but also because the middle
and upper classes were afraid of the diseases that seemed to be brought in by the
large communities of European immigrants. Nurses began to establish settlement
houses and neighborhood centers, which became hubs for health care and social
welfare programs. From the beginning, community health nursing practice included
teaching and prevention. Community-oriented interventions led to improved
sanitation, economic improvements, and better nutrition. These interventions were
credited with reducing the incidence of acute communicable diseases. Pioneers in
public health nursing, such as Lillian Wald, took advantage of the public's concern
